• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.128-148
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• 2023

Dementia is an umbrella term that describes the loss of thinking, memory, attention, logical reasoning, and other mental abilities to the extent that it interferes with the activities of daily living. More than 50 million individuals worldwide live with dementia, which is expected to increase to 131 million by 2050. Recent research has shown that poor oral health increases the risk of dementia, while oral health declines with cognitive decline. In this narrative review, the literature was based on the "hypothesis" that dementia and oral health have a close relationship, and appropriate oral health and occlusal rehabilitation treatment can improve the quality of life of patients with dementia and prevent progression. We conducted a literature search in PubMed and Google Scholar databases, using the search terms "dementia," "major neurocognitive disorder," "dentition," "occlusion," "tooth loss," "dental prosthesis," "dental implant," and "occlusal rehabilitation" in the title field over the past 30 years. A total of 131 studies that scientifically addressed dementia, oral health, and/or oral rehabilitation were included. In a meta-analysis, the random effect model demonstrated significant tooth loss increasing the dementia risk 3.64-fold (pooled odds ratio=3.64, 95% confidence interval [2.50~5.32], P-value=0.0348). Tooth loss can be an important indicator of cognitive function decline. As the number of missing teeth increases, the risk of dementia increases. Loss of teeth can lead to a decrease in the ascending information to the brain and reduced masticatory ability, cerebral blood flow, and psychological atrophy. Oral microbiome dysbiosis and migration of key bacterial species to the brain can also cause dementia. Additionally, inflammation in the oral cavity affects the inflammatory response of the brain and the complete body. Conversely, proper oral hygiene management, the placement of dental implants or prostheses to replace lost teeth, and the restoration of masticatory function can inhibit symptom progression in patients with dementia. Therefore, improving oral health can prevent dementia progression and improve the quality of life of patients.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.70
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• pp.467-493
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• 2018

This Study looks into increase of Match-ending type of 'Ureonggaksi' folktale and its secularization focusing on Match-ending types of 71 materials from "The Comprehensive Collection of Korean Folklore"(1979-1985) and 'The Revision And Enlargement project' (2008-2018). This study classifies 'Ureonggaksi' folktale into ones of 1910-70s, 80s, and 2000s. Match-ending types increase in "The Comprehensive Collection of Korean Folklore" and 'The Revision And Enlargement project'. Match-ending types constitute 60% of Ureonggaksi' folktale materials from "The Comprehensive Collection of Korean Folklore" and 'The Revision And Enlargement project', which is twice more than 34% of Parting-ending types. Firstly, taboo motif in Match-ending types is inclined to disappear. Even if taboo motif appears, materials with keeping its taboo are more than breaking one. It means that the function of taboo weakens, since the meaning of sacred wedding is emphasized when it is broken. Desacralization of Ureonggaksi figure is inclined to make the match of hero and heroin recognized as a common one. Increase of match type without taboo motif, and a new Ureonggaksi type in 'The Revision And Enlargement project', Underground monster-defeating type, with a character of Romantic matching narrative, mean Discoloration of Ureonggaksi folktale. Interest and recognition on sacred existence disappears, and there is found the conciousness to pursue happiness in real world through connection between man and woman by realistic world-view. This study contains 37 Ureonggaksi folktales recorded in 'The Revision And Enlargement project' (2008-2018) as material. Furthermore, there are found new Ureonggaksi types in 'The Revision And Enlargement project': Underground monster-defeating type, which is transformed from groom with bird-feather clothes type(a kind of matching-ending type of Ureonggaksi folktale), and the subjugated's resistance awareness weakens and shows a character of Romantic matching narrative.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.69
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• pp.179-204
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• 2017

Hojil(虎叱) and Yangbanjeon(兩班傳) reveal the characteristic styles of Park Jiwon(朴趾源)'s writing, which is combining styles of unofficial history/biography(外傳) and allegory(寓言), and full of the senses of satire and humour which form another characteristc of his writing style or tone. This paper reexamines narrative styles, meaning structures and themes of these two works which combine the styles of unofficial history/biography and allegory, and researches methods and techniques of allegory and satire which presents the subversive and critical themes and thoughts of the author. In Hojil, combining of the two styles, the author constructs the narrative world and plot, manipulates allegoric figures to symbolize and present multilayered meaning, and criticize the decadence of confucian aristocracy [Sadaebu: 士大夫] and it's abuses. In Yangbanjeon by combining of two styles, the author weave a biography of Yangban(兩班) in general, which presents the attributes and historical position of the Yangban class. And by the nonsensical fictional event which caricatures crisis of the Yangban class, and tedious description of the manners and behaviors of the Yangban, the author and satires the snobbery of the Yangban and the absurdity of their classical privileges. As he did in Hojil, the author urges the self-examination of the reader raising a question about the position and the function or duty of the Yangban class in the changing world. And the various skills of satire together with the irony, paradox, parody and pun were used dexterously in above two works.

