• 제목/요약/키워드: NF-E2-related factor 2

검색결과 88건 처리시간 0.024초

Rhizopus oryzae으로 발효한 울금의 항산화 및 항염효과 (Anti-oxidative and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Fermented Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) by Rhizopus oryzae)

  • 김은주;송빛나;정다솜;김소영;조용식;박신영
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제27권11호
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    • pp.1315-1323
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    • 2017
  • 본 연구의 목적은 울금의 발효를 통해 쓴맛의 관능적 기호도를 향상시키면서, 발효 울금의 항산화 및 항염효능 검증을 위한 것으로, 발효 울금의 관능적 기호도 확인을 위해 맛센서 분석과 항산화 평가를 위해 총 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량 및 DPPH radical 소거능, 지표성분 검출을 위해 HPLC분석을 진행하였고, 항염증평가는 RAW 264.7 세포에서 LPS에 의해 유도되는 염증인자인 NO, $PGE_2$, iNOS, COX-2, $NF-{\kappa}B$, IL-6와 $TNF-{\alpha}$에 대한 감소효과를 측정하였다. 실험결과 Rhizopus oryzae로 울금의 발효가 진행 될수록 쓴맛이 감소함을 보였다. 총 폴리페놀, 플라보노이드 함량과 DPPH radical 소거능은 비 발효 울금보다 울금 발효 1, 3일차에 증가함을 보였다. 발효 기간별 발효 울금은 10, 50, $100{\mu}g/ml$ 모든 농도에서 세포독성이 나타내지 않았다. RAW 264.7 세포에 LPS로 유도된 염증인자인 $NF-{\kappa}B$, IL-6와 $TNF-{\alpha}$ 생성량이 발효 기간별 발효 울금의 염증인자 생성억제를 평가한 결과 $NF-{\kappa}B$와 IL-6에서 발효 울금 $100{\mu}g/ml$에서 현저히 생성량이 억제되었다. LPS로 유도된 cytokines 억제효과를 보인 발효 기간별 발효 울금($100{\mu}g/ml$)의 NO, $PGE_2$ 생성억제를 평가한 결과, 대조군과 비교해 LPS를 처리한 군에서 NO, $PGE_2$의 생성이 현저히 증가되었고, 울금 에탄올 추출물에 의해 유의성 있는 생성억제효과를 보였고 비 발효에 비해 발효 울금의 생성억제 효과를 보였다. 또한 COX-2와 iNOS의 단백질 발현 억제효과를 확인한 결과, 대조군과 비교해 LPS에 의해 증가 된 COX-2와 iNOS의 단백질발현이 발효 울금에 의해 감소됨을 확인하였다. 위 결과 발효 울금은 RAW 264.7 세포에서 LPS에 의해 유도되는 NO와 $PGE_2$의 생성억제, iNOS와 COX-2의 발현을 억제시켰으며, $NF-{\kappa}B$, IL-6와 $TNF-{\alpha}$의 분비량도 억제시켰다. 이는 발효 울금의 항산화와 항염증성을 입증하기 위한 기초자료로 활용이 가능하다고 사료된다.

The Candidate Tumor Suppressor Gene SLC8A2 Inhibits Invasion, Angiogenesis and Growth of Glioblastoma

  • Qu, Mingqi;Yu, Ju;Liu, Hongyuan;Ren, Ying;Ma, Chunxiao;Bu, Xingyao;Lan, Qing
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • 제40권10호
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    • pp.761-772
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    • 2017
  • Glioblastoma is the most frequent and most aggressive brain tumor in adults. Solute carrier family 8 member 2 (SLC8A2) is only expressed in normal brain, but not present in other human normal tissues or in gliomas. Therefore, we hypothesized that SLC8A2 might be a glioma tumor suppressor gene and detected the role of SLC8A2 in glioblastoma and explored the underlying molecular mechanism. The glioblastoma U87MG cells stably transfected with the lentivirus plasmid containg SLC8A2 (U87MG-SLC8A2) and negative control (U87MG-NC) were constructed. In the present study, we found that the tumorigenicity of U87MG in nude mice was totally inhibited by SLC8A2. Overexpression of SLC8A2 had no effect on cell proliferation or cell cycle, but impaired the invasion and migration of U87MG cells, most likely through inactivating the extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK)1/2 signaling pathway, inhibiting the nuclear translocation and DNA binding activity of nuclear factor kappa B ($NF-{\kappa}B$), reducing the level of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA)-its receptor (uPAR) system (ERK1/2-$NF-{\kappa}B$-MMPs/uPA-uPAR), and altering the protein levels of epithelial to mesenchymal transitions (EMT)-associated proteins E-cardherin, vimentin and Snail. In addition, SLC8A2 inhibited the angiogenesis of U87MG cells, probably through combined inhibition of endothelium-dependent and endothelium-nondependent angiogenesis (vascular mimicry pattern). Totally, SLC8A2 serves as a tumor suppressor gene and inhibits invasion, angiogenesis and growth of glioblastoma.

