• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.74-79
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• 2004

Dietary flavonoids are currently receiving considerable attention in developing novel cancer-preventive approaches because of their potential capacities to actively induce apoptosis of cancer cells. In our previous report, a flavonoid fraction, which consisted mainly of protocatechuic acid, fustin, fisetin, sulfuretin, and butein and named RCMF (RVS chloroform-methanol fraction), was prepared from a crude acetone extract of Rhus verniciflua Stokes (RVS) that is traditionally used as food additive and herbal medicine. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the RCMF on cell proliferation and apoptosis using SV40-transformed tumorigenic hepatocytes, BNL SV A.8. Tritium uptake assay showing the proliferative capacity of the cells was strongly suppressed in the presence of RCMF. This anti-proliferative effect was further confirmed through trypan blue exclusion. RCMF-mediated suppression of cell growth was verified to be apoptotic, based on the increase in DNA fragmentation, low fluorescence intensity in nuclei after propidium iodide staining, and the appearance of DNA laddering. Collectively, this study demonstrated that RCMF can be approached as a potential agent that is capable of significantly inhibiting cell growth of hepatic cancer cells.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.145-149
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• 2013

A simple reversed phase HPLC method was established for quantitative determination of liquiritigenin (1), genistein (2), isoliquiritigenin (3), and 7-hydroxyflavanone (4) from stems of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn (Leguminosae) using a binary gradient of $H_2O$ and MeOH as a mobile phase with UV detection at 280 nm. All calibration curves showed good linear regression ($r^2$ > 0.998) within test ranges. The detection limits of the four compounds were $0.43{\sim}1.63{\mu}g/mL$. The contents of four flavonoids (1 - 4) from the stem of S. suberectus were 6.54 mg/g, 1.66 mg/g, 6.65 mg/g, and 1.93 mg/g, respectively.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1132-1135
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• 2004

In order to find new tyrosinase inhibitors and the effects of prenyl residue on flavonoid molecules, eight prenylated and three synthetic vinylated flavonoids were examined on their inhibitory effect against tyrosinase activity. From the results, kuwanon C, papyriflavonol A, sanggenon D and sophoflavescenol were found to possess the considerable inhibitory activity. Especially, sanggenon D is revealed as a potent inhibitor ($IC_{50}$ =7.3$\mu$ M), compared to the reference compound, kojic acid ($IC_{50}$ =24.8 $\mu$M). However, the prenylation with isoprenyl group or the vinylation to flavonoid molecules did not enhance tyrosinase inhibitory activity.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2007

Alcoholic extract of Spathodea campanulata P. aerial parts, and two of the isolated fractions from celite column showed strong antioxidant activity (92, 94 & 89% RSA, Radical Scavenging Activity). Phytochemical investigation of chloroform/EtOAc faction of this column led to the isolation of phenolic acids, caffiec acid (1), and ferulic acid (2), fraction EtOAc/MeOH on further fractionation afforded 3 Flavonoids, kampferol 3-O-glucoside (3), quercetin 3-methyl ether (4) and 8-methoxy kampferol 3-O-glucoside (5). The isolated constituents were identified by co chromatography with authentic samples, TLC, PC., UV, MS and $^1H-NMR$. Also the lipoidal matter of the plant was studied. The unsaponifiable matter was found to be mixture of hydrocarbons from $(C_{14}-C_{28})$, cholesterol, campasterol, stigmasterol, and ${\alpha}-amyrin$. Fatty acid methyl esters were found to contain 12 fatty acids. The fatty acids containing $C_{18}$ farmed ca.65% of the total mixture.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.152-167
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• 2004

Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) have attracted great interest in recent researchers as alternative medicines for incurable diseases. This review focuses on qualitative and quantitative analytical approaches for bioactive metabolites of components flavonoids and saponins of traditional Chinese medicines by TLC system, although various methods have been introduced. Emphasis will be put on the processes of metabolite extraction from intestinal bacterial cultures or urines, separation (mobile phase) and detection. The identified metabolites by selection of extraction solvent and detection methods are also discussed. In addition, metabolite determinations of flavonoids (baicalin, apiin, rutin, quercetin, quercitrin, kaempferol, diosmin, hesperidin, poncirin, naringin, puerarin, daidzin, daidzein, tectoridin) and saponins (ginsenosides, kalopanaxsaponins, glycyrrhizin, chiisanoside, saikosaponins, soyasaponins) in culture fluid, in urine and in some herbal formula extracts are summarized. These bioactive metabolites of these components by intestinal microflora should be connected to pharmacological actions.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.593-599
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• 2004

