• 가정간호학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.177-185
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• 2016

Purpose: In this study, we sought to identify the impact of aging anxiety and successful aging on the personality traits of elderly. Method: Subjects were 108 elderly persons aged more than 65 years. Data collected from June to November 2015 were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: With regard to the mean scores of personality traits, conscientiousness yielded the highest score, and neuroticism the lowest. The mean score on aging anxiety was below average, and that on successful aging was above average. Aging anxiety differed significantly according to age, present job, economic status, and health status. Successful aging differed significantly according to having a spouse, economic status, and health status. Significant correlations were found between anxiety and conscientiousness, extraversion, and neuroticism, and between successful aging and conscientiousness, agreeableness, extraversion, openness, and neuroticism. Conscientiousness and neuroticism had an effect on aging anxiety (23.2%), whereas conscientiousness, agreeableness, extraversion, openness, and neuroticism affected aging anxiety (45.3%). Conclusion: These findings indicate that personality traits reduce aging anxiety and lead to successful aging among elderly.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.203-212
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• 2007

돼지의 부분육의 중량과 수율의 개량을 위하여 생체에서 이를 측정할 수 있는 수단이 필요하다. 4개의 교잡 계통돈 돼지 432두에 대하여 시기별 생체 측정치와 도축자료를 조사하였다. 생체중 및 도체중 그리고 부분육의 중량은 도축일령에 의해 영향을 거의 모두 받고 있지만 수율에 있어서는 삼겹살과 목심에만 유의성있게 영향하는 것으로 나타났다. 부분육의 형질과 시기별 생체 측정치간의 상관 조사에서 대부분의 체측정치에서 검정 종료시의 측정치가 다른 시기의 측정치보다 상관이 높게 나타났고, 부분육 형질의 예측을 위한 회귀식에서도 검정 개시와 출하시의 체측정치 보다 검정 종료시 체측정치를 이용하였을 때 결정계수가 모든 부분육의 형질에서 높아 가장 정확하게 추정하였다. 부분육 형질을 평균 출하일령으로 보정한 뒤, 검정 종료시 체측정치의 3차 다항회귀 식에 의한 부분육 형질의 예측에서 중량과 수율의 결정계수가 각각 0.59~0.68과 0.33~0.43의 범위를 보여주어 이를 돼지의 부분육 형질의 개량을 위해 활용하면 국내 선호부위가 우수한 한국형 종돈의 생산이 기대된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.303-309
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• 2014

The increasing importance of meat quality has implications for animal breeding programs. Research has revealed much about the genetic background of pigs, and many studies have revealed the importance of various genetic factors. Since meat quality is a complex trait which is affected by many factors, consideration of the overall phenotype is very useful to study meat quality. For integrating the phenotypes, we used principle component analysis (PCA). The significant SNPs refer to results of the GRAMMAR method against PC1, PC2 and PC3 of 14 meat quality traits of 181 Duroc pigs. The Genome-wide association study (GWAS) found 26 potential SNPs affecting various meat quality traits. The loci identified are located in or near 23 genes. The SNPs associated with meat quality are in or near five genes (ANK1, BMP6, SHH, PIP4K2A, and FOXN2) and have been reported previously. Twenty-five of the significant SNPs also located in meat quality-related QTL regions, these result supported the QTL effect indirectly. Each single gene typically affects multiple traits. Therefore, it is a useful approach to use integrated traits for the various traits at the same time. This innovative approach using integrated traits could be applied on other GWAS of complex-traits including meat-quality, and the results will contribute to improving meat-quality of pork.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.107-115
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to find and compare the differences in stress level, stressor, and coping style of high school students according to their personality traits. And to identify the personality traits contributing to stress reduction. The results of the study can be used as basic data for reducing the stress of adolescents to improve their academic achievement and maintain mental and physical stability. The questionnaire survey was conducted for 10 days from June 7 to June 16, 2017 for S high school students in Chungbuk Province. The study employed four measuring instruments as Ego-gram, Ok-gram, stressor scale, and stress coping type scale. Individual personality traits were classified into ego-states and ok-states in TA (Transactional Analysis). Stressors are classified into 5 categories (school life, home life, human relationship, myself, environment) and stress coping styles are classified into 4 categories (problem-focused coping, social-support coping, feeling-focused coping, hope-thinking coping) used in the previous studies. The collected data were analyzed using T-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. As a result, the stress level of high school students showed significant differences according to sex, year, grade, sleeping time, personality traits, and coping styles. Personality traits that contributed to the stress increase were NP, AC, 'you positive', 'i negative' and personality trait that contributes to stress reduction is 'you negative.' Therefore, we can judge that individual personality traits have significant effects on stress level, stressor, and coping style and need to find the effective stress management method suitable for individual personality traits using counseling, repetition training, self-suggestion etc.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.1852-1862
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate a single step genome-wide association study (ssGWAS) for identifying genomic regions affecting reproductive traits in Landrace and Large White pigs. Methods: The traits included the number of pigs weaned per sow per year (PWSY), the number of litters per sow per year (LSY), pigs weaned per litters (PWL), born alive per litters (BAL), non-productive day (NPD) and wean to conception interval per litters (W2CL). A total of 321 animals (140 Landrace and 181 Large White pigs) were genotyped with the Illumina Porcine SNP 60k BeadChip, containing 61,177 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), while multiple traits single-step genomic BLUP method was used to calculate variances of 5 SNP windows for 11,048 Landrace and 13,985 Large White data records. Results: The outcome of ssGWAS on the reproductive traits identified twenty-five and twenty-two SNPs associated with reproductive traits in Landrace and Large White, respectively. Three known genes were identified to be candidate genes in Landrace pigs including retinol binding protein 7, and ubiquitination factor E4B genes for PWL, BAL, W2CL, and PWSY and one gene, solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 6A1, for LSY and NPD. Meanwhile, five genes were identified to be candidate genes in Large White, two of which, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A3 and leucine rich repeat kinase 1, associated with all of six reproduction traits and three genes; retrotransposon Gag like 4, transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 5, and LHFPL tetraspan subfamily member 1 for five traits except W2CL. Conclusion: The genomic regions identified in this study provided a start-up point for marker assisted selection and estimating genomic breeding values for improving reproductive traits in commercial pig populations.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.974-981
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• 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate genetic parameters of growth traits for improving selective breeding in olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus produced in April 2019. The total length and body weight at 11-, 18-, and 22-months-old were measured for 7,479, 2,831 and 1,904 individuals, respectively. Since 2004, we have been conducting a selective breeding program to improve growth traits in the olive flounder. Data were analyzed using the restricted maximum likelihood method using the multiple traits animal model. The effect of sex and production period showed significant differences in all traits (P<0.05). The heritability of all traits was 0.428-0.520, which is relatively high by measurement month. Therefore, it is considered that individual selection will be more advantageous than family selection. However, to maintain an appropriate degree of inbreeding and genetic diversity for future generations, it is necessary to consider family selection adequately. Results of the correlation analysis between the same traits according to the measurement period indicated that considering production costs such as feed cost, selection at 18-months-old will be advantageous. Olive flounder is a major aquaculture species in Korea, and continuous selective breeding research is essential to improve productivity.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권8호
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• pp.1156-1166
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• 2023

