• International Journal of Contents
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.19-23
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• 2011

This paper proposes a segmentation method for overlapped vehicles based on analysis of the vehicle location and the spatiotemporal association information. This method can be used in an intelligent transport system. In the proposed method, occlusion is detected by analyzing the association information based on a vehicle's location in continuous images, and occlusion segmentation is carried out by using the vehicle information prior to occlusion. In addition, the size variations of the vehicle to which association tracking is applied can be anticipated by learning the variations according to the overlapped vehicles' movements. To assess the performance of the suggested method, image data collected from CCTVs recording traffic information is used, and average success rate of occlusion segmentation is 96.9%.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2009.01a
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• pp.307-310
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• 2009

In this paper, we present a robust shape matching approach based on bottom-up segmentation. We show how over-segmentation results can be used to overcome both ambiguity of contour matching and occlusion. To measure the shape difference between a template and the object in the input, we use oriented chamfer matching. However, in contrast to previous work, we eliminate the affection of the background clutters before calculating the shape differences using over-segmentation results. By this method, we can increase the matching cost interval between true matching and false matching, which gives reliable results. Finally, our experiments also demonstrate that our method is robust despite the presence of occlusion.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose a new method that separates background and foreground from stereo images. This method can be improved automatic target tracking system by using disparity map of the stereo vision system and background-separating mask, which can be obtained camera configuration parameters. We use disparity map and camera configuration parameters to separate object from background. Disparity map is made with block matching algorithm from stereo images. A morphology filter is used to compensate disparity error that can be caused by occlusion area. We could obtain a separated object from background when the proposed method was applied to real stereo cameras system.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.390-396
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• 2015

We propose a partial occlusion removal method for computational integral imaging reconstruction (CIIR) based on the usage of the exemplar based inpainting technique. The proposed method is an improved version of the original linear inpainting based CIIR (LI-CIIR), which uses the inpainting technique to fill in the data missing region. The LI-CIIR shows good results for images which contain objects with smooth surfaces. However, if the object has a textured surface, the result of the LI-CIIR deteriorates, since the linear inpainting cannot recover the textured data in the data missing region well. In this work, we utilize the exemplar based inpainting to fill in the textured data in the data missing region. We call the proposed method the neighboring elemental image exemplar based inpainting (NEI-exemplar inpainting) method, since it uses sources from neighboring elemental images to fill in the data missing region. Furthermore, we also propose an automatic occluding region extraction method based on the use of the mutual constraint using depth estimation (MC-DE) and the level set based bimodal segmentation. Experimental results show the validity of the proposed system.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.5 no.12
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• pp.2355-2373
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• 2011

Vision-based vehicle detector systems are becoming increasingly important in ITS applications. Real-time operation, robustness, precision, accurate estimation of traffic parameters, and ease of setup are important features to be considered in developing such systems. Further, accurate vehicle detection is difficult in varied complex traffic environments. These environments include changes in weather as well as challenging traffic conditions, such as shadow effects and jams. To meet real-time requirements, the proposed system first applies a color background to extract moving objects, which are then tracked by considering their relative distances and directions. To achieve robustness and precision, the color background is regularly updated by the proposed algorithm to overcome luminance variations. This paper also proposes a scheme of feedback compensation to resolve background convergence errors, which occur when vehicles temporarily park on the roadside while the background image is being converged. Next, vehicle occlusion is resolved using the proposed prior split approach and through reasoning for rule-based tracking. This approach can automatically detect straight lanes. Following this step, trajectories are applied to derive traffic parameters; finally, to facilitate easy setup, we propose a means to automate the setting of the system parameters. Experimental results show that the system can operate well under various complex traffic conditions in real time.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.67-90
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• 2019

