• 한국농공학회지
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• 제45권7호
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• pp.70-82
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• 2003

A pilot study was performed from July 1998 to December 2002, including winter performance, to examine seasonal performance of a constructed wetland and subsequent pond system for treatment of sewage in small communities of Korea. Pond was operated as a intermittent-discharge pond during winter period, and continuous flow system during growing season; its effects was evaluated from December 2001 to April 2003. The subsurface flow (SSF) wetland was satisfactory for treating sewage with good removal efficiency even during the winter period. The wetland effluent concentrations of $BOD_5$ and TSS were often higher in winter than in the growing season, but this was explained by the higher loading rates, rather than lower removal efficiency. The relatively poor-quality wetland effluent was further polished during winter in the pond. The upper layer of the pond water column became remarkably clear immediately after ice melt. In the growing season, ponds could be operated as a continuous flow system to remove nutrients and pathogens, and the effluent of pond could be reused as a supplemental irrigation water without risk of infection by sewage-borne pathogens as well as causing adverse effect on growth and yield. Overall, the wetland system was found to be adequate for treating sewage with stable removal efficiency, and the intermittent-discharge pond was found to be effective for further polishing if necessary. Therefore, the combination of a wetland and subsequent pond system and reuse of effluent as crop irrigation water is recommended as a practical alternative to treat sewage in Korean small communities, and partial discharge of pond water in March is suggested.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2002

The channel improvement plan has contributed to the flood damage reduction studies and the plan has mainly performed by the levee construction which creates the cut river. The cut river has mainly used as the agricultural and housing purposes. Recently, however, it is considered as a natural wetland for the purposes of a flood control and preservation of nature. So, this study compares the economical benefits according to the purposes of the cut river utilizations such as an agricultural, levee construction for flood damage reduction, and wetland. The study area is the downstream part of Kok-Neung stream which is a main tributary of Han river. The agricultural and levee construction benefits are estimated based on the 'Agricultural and Forestry Statistical Year' (2000) and the 'Standard for River Design' (2001). The benefit or value for the wetland utilization of the cut river is estimated by the enquete using questionnaire. As a results, for the case of which the cut river is used as an agricultural land, the present net benefit is estimated as 195.81 million won, for the levee construction, as 20853.00 million won and for the wetland, as 24692.89 million won. Therefore, the wetland is the best choice for the cut river utilization.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.265-275
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• 2012

최근에 기후변화와 수질관리의 중요성이 증가하면서 습지토양의 탄소와 영양물질 보유 특성에 대한 관심이 증가되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 연안퇴적물과 인공습지, 자연습지(내륙, 하구, 갯벌)와 같이 연안퇴적물 및 다양한 유형의 습지토양에서의 유기물과 영양물질의 보유특성을 알아 보고자하였다. 또한 유기물, 영양물질, 입도에 따른 상관관계를 분석하여 이들 항목 간의 연관성을 살펴보았다. 연구 결과 유기물이나 영양물질의 보유정도가 습지의 유형에 따라 달라지는 것으로 나타났는데 내륙습지가 하구나 연안습지보다 질소의 보유 능력이 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 같은 육상생태계에서도 더 오랜 기간 동안 오염물질이 유입되고 자체적으로 유기물을 생산하여 축적하고 있는 자연습지에서 유기물과 질소의 농도가 인공습지보다 더 높은 것을 조사되었다. 연안지역의 경우 해수의 흐름이 원활한 하구나 갯벌 보다 해수의 유통이 느린 만 지역에서 유기물과 질소 농도가 높게 나타났다. 또한 화학적산소요구량은 총유기탄소 및 총질소농도와 높은 상관관계를 보여주어 화학적산소요구량 자료를 이용하여 해당 습지의 총유기탄소나 총질소 농도를 효과적으로 추정할 수 있음을 보여주었다.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.65-98
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• 2007