진피 메탄올 추출물의 활성산소종 생성을 통한 인체 백혈병 세포의 apoptosis 유발 (Induction of Apoptosis by Citri Pericarpium Methanol Extract through Reactive Oxygen Species Generation in U937 Human Leukemia Cells)

  • 김가희;이문희;한민호;박철;홍수현;최영현
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제23권8호
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    • pp.1057-1063
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    • 2013
  • 진피(Citri Pericarpium)의 항암작용 기전 해석을 위하여 U937 백혈병 세포의 apoptosis 유발에 미치는 메탄올 추출물(EMCP)의 영향을 조사하였으며, apoptosis 조절에 중요한 몇 가지 유전자들의 발현 및 활성 변화, ROS의 생성 변화를 조사하였다. EMCP 처리에 의한 U937 세포의 증식 억제는 apoptosis 유도와 연관성이 있음을 DAPI 염색을 통한 apoptotic body 출현의 증가 및 Flow cytometry 분석에 의한 Sub-G1기 세포 빈도의 증가로 확인하였다. EMCP 처리에 의한 apoptosis 유도에서 Bax 발현 증가, caspases의 활성 및 PARP의 단편화 등이 동반되었으며, ROS 생성의 증가와 연관성이 있었다. 산화적 손상에 대해 세포나 조직을 보호하는 역할을 하는 것으로 알려진 세포 내 항산화 효소인 HO-1의 발현이 EMCP의 처리에 의해 증가되었으나 ROS 생성 억제제인 NAC의 전처리에 의해 감소된 HO-1의 발현은 전사인자인 Nrf2의 핵으로의 이동 억제와 관련되어 있었다. 이상의 결과에서 EMCP 처리에 의한 U937 세포의 apoptosis 유발에는 ROS 생성의 증가와 pNrf2에 의해 조절되는 HO-1의 발현 증가가 중요한 기전으로 작용한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 자료는 진피의 항암기전 해석을 이해하는데 중요한 기초자료로서 활용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

Antinociceptive and neuroprotective effects of bromelain in chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain in Wistar rats

  • Bakare, Ahmed Olalekan;Owoyele, Bamidele Victor
    • The Korean Journal of Pain
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    • 제33권1호
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    • pp.13-22
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    • 2020
  • Background: The continuous search for a novel neuropathic pain drug with few or no side effects has been a main focus of researchers for decades. This study investigated the antinociceptive and neuroprotective effects of bromelain in sciatic nerve ligation-induced neuropathic pain in Wistar rats. Methods: Forty-eight Wistar rats randomly divided into eight groups comprised of six animals each were used for this study. Peripheral neuropathy was induced via chronic constriction of the common sciatic nerve. Thermal hyperalgesic and mechanical allodynia were assessed using a hotplate and von Frey filaments, respectively. The functional recovery and structural architecture of the ligated sciatic nerve were evaluated using the sciatic functional index test and a histological examination of the transverse section of the sciatic nerve. The neuroprotective effects of bromelain were investigated in the proximal sciatic nerve tissue after 21 days of treatment. Results: Bromelain significantly (P < 0.05) attenuated both the thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynic indices of neuropathic pain. There were improvements in sciatic function and structural integrity in rats treated with bromelain. These rats showed significant (P < 0.05) increases in sciatic nerve nuclear transcription factors (nuclear factor erythroid-derived-2-related factors-1 [NrF-1] and NrF-2), antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and glutathione), and reduced membranelipid peroxidation compared with the ligated control group. Conclusions: This study suggest that bromelain mitigated neuropathic pain by enhancing the activities of nuclear transcription factors (NrF-1 and NrF-2) which increases the antioxidant defense system that abolish neuronal stress and structural disorganization.