Accurate detection, tracking and analysis of human movement using robots and other visual surveillance systems is still a challenge. Efforts are on to make the system robust against constraints such as variation in shape, size, pose and occlusion. Traditional methods of detection used the sliding window approach which involved scanning of various sizes of windows across an image. This paper concentrates on employing a state-of-the-art, hierarchical graph based method for segmentation. It has two stages: part level segmentation for color-consistent segments and object level segmentation for category-consistent regions. The tracking phase is achieved by employing SIFT keypoint descriptor based technique in a combined matching and tracking scheme with validation phase. Localization of human region in each frame is performed by keypoints by casting votes for the center of the human detected region. As it is difficult to avoid incorrect keypoints, a consensus-based framework is used to detect voting behavior. The designed methodology is tested on the video sequences having 3 to 4 persons.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.2826-2840
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• 2018

Traditional methods based active contours or region merging are powerless in processing images with blurring border or hair occlusion. In this paper, a structure based convolutional neural networks is proposed to solve segmentation of skin lesion image. The structure mainly consists of two networks which are segmentation net and discrimination net. The segmentation net is designed based U-net that used to generate the mask of lesion, while the discrimination net is designed with only convolutional layers that used to determine whether input image is from ground truth labels or generated images. Images were obtained from "Skin Lesion Analysis Toward Melanoma Detection" challenge which was hosted by ISBI 2016 conference. We achieved segmentation average accuracy of 0.97, dice coefficient of 0.94 and Jaccard index of 0.89 which outperform the other existed state-of-the-art segmentation networks, including winner of ISBI 2016 challenge for skin melanoma segmentation.

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.9-15
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• 2022

This paper proposes a method for constructing and verifying datasets used in deep learning technology, to prevent safety accidents in automated construction machinery or autonomous vehicles. Although open datasets for developing image recognition technologies are challenging to meet requirements desired by users, this study proposes the interface of virtual simulators to facilitate the creation of training datasets desired by users. The pixel-level training image dataset was verified by creating scenarios, including various road types and objects in a virtual environment. Detecting an object from an image may interfere with the accurate path determination due to occlusion areas covered by another object. Thus, we construct a database, for developing an occlusion area detection algorithm in a virtual environment. Additionally, we present the possibility of its use as a deep learning dataset to calculate a grid map, that enables path search considering occlusion areas. Custom datasets are built using the RDBMS system.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.1745-1754
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• 2009

PTZ (Pan-Tilt-Zoom) camera based surveillance systems are enlarging their field of application due to their wide observable area. We aimed to detect both static and moving objects in automated working space by using a PTZ camera. For object detection we used background difference method because of the high quality segmentation. However, the method has a problem called 'hole' that is caused by non-continuous surveillance of the PTZ camera and its own characteristics. Moreover, the occlusion which occurs when the moving object overlaps with the static object should be solved for robust object detection. In this paper, we suggest a region-based technique for updating background images thereby overcoming the hole and occlusion problem. Through experiments with real scenes, it was verified that meaningful static and/or moving objects were detected very well.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.136-145
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• 2019

The crowded environment of a domestic pig farm is highly vulnerable to the spread of infectious diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease, and studies have been conducted to automatically analyze behavior of pigs in a crowded pig farm through a video surveillance system using a camera. Although it is required to correctly separate occluding pigs for tracking each individual pigs, extracting the boundaries of the occluding pigs fast and accurately is a challenging issue due to the complicated occlusion patterns such as X shape and T shape. In this study, we propose a fast and accurate method to separate occluding pigs not only by exploiting the characteristics (i.e., one of the fast deep learning-based object detectors) of You Only Look Once, YOLO, but also by overcoming the limitation (i.e., the bounding box-based object detector) of YOLO with the test-time data augmentation of rotation. Experimental results with two-pigs occlusion patterns show that the proposed method can provide better accuracy and processing speed than one of the state-of-the-art widely used deep learning-based segmentation techniques such as Mask R-CNN (i.e., the performance improvement over Mask R-CNN was about 11 times, in terms of the accuracy/processing speed performance metrics).