본 연구의 목적은 국내에서 수행된 습지가치추정 선행연구를 대상으로 메타회귀분석을 실시하여, 습지가치에 영향을 미치는 인자들을 규명하고 정책적 시사점을 도출하며, 국내 자연환경 가치추정 분야에 메타회귀분석의 적용 가능성을 검토하는 데 있다. 메타회귀분석은 기존에 축적되어 있는 연구로부터의 정보를 희귀분석을 사용하여 종합하는 기법으로써, 선행연구에서 관찰되는 가치추정치를 종속변수로 연구의 특성, 예를 들면, 대상지의 특성, 추정기법, 모집단의 인구 사회학적 특성 등을 설명변수로 설정하여 분석한다. 이야기체 문헌검토와 비교할 때 메타회귀분석의 가장 큰 장점은 연구자의 자의적 판단을 피하고 통계적 신뢰성에 기반을 둔 객관적인 결론을 도출할 수 있다는 점이다. 실증분석 결과 우리나라의 경우 단위면적당 습지가치는 어떤 습지기능을 대상으로 하였는지보다는 어떤 가치추정기법을 사용했는지에 따라 더 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 습지면적과 습지가치는 유의한 음의 상관관계를 보임으로써 생태학적 원칙보다는 경제학적 원칙이 적용되고 있음을 확인할 수 있었으며, 이러한 점은 습지보호 및 관리정책에 시사하는 바가 크다. 본 연구의 사례분석을 통해 메타회귀분석은 선행연구 결과를 종합하고 관련정책 수립시 유용한 정보를 제공할 수 있는 분석의 틀로써 충분한 활용 가능성을 갖고 있는 것으로 판단된다. 그러나 본 연구는 메타분석의 활용 가능성뿐만 아니라 한계 및 불확실성의 존재를 확인하는 계기도 되었다. 메타회귀분석의 유효성과 신뢰성을 높이기 위해서는 지속적인 관련연구의 DB 구축, 개별연구의 질 향상을 위한 노력, 추정모델의 개선을 위한 연구 등이 병행해서 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2006

A study of the vascular hydrophyte communities and biomass was undertaken in the Bigumdo wetlands, Shinangun, from March to November, 2005. As a result, the vegetation was divided into 14 communities. Among them, emergent hydrophytes consisted of 6 communities, including Miscanthus sacchariflorus community, Phragmites communis community, Typha angustata community, Leersia japonica community, Paspalum disticum var. indutum community, and Persicaria thunbergii community, floating hydrophytes 5 communities including Hydrocharis dubia community, Nelumbo nucifera community, Euryale ferox community, Trapa japonica community and Nymphaea tetragona var. angusta community, free-floating hydrophytes 2 commuinties including Lemna paucicostata community and Spirodela polyrhiza community, and submergent hydrophyte 1 community, including Myriophyllum verticillatum community. Biomass was the highest at emergent hydrophytes and decreased along the life form, in the order like floating hydrophytes, submergent hydrophyte and free-floating hydrophytes. In addition, hydrophytes in the Bigumdo wetland showed the typical vertical zonation pattern like a natural swamp. These results were considered that the wetland of Bigumdo was characterized by the typical structure of aquatic plant ecosystem.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.111-122
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• 2023

Invasive species are organisms that are introduced into places outside of their natural distribution range. The global pet trade is facilitating the introduction of invasive species into new countries and areas. Among the introduced alien species, turtles are one of the most common animal groups whether lives in wetland ecosystems, such as wetlands or reservoirs. Like other countries around the world, exotic turtles is becoming a growing concern for the wetland ecosystem in South Korea. In this study, we report new reports of subspecies of Painted turtle (Chrysemys spp.): Chrysemys picta marginata, C. p. bellii and C. dorsalis, from the reservoirs in downtown Cheongju and Gwangju, South Korea. We used morphological features, such as the characteristics of the legs, plastron, and carapace, to identify the turtles. It is assumed that all turtles were artificially released into nature. Considering the increasing number of reports on the introduction of alien invasive turtles in Korean wetlands, we recommend the formulation of an immediate and systematic management plan for pet trades and organized continuous monitoring programs.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.147-158
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• 2012