• Journal of Popular Narrative
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.221-254
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• 2020

This paper finds a solution in the social context which cannot be explained thoroughly by well-timed release date, revival of comedy films, and the attraction of Lee Byeong-heon's comedy etc. while it throws question of how the film, Extreme Job captivated 16 million audience. The incredible hits of Extreme Job cannot be explained by analyzing the text alone. After this essay investigates a function and a role of comedy as a public sphere, it examines people's desires and wishes in the comedy and other genres since 2008 when the conservative government has seized power. Since 2008 a series of dark tone's action thriller, social problem film, and disaster film have emerged, these genres showed absence of public security, crisis of democracy and criticism against rulling class. On the other hand, hit comedy films have showed escapism such as weepie, nostalgia, and fantasy at the same time, generally. Although Veteran (2015) is not full-blown comedy, after this film's big success, "comic mode" has gradually revived. A light tone's films which are truer to genre rules has started representing the wishes of people toward social reforms and changes. Meanwhile, "Candlelight Protest" served as a momentum to recover the democracy which has been in crisis, but it could not lead changes in economic and daily lives. Exreme Job can be read as a question how we will survive since "Candlight Protest." The lives of detectives as self-employed workers who has taken over a fried chicken restaurant for going undercover are appearances of ordinary persons who must survive in the edless conpetition. Furthermore, this film shows a dream of a "great success myth" which becomes well-known as a famous restaurant and a self-management such as brand-naming and an exapansion of franchise business. We can read ganster's chicken franchises as a huge distribution industry which disturbs market system by delivering drugs secretly. While applauses that we give to the police having identities of self-employed workers which sweeps the ganster are giving support to oridinary neighborhood like us, they are also wishes of people who long for the restoration of publicness of police in the market which is becoming increasingly privatized today. A significance of this essay is to examine Extreme Job in terms of the geography of film genres and the revival of comic mode sicne 2008 at the macro level, and is to read the film in the perspective of the problems of economic and daily lives which has been still unsolved since "Candlelight Protest" at the micro level.

• Journal of Popular Narrative
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.429-465
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• 2019

This paper analyzed the ways in which "others" were reproduced in Korean movies in the 1970s. In the midst of the social changes of the era, such as urbanization due to rapid industrial modernization, many people became laborers for industry in order to obtain the fruits of modernization.But the landscape of others, which was inevitably produced in the process of constructing such subjects, has been limited to analysis that is focused on gender and youth discourse. This article aims to extract the landscape of others in the 1970s by adopting a different perspective. The way in which the other is present can be divided into the following two categories. First, in 1970s film, the family community, in contrast with 1960s film, has disintegrated and cracked, due to the inability of others to enter or leave the community. The desperate perception that the family community can no longer function as a stable foundation or center of the constitution, and that it cannot have a sense of security and belonging,is revealed through the way the others are wandering in and out of the community. Second, 'Death' is an element of social life in the violence of the national ideology of the 1970s, and the everyday exceptional state. The way in which the 'other' is completely eliminated from the normal subjectivity requested by the state and is deported in film reflectshow everyday death or potential death is part of life of the 1970s. Normal life pursued through rapid urbanization and industrialization leads to the death of the other beings, but the way of existence of others is the desperate reality of the 1970s, when the boundaries of the state that provide stability and belonging are broken. As a result, the landscape of others in the 1970s reveals a violent reality that destroys the perfect middle class family discourse that industrial modernization was oriented around in the 1970s, and that produced masses of others who caused numerous deaths. In spite of regime censorship, Korean films were popularly revealing the violence of life brought in by the 1970s, following a detour of representation.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.22
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• pp.31-45
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• 2011

The paper holds its purpose to analyze the descriptive function and meaning of first person animation which the focalizer, character, and all narrators are indicated as 'I', For the purpose, the following was reviewed; the relation between 'I' as child memorizing the days of childhood as adult and the current 'I' as adult, and the aesthetic effect of experience and sense of the child on the audience reading the narration. The retrospective narrating situation of the adult narrator brings descriptive effect which comes from 'the tension between the experiencing self (self as child) and the narrative self (self as adult). The works focus on the content of child experience through the confession of the adult narrator, but the view of the adult always heading towards 'the present'. That is, the aesthetics contained by the first person narrator is related to endless arousal of the values of hidden and forgotten things. In addition, the descriptive method of child focalizer as 'the subject of experience' brings qualitative change which enables reasoning of the subject as itself, which is free from the view tamed by rational system. Becoming an adult, the lost ability of mimesis brings qualitative change by meeting with the generality of childhood sense. Therefore, it can be known that the meaning the narrator contains in the first person narrator condition of animation links with the degree of aesthetic completion of the work, but also, it is a highly strategic descriptive device which determinately affects even the acceptance of audiences regarding the work.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.226-241
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• 2010