치주염 원인균 LPS-PG로 유도된 인체 치은섬유아세포에서 연뿌리 추출물에 대한 항염증 및 항산화 효과 (Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidative Effects of Lotus Root Extract in LPS-PG-Stimulated Human Gingival Fibroblast-1 Cells)

  • 이영경;김철환;정대원;이기원;오영택;김정일;정진우
    • 한국자원식물학회지
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    • 제35권5호
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    • pp.565-573
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    • 2022
  • 치주조직에 존재하는 주요한 세포의 한 형태인 인체 치은섬유아세포는 다양한 구강유해세균으로부터 염증이 유발되어지며, 그중 대표적으로 치주염 원인균인 P. gingivalis의 내독소인 LPS-PG로부터 염증성 자극에 반응하여 다양한 염증매개 물질을 분비한다. 본 연구에서는 치주염을 일으키는 주요한 원인균 중 하나인 P. gingivalis로 부터 분리한 LPS-PG를 이용하여 인체 치은섬유아세포주인 HGF-1 세포에 염증을 유도한 후 LRE에 대한 항염증 및 항산화 효과를 분석하였다. 실험 결과, LRE는 LPS-PG 유도에 따라 iNOS에 의한 NO 생성과 COX-2에 의한 PGE2와 같은 염증 매개 인자의 발현 및 생성 억제와 함께 염증성 싸이토카인(TNF-α, IL-1β및 IL-6)의 생성 또한 억제하였다. 신호전달계에서 염증성 전사인자의 발현 경로를 확인하기 위하여 TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB의 활성을 확인한 결과, LRE 처리에 따라 농도 의존적으로 억제되는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 산화 환원 효소로 항염증효과를 나타내는 것으로 알려진2상 효소 중 하나인 NQO-1과 이의 전사인자인 Nrf2를 분석 한 결과 LRE 처리에 의해 효소의 활성이 높아지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 결론적으로 LRE는 TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB 신호전달 경로를 억제하고 NQO1/Nrf2 활성을 유도함으로써 HGF-1 세포에서 LPS-PG에 의해 유도된 염증을 억제하는 것으로 사료되며, 향후 LRE는 식·의약품 소재 개발에서 치주질환 개선의 가능성이 있는 후보물질이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Nrf2 영구 넉다운 난소암 세포주의 Proteasome 저해 항암제 Bortezomib에 대한 감수성 증가 (Enhanced Sensitivity to Proteasome Inhibitor Bortezomib in Nrf2 Knockdown Ovarian Cancer Cells)

  • 이상환;최보현;곽미경
    • 약학회지
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    • 제55권6호
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    • pp.466-472
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    • 2011
  • NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a master regulator of antioxidant genes in animals, has been associated with the resistance of cancer cells to several cytotoxic chemotherapeutics. Bortezomib, a reversible inhibitor of the 26S proteasome, is a novel class anti-cancer therapeutics approved for the treatment of refractory multiple myeloma. However, the molecular mechanism of drug-resistance remains elusive. In the present study, bortezomib sensitivity has been investigated in Nrf2 knockdown ovarian cancer cells. When Nrf2 expression is stably repressed using interfering RNA expression, bortezomib-induced apoptosis and cell death were significantly enhanced compared to nonspecific RNA control cells. Knockdown cells showed elevated expression in the catalytic subunit PSMB5, PSMB6, and PSMB7 compared to the control, and failed to induce heme oxygenase-1 expression following bortezomib treatment. These indicate that differential proteasome levels and altered expression of stress-response genes could be underlying mechanisms of bortezomib sensitization in Nrf2-inhibited ovarian cancer cells.

동백꽃 추출물의 신생혈관생성 및 세포부착 억제 효과 (Anti-Angiogenic and Anti-Cell Adhesion Effect of the Camellia japonica Flower Extract)

  • 허인도;서효진;김종덕
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제17권8호통권88호
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    • pp.1152-1156
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    • 2007
  • 본 실험은 동백꽃의 효능을 알아보기 위하여, 동백꽃을 에틸알콜로써 추출한 후 극성이 다른 다양한 유기용매로 분획하여 나온 fraction으로 신생혈관생성 억제, cell cytotoxity, 세포부착분자에 대한 기능을 ELISA, westen blot 등으로 조사하였다. 신생혈관생성 억제 효과는 특히butanol 층에서 70.2%로 가장 높았으며, acetone층이 54.2%, 그리고 ethylacetate층이 37.0%, chloroform층이 21.2%로 유의성 있는 억제효과가 있었다. 특히 동백꽃의 butanol층은 신생혈관생성억제제로서 좋은 효과가 있는 것으로 판단된다. 그리고, 추출물의 농도별로 cell cytotoxity를 조사한 결과 농도가 200 ug/ml 이하에서 세포독성은 나타나지 않았다. Cell adhesion 저해율은 추출물의 농도 200 μg/mL 에서 ICAM-1은 52.9%, VCAM-1은 62.5%, 그리고 E-selectin은 35.7%로 나타났으며 동백꽃의 추출물의 성분 증가에 따라 발현이 감소됨으로써 cell adhesion을 저해하는 것으로 확인되었다. Westen blot 에서 첨가한 동백꽃 추출물의 농도가 높아질수록 신호전달분자의 발현이 약해지는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 따라서 신호전달 분자는 동백꽃 추출물에 의해서 신호전달이 차단되며, NF-KB를 억제함으로서 신생혈관생성을 저해하는 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 동백꽃 추출물은 항암제 및 항비만제제로서 유용할 것으로 판단된다.