최근 들어, 습지에 대한 관심이 증대하면서 습지에 대한 가치를 평가하는 연구가 많이 진행되고 있다. 그러나 습지의 가치평가는 자연습지에 대해서만 수행되었다. 본 연구에서는 댐도 습지의 기능을 수행한다고 가정하였으며, 이를 댐습지라 정의하고 댐습지에 대한 가치평가를 수행하였다. 가치평가 기법으로는 조건부가치측정법(CVM)을 사용하였으며, 대상지역은 용담댐으로 연구를 수행하였다. 가치평가를 수행하기 위해 6대광역시에서 설문조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 습지생태공원 시나리오에 대한 용담댐습지의 총 가치는 약 420억원으로 나타났다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.157-162
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• 2004

Constructed wetlands are considered as an important tool for wastewater treatment, wastewater management and flooding control. In addition, one of the most promising technologies for application in many countries seems to be constructed wetlands, due to their properties such as utilization of natural processes, simple construction, operation and maintenance, process stability, cost effectiveness, etc. This study considered possibility of treatment of livestock wastewater using a constructed wetland. The removal efficiencies of $COD_{cr}$, TOC, TN, TP, SS, and color were 97.6%, 96.6%, 97.0%, 96.7%, 99.0%, and 85.6%, respectively. In particular, SS was completely removed. However, $Cl^{-}$ concentration of the constructed wetland effluent was higher than that in influent. In conclusion, constructed wetlands could be applied to livestock wastewater treatment if $Cl^{-}$ would be properly treated. Further, it needs time for stabilization to reduce the pollutants which were accumulated in soil.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1994

This study attempted to characterize conflict frames of environmental disputes by examining twelve actual wetland permitting cases in Ohio. The participants consisted of such interested parties as applicants, technical, legal or environmental consultants to applicants, U.S.Army Corps of Engineers, U.S.Environmental Protection Agency, U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service, Ohio Environmental Protection Agency, Ohio Department of Natural Resoures, local agencies, the environmental community, and citizens who have been involved of the permitting process. The purpose of this study is to provide empirical evidence of how different perceptual frames existed in the wetland conversion disputes, and to understand different environmental conflict frames that influenced disputants' perception relating to dispute resolution. The vehicles used to collect the necessary data were three survey instruments : Open-ended questionnaires, Likert-type questionnaires, and ranking questionnaires. Forty-three subjects were contacted for open fact-to-fact interviews, 53 subject for Kikert-type mail survey and 54 subjects for ranking instrument mail survey. Analyses of survey results revealed that six different types of frames were clearly identified from all the parties involved in Ohio wetland conversion disputes. It revealed that disputants had statistically significantly different levels of perception to the frames based on the participants' role (i.e. regulator, applicant, commentor), the number of involved parties in the process, processing time and the issuance of a permit. The findings also revealed that information sharing among disputants played a significant role in the process of froming and reframing. The alternative idea, building cooperation through negotiation, was proposed to provide new insight into the resolution of the dispute.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.367-371
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• 2005

Soil samples were collected from new-developed wetland soil ecosystem of Tamarix chinesis plantation in Chinese Yellow River Delta in different months of 2003. Soil characteristics, temporal change and spatial distribution of microbial community composition and their relationship with nitrogen turnover and circling were investigated in order to analyze and characterize the role of microbial diversity and functioning in the specific soil ecosystem. The result showed that the total population of microbial community in the studied soil was considerably low, compared with common natural ecosystem. The amount of microorganism followed as the order: bacteria> actinomycetes>fungi. Amount of actinomycetes were higher by far than that of fungi. Microbial population remarkably varied in different months. Microbial population of three species in top horizon was corrected to that in deep horizon. Obvious rhizosphere effect was observed and microbial population was significantly higher in rhizosphere than other soils due to vegetation growth, root exudation, and cumulative dead fine roots. Our results demonstrate that microbial diversity is low, while is dominated by specific community in the wetland ecosystem of Tamarix chinesi.