This study details the history and characteristics of consumption values, text style analyses, and appeal types expressed in magazine commercials from 1955 to 2008. This study analyzes the level of the social structure of commercial expression for each period. Consumption values based on the categories of consumption values by Sheth (1991) were classified through a total commercials analysis. Analyses on closing types of sentences, types of sentences, and rhetorical figures were executed focusing on headline text and text style. Appealing types were composed of rational, emotional, and ethical appeals. For analysis, the crosstab analysis and chi-square test of SPSS are used. The results are as follow. Seven values were constructed, functional value, social value, emotional value, conditional value, epistemic value, fashionable value, and indistinct value. The ratio of emotional value was the highest and functional value, epistemic value conditional value, fashionable value, social value, and indistinct value followed. The emotional value social value, conditional value, fashionable value, and epistemic value that focused on the emotion of consumers increased, while the functional value decreased. Sentences that use narrative styles, hyperboles, and metaphors that increased the interest of readers were dominantly used in the headline texts. For sentence expression, a declarative sentence in a sentence type, exciting curiosity in the expression method where hyperbole and figures of speech in rhetorical expressions are used most often. Emotional appeal was used almost twice more than the reasonable appeal for appeal types of the total commercial. The lower level of reasonable appeal is information that provides the product function. Interest and expression (such as pleasure and achievement) were used most often for emotional appeal. These results show that the most important issue is the emotional value in consumption in understanding the consumer. Marketing managers should also be aware of the functional value as well as an emotional value.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.59
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• pp.183-211
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• 2015

This paper is to clarify the literary value of sino-korean poems interposed in Changseongamuirok. As the author of Changseongamuirok is thought to be a person with considerable knowledge of sino-korean literature, the sino-korean poems interposed in Changseongamuirok can be the clue to examine his literary ability. Furthermore, evaluation on the sino-korean poems interposed in Changseongamuirok can have the verification of Changseongamuirok's literary value and of the author's ability to create novels and to compose literary pieces be possible, and is thought to help determining who wrote Changseongamuirok. The sino-korean poems interposed in Changseongamuirok is not necessary parts for composition or development of the entire piece but additional parts for explaining and verifying characters and situations. Functions and roles of the interposed sino-korean poems are indeed very limited, but it is thought that the reason the author interposed such sino-korean poems into the piece is that those poems perform functions more than superficial limited ones. When the composition of Changseongamuirok and the literary achievement of its interposed sino-korean poems are examined, it can be thought that the author of Changseongamuirok achieved the level of professional novel writer. From the point of view, it can be said that Changseongamuirok was written in the time closer to the $19^{th}$ century than to the $17^{th}$ century and that the author also had literary and narrative creativity with considerable sino-korean literary ability. Such an author adopted sino-korean poems since he thought those interposed sino-korean poems took important roles for strengthening novelistic value and literary excitement. Further and deeper interests in and researches on sino-korean poems interposed into novels of Joseon dynasty period are expected.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.67-75
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• 2020

Metonymy can be said to be the only language's meaning shifting technique that exists in the domain of a single human thought in order to obtain a transparent cognitive effect. The purpose of this study was to analyze the 'descriptive metonymy' of the advertising content language constructed by the cognitive principle and to find a way to use it in media language education for social and cultural interests and reflection of college students. The metonymy used in advertising media contrasts with the difficulty of the metaphorical interpretation of "opaque and distant" reasoning. Storyboards, mostly focused on human emotions and behaviors, used metonymy's 'transparent and easy meaning shifting technique'. I have found that I can expect the efficiency of media language education that contains the interest and sociocultural interest, self-reflection, and future imagination of college students. Now, there is less need to perform cognitive reasoning for advertisements with ambiguous metaphor techniques. Lastly, in order to produce successful advertising content, we expect to use the language technique of 'narrative metonymy' with warm feelings of humans, and acknowledge the lack of quantitative research and leave it as a task for the next research.

• Trans-
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• v.14
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• pp.93-122
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• 2023

Children's films can be found by country and region within the scope of world films, but children's films have different definitions depending on the country and region. For example, American children's films represented by Disney are mainly aimed at satisfying the joys of children and families.Chinese children's films place more importance on the educational role of children. Although the purpose is different, children's films in the general sense are films that main audiences are children and are created for children. Children's films in Iran differ greatly from ordinary children's films. It indirectly expresses the creator's intention by reflecting reality while looking at the adult world through the eyes of children. This special function is a children's visual language that indirectly conveys the creator's thoughts. The use of children's perspective is a kind of special strategy, paving the way for Iranian films to survive in a special creative environment, and creating unique characteristics of Iranian films. Among the numerous Iranian directors who make children's films, Majid Majidi is one of the representative directors with personal characteristics. Of his nine Iranian films written and directed, five are children's films.At the same time, in his other Iranian films, we can more or less see the traces of children and children's perspective of the narrative and performance.Looking at the use of children's vision in Iranian films, the use of children's vision in Iranian films began with children's films and developed in Iranian children's films and other genres of Iranian films.