From the EtOAc fraction of the MeOH extract of Albizzia julibrissin (Leguminosae）, a rare 5-deoxyflavone (geraldone, 1）, isookanin (2）, luteolin (3）, an isoflavone (daidzein, 4）, five prenylated flavonoids ［soph6f1avescenol (5）, kurarinone (6）, kurarinol (7）, kuraridin (8） and kuraridinol (9）］, a cerebroside (soya-cerebroside I, 10）, and $(-)-syringaresinol-4-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ (11） were isolated and characterized on the basis of spectral data. Compounds 2, 3, and 11, showed 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.497-502
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• 2006

A new natural C-benzylated chalcone, $2',4'-dihydroxy-3'-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-6{\c}-methoxychalcone$ (2), along with two other flavonoids, tiliroside and kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside, and an oxoaporphine alkaloid, lanuginosine were isolated from the aerial parts of Ellipeiopsis cherrevensis (Annonaceae). Two known polyoxygenated cyclohexene derivatives, ferrudiol and zeylenol, and a new analog, ellipeiopsol D, were also isolated. The chalcone 2 exhibited cytotoxic activity against human small-cell lung-cancer (NCl-H187), epidermoid carcinoma (KB) and breast cancer (BC) cell lines with $IC_{50}$ values of 1.40, 5.31 and $13.92\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. This compound also showed antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum with an $IC_{50}$ value of $7.1\;{\mu}g/mL$ as well as antimicrobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis with a MIC of 25 mg/mL.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.64-70
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• 2020

Citrus junos seeds (CS) have been traditionally used for the treatment of cancer and neuralgia. They are also used to manufacture edible oil and cosmetic perfume. A large amount of CS shells without oil (CSS) are discarded after the oil in CS is used as foods or herbal remedy. To efficiently utilize CSS as a by-products, it needs to be studied through chemical analysis. Therefore, we developed an ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-diode array detection (DAD) method for simultaneous determination and quantitative analysis of five components (two flavonoids and threes limonoids) in CSS. A Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column C18 (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.8 ㎛) was used for this separation. It was maintained at 40 ℃. The mobile phase used for the analysis was distilled water and acetonitrile with gradient elution. To identify the quantity of the five components, a mass spectrometer (MS) with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source was used. The regression equation showed great linearity, with correlation coefficient ≥ 0.9912. Limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) of the five compounds were 0.09 - 0.13 and 0.26 - 0.38 ㎍/mL, respectively. Recoveries of extraction ranged from 97.45% to 101.91%. Relative standard deviation (RSD) values of intra- and inter-day precision were 0.06 - 1.15% and 0.19 - 0.25%, respectively. This UPLC-DAD method can be validated to simultaneously analyze quantities of marker flavonoids and limonoids in CSS.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.337-342
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate total polyphenols, total flavonoid, and DPPH radical scavenging activity in 26 species of Korean natural plants and 14 species of medicinal plant extracts. The plant containing the highest total polyphenols and total flavonoids were Plantago asiatica, and Lespedeza cuneata G. Don, respectively. The content of polyphenols and flavonoids in natural plants was the highest in Lespedeza cuneata G. Don, which also demonstrated high DPPH radical scavenging activity. In medicinal plant extract, Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill and Artemisiae Asiaticae Herba had the highest level of total polyphenols (194.60 and 203.92 mg/g extract, respectively) and DPPH radical scavenging activity. Diospyros kaki Thunb and Dryopteris crassirhizoma did not contain high levels of total polyphenols (112.98, 121.46 mg/g extract, respectively) and flavonoids (46.10, 58.69 mg/g extract respectively), but DPPH radical scavenging activity was relatively high. Further study regarding plants that exhibit higher total polyphenols, total flavonoid, and DPPH radical scavenging activity is needed.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.33 no.2 s.129
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• pp.81-84
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• 2002

Three norisoprenoids (2, 4 and 5) were isolated from the aerial parts of Cirsium rhinoceros (Compositae) together with three flavonoids, pectolinarigenin (1), apigenin (3) and cirsimaritin (6). The structures of norisoprenoids were identified as dehydrovomifoliol (2), (+)-loliolide (4) and (-)-epiloliolide (5) on the basis of physico-chemical and spectral evidences. These norisoprenoids were first repoted from Cirsium species.