• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.1135-1140
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• 2007

Pseudo-first-order rate constants (kobs) for the reaction of N-benzylphthalimide (NBPT) with HO- have been determined at 2.0 × 10?4 M NBPT, 1.0 × 10?3 and 2.0 × 10?3 M NaOH as well as varying concentrations of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide ([CTABr]T = 0.0-1.7 × 10?1 M). The effects of [CTABr]T ? CMC (with CMC representing the critical micelle concentration of CTABr) on kobs have been analyzed in terms of Berezin's pseudophase (BPP) model and pseudophase ion-exchange (PIE) model. Although both models give the best observed data fit with least-squares values not significantly different from each other, the calculated values of KS from BPP model appear to be more reliable compared to those from PIE model because the values of KS from BPP model are similar to the corresponding KS values determined spectrophotometrically.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.125-137
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the longitudinal relationship between Korean youth's social withdrawal, depression and community sense mediated by achievement values. For this purpose, we analyzed three years of the longitudinal panel data (2011-2013) of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS). Data were collected from 2,351 first year middle school students using the latent growth model using SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 22.0. The main analysis results were as follows. First, social withdrawal and depression decreased and community sense increased as time passed. These results supported the linear change model. Second, the initial status of social withdrawal and depression had effects on the initial status and change rates of community sense. Achievement values, the partial mediator, had a positive influence on initial community sense but had a negative influence on change rates of community sense. We discussed how to improve Korean youth's community sense based on these results.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2006년도 6th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.877-881
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• 2006

We obtained sputtering yields for the MgO, $MgAl_2O_4$ and $MgAl_2O_4/MgO$ films using the FIB system. $MgAl_2O_4/MgO$ protective layers have been found to have less $24^{\sim}^30%$ sputtering yield values from 0.24 atoms/ion up to 0.36 atoms/ion than MgO layers with the values from 0.36 atoms/ion up to 0.45 atoms/ion for irradiated $Ga^+$ ion beam whose energies ranged from 10 keV to 14 keV. And $MgAl_2O_4$ layers have been found to have lowest sputtering yield values from 0.88 up to 0.11. It is also found that $MgAl_2O_4/MgO$ and MgO have secondary electron emission $coefficient({\gamma})$ values from 0.09 up to 0.12 for $Ne^+$ ion whose energies ranged from 50 eV to 200 eV.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.243-253
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• 2014

This qualitative case study examined the experience of middle-aged homemakers with buying and wearing clothes. Clothing benefits and clothing purchase types were observed in the homemakers' daily clothing-related behavior. This study aims to understand clothing consumption values in light of clothing benefits and to determine purchasing methods, purchasing mental states, and personal characteristics according to the clothing purchase types of middle-aged homemakers. The participants of this study were four full-time homemakers and four homemakers with a job outside the home, all in middle age. This study was conducted through in-depth interviews based on an unstructured questionnaire, and the data were collected from January 2010 to October 2010. The results were as follows: first, the clothing benefits were identified as a social stereotype, aesthetic taste, economy, wearing situation, and age perception. The most important clothing consumption values to the middle-aged homemakers based on the observed clothing benefits were, in order: social value, emotional value, epistemic value, functional value, and conditional value. Second, the type of clothing purchase was observed to be planned buying, followed by impulse buying, and compensatory buying. Even when a homemaker planned to shop regularly, when they were exposed to an attractive retailer promotion, they seized on the opportunity on impulse or made a compensatory purchase to divert oneself. Even though homemakers prefer primarily impulse buying, when they went shopping for clothing with their mother-in-law or husband, they made planned purchase also.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2001