Inhibition of inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 cells by Pinus densiflora root extract

  • Lee, Jae-Eun;Lee, Eun-Ho;Park, Hye-Jin;Kim, Ye-Jin;Jung, Hee-Young;Ahn, Dong-Hyun;Cho, Young-Je
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • 제61권3호
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    • pp.275-281
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    • 2018
  • Pinus densiflora root (PDR) is used as a medicinal plant. In this study, we investigated whether the PDR extract has anti-inflammatory activities. Cell viability assays showed that the extract was not toxic toward RAW 264.7 cells at concentrations up to $10{\mu}g/mL$. At $10{\mu}g/mL$, the extract decreased nitric oxide (NO) content to 40% of the control level. The protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which generates NO, decreased with increasing concentrations of the extract. Prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$) levels were significantly inhibited by over 50% in the presence of $10{\mu}g/mL$ of the extract. The protein expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which generates $PGE_2$, decreased with increasing concentrations of the extract. Proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha ($TNF-{\alpha}$), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and $IL-1{\beta}$, were detected in RAW 264.7 cells after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. The extract did not affect the levels of $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-6, but it significantly inhibited the level of $IL-1{\beta}$. It also completely inhibited the transcription of nuclear factor-kappaB ($NF-{\kappa}B$). These results indicate that the PDR extract reduces inflammatory response-related proteins, such as NO, $PGE_2$, iNOS, and COX-2, in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells via the regulation of $NF-{\kappa}B$. Consequently, we have provided a mechanism to explain the anti-inflammatory effect of the PDR extract; that is, it exerts such an effect by regulating $NF-{\kappa}B$. The PDR extract can therefore be considered as an effective anti-inflammatory agent.

Dendrobium moniliforme Stem Extract Inhibits Lipoteichoic Acid-Induced Inflammatory Responses by Upregulation of Heme Oxygenase-1

  • Lee, Young Ji;Kim, Ji-Hee;Kim, YoungHee
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제28권8호
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    • pp.1310-1317
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    • 2018
  • The stems of Dendrobium moniliforme have been used in traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of fever and lack of body fluid in Korea. In this study, we investigated anti-inflammatory effects of the aqueous extract of D. moniliforme stems (DM) in response to lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a major constituent of the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria. DM inhibited LTA-induced expression of a pro-inflammatory mediator inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the murine macrophages. And DM induced expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) at the transcriptional level. Conversely, the knockdown of HO-1 expression by siRNA markedly reversed the inhibitory effects of DM on LTA-induced iNOS expression. We also demonstrated that nuclear translocation of Nrf2 was increased following treatment with DM. In addition, DM-mediated Nrf2 activation and HO-1 expression were suppressed by PI3K/Akt and p38 inhibitors; treatment with DM also resulted in phosphorylation of Akt and p38. These results suggest that DM inhibits the expression of iNOS in LTA-stimulated macrophages, and that these effects are mediated by the upregulation of HO-1 expression via PI3K/Akt/p38-Nrf2 signaling.

Intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of Sasa quelpaertensis leaf extract by suppressing lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory mediators in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells co-cultured with RAW 264.7 macrophage cells

  • Kim, Kyung-Mi;Kim, Yoo-Sun;Lim, Ji Ye;Min, Soo Jin;Ko, Hee-Chul;Kim, Se-Jae;Kim, Yuri
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.3-10
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    • 2015
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, involves chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Previously, Sasa quelpaertensis leaves have been shown to mediate anti-inflammation and anti-cancer effects, although it remains unclear whether Sasa leaves are able to attenuate inflammation-related intestinal diseases. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of Sasa quelpaertensis leaf extract (SQE) using an in vitro co-culture model of the intestinal epithelial environment. MATERIALS/METHODS: An in vitro co-culture system was established that consisted of intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells and RAW 264.7 macrophages. Treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce inflammation. RESULTS: Treatment with SQE significantly suppressed the secretion of LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$), IL-6, and IL-$1{\beta}$ in co-cultured RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ were down-regulated in response to inhibition of $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ phosphorylation by SQE. Compared with two bioactive compounds that have previously been identified in SQE, tricin and P-coumaric acid, SQE exhibited the most effective anti-inflammatory properties. CONCLUSIONS: SQE exhibited intestinal anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting various inflammatory mediators mediated through nuclear transcription factor kappa-B (NF-kB) activation. Thus, SQE has the potential to ameliorate inflammation-related diseases, including IBD, by limiting excessive production of pro-inflammatory mediators.