Tencel fabric was treated with cellulase and softener. And then Mechanical properties were investigated. Basic characteristic values of clothing wearing were calculated. With the treatment of cellulase and softener treatment, WT, RT, LC, WC, RC of mechanical characteristics were increased, and G, 2HG, 2HG5, B, 2HB were decreased. B/W, $\sqrt[3]{B/W}$, $\sqrt{2HB/W}$, 2HB/B, W/T of Basic characteristic values of clothing wearing were decreased. WC/W, WC/T were increased, Therefore, drapability, crease resistance, pressing softness, air content were improved. In consideration of mechanical characteristics and basic characteristic values of clothing wearing depending on the softener, values of WT, WC/W, WC/T were bigger with the treatment of epoxy and snow softener than with the treatment of cation and blend softener. LC, WC, RC, B/W, $\sqrt[3]{B/W}$, $\sqrt{2HB/W}$, 2HB/B, W/T were bigger with the treatment of cation and blend softener than with the treatment of epoxy and snow softener. Thereofre, with the treatment of epoxy and snow softener, drapability, crease resistance, air content were improved. With the treatment of cation and blend softener, pressing softness were improved.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.209-220
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to determine the components of internet shopping value and to identify how those influence on the consumers' internet shopping behavior of apparel products. The data were collected via a self-administered questionnaire from 221 male and female students who have the shopping experiences for apparel products on the internet shopping malls, living in Kyongnam province. Using SPSS 12.0 package, $Cronbach's \alpha$, factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, Duncan multiple range test and stepwise multiple regression analysis were performed. The results could be summarized as follows; 1) According to the internet shopping values, college student consumers were classified into three groups, utilitarian value shoppers, hedonic value shoppers and low interest shoppers. 2) As a results of the ANOVA among the three groups, significant differences were found in the internet shopping mall attributes and perceived risks. 3) Internet shopping values-hedonic and utilitarian shopping values, internet shopping mall attributes and perceived risks had an significant effect on the attitude and purchasing intention of the internet shopping mall.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.316-321
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to find what male consumers value in their clothing behaviors, as well as to investigate how the consumers' shopping values and store VM impact on their clothing purchase behaviors. For data collection, research questionnaires were responded by 202 male students living in Busan. The collected data were analyzed according to the frequency-factor analysis using SPSS for win 10.1 Package, the factor analysis using Varimax, reliability analysis, and multi-regression analysis. The results of this study are as follows; First, the shopping values were composed of hedonic, utilitarian, and economic value, and VM was divided into store facility, store image, layout, and fashion information. Second, multi-regression analysis was conducted to find the impact of consumers' shopping values on their clothing purchase behaviors. The result showed that the hedonic shopping value and utilitarian shopping value significantly affected the consumers' clothing purchase behaviors, while economics shopping value did not show any statistical significance. Third, multi-regression analysis was conducted to find the impact of store VM on consumers' clothing purchase behaviors. The result showed that store image, layout, and fashion information had a significant impact on consumers' clothing purchase behaviors.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.126-133
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• 1992

Tooth colored resin restorative materials are widely used in anterior teeth restorations. The color instability of resin was the main cause of failure in resin restorations. The purpose of this study was to investigate color stability and microhardness of serval visible light curing resins. Colorimetric measurements(Tokyo Denshoku Co., Japan) and microhardness tests(Matusuzawa, MXT 70, Japan) were made on six composite resins before and after controlled immersion treatments. The six composite resins were BIS - FILM(BISCO, USA), Durafill(Kulzer, Germany), Helioprogess(VIVADENT, Germany), Palfique(TOKUYAMA SODA, Japan), Silux(3M, USA), Photoclearfil(KURARAY, Japen). Six light curing resins showed significant color change after 2 weeks. Palfique exhibited the hightest $dE^*$ values and Helio progress presented the lowest $dE^*$ values. Photoclearfil showed the highest microhardness value. Durafill and Helio progress showed lower microhardness values. Microhardness values were decreased after 8 weeks in Bisfil, Palfique light, and Photoclearfil.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2004

This paper reports the mechanical properties of bending, compression and hardness of woodceramics manufactured at different carbonizing temperatures (600℃, 800℃, 1000℃, 1200℃ and 1500℃) in a vacuum sintering furnace using sawdust boards of Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis and Larix kaemferi. The highest values of bending MOR (MOR_b) were 104 kgf/cm² (1200℃), 91 kgf/cm² (1500℃) and 86 kgf/cm² (1500℃), the highest values of compression strength were 152 kgf/cm²(1200℃)), 160 kgf/cm²(1000℃) and 189 kgf/cm²(1000℃), the highest values of hardness were 2.00 kgf/mm²(800℃), 2.01 kgf/mm² (1200℃) and 2.28 kgf/mm² (1000℃) in P. densifora, L. kaemferi and P. koraiensis, respectively. The carbonizing temperature of 600℃ was not proper to the mechanical properties for three kinds of sawdust boards and the highest values of mechanical properties were different from the kinds of mechanical properties and species of sawdust boards. Therefore, it is necessary to manufacture woodceramics at a proper temperature for particular species of sawdust boards to obtain good mechanical properties.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.539-555
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• 2020

This study explored the conceptual constructs of shopping values and experiential marketing components of home furnishing brands as well as their impacts on the behavioral intention toward home furnishing goods. The mediating roles of experiential marketing were investigated in this research. A survey was performed on female shoppers between the ages of 20 and 50 who have visited and shopped at home furnishing brand stores. The results of this research were as follows. 1) The results to analyze the sub-dimension of shopping values (Social, Differential, Utilitarian, Aesthetic, Entertaining, and Sustainable) and experiential marketing components (Sense, Emotion, Coordination information, and Customer services) showed factorial structures. 2) Aesthetic, Differential, and Utilitarian shopping values showed significantly positive influences on behavioral intentions of home furnishing brand products; in addition, Sense, Emotion, and Coordination information components of experiential marketing had a positive effect on behavioral intentions of home furnishing brand products. 3) The Emotion and Sense components of experiential marketing had important medicating roles in the relationship between shopping values and behavioral intentions of home furnishing brand products. This study highlighted that shopping values and experiential marketing components should be promoted among consumers to increase behavioral intentions of home furnishing brand products.