Objective: Pork belly is a cut of meat with high worldwide demand. However, although the belly is comprised of multiple muscles and fat, unlike the loin muscle, research on their genetic parameters has yet to focus on a representative cut. To use swine breeding, it is necessary to estimate heritability against pork belly traits. Moreover, estimating genetic correlations is needed to identify genetic relationship among the traditional carcass and meat quality traits. This study sought to estimate the heritability of the carcass, belly, and their component traits, as well as the genetic correlations among them, to confirm whether these traits can be improved. Methods: A total of 543 Yorkshire pigs (406 castrated males and 137 females) from 49 sires and 244 dam were used in this study. To estimate genetic parameters, a total of 12 traits such as lean meat production ability, meat quality and pork belly traits were chosen. The heritabilities were estimated by using genome-wide efficient mixed model association software. The statistical model was selected so that farm, carcass weight, sex, and slaughter season were fixed effects. In addition, its genetic parameters were calculated via MTG2 software. Results: The heritability estimates for the 7th belly slice along the whole plate and its components were low to moderate (0.07±0.07 to 0.33±0.07). Moreover, the genetic correlations among the carcass and belly traits were moderate to high (0.28±0.20 to 0.99±0.31). Particularly, the rectus abdominis muscle exhibited a high absolute genetic correlation with the belly and meat quality (0.73±52 to 0.93±0.43). Conclusion: A moderate to high correlation coefficient was obtained based on the genetic parameters. The belly could be genetically improved to contain a larger proportion of muscle regardless of lean meat production ability.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.543-555
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• 2010

The objectives of this research were the estimation of genetic parameters and trends for weaning-to-first service interval (WSI), and litter traits in a commercial swine population composed of Landrace (L), Large White (T), LT, and TL animals in Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand. The dataset contained 4,399 records of WSI, number of piglets born alive (NBA), litter weight of live piglets at birth (LBW), number of piglets at weaning (NPW), and litter weight at weaning (LWW). Variance and covariance components were estimated with REML using 2-trait analyses. An animal model was used for WSI and a sire-dam model for litter traits. Fixed effects were farrowing year-season, breed group of sow, breed group of boar (litter traits), parity, heterosis (litter traits), sow age, and lactation length (NPW and LWW). Random effects were boar (litter traits), sow, permanent environment, and residual. Heritabilities for direct genetic effects were low for WSI (0.04${\pm}$0.02) and litter traits (0.05${\pm}$0.02 to 0.06${\pm}$0.02). Most heritabilities for maternal litter trait effects were 20% to 50% lower than their direct counterparts. Repeatability for WSI was similar to its heritability. Repeatabilities for litter traits ranged from 0.15${\pm}$0.02 to 0.18${\pm}$F0.02. Direct genetic, permanent environment, and phenotypic correlations between WSI and litter traits were near zero. Direct genetic correlations among litter traits ranged from 0.56${\pm}$0.20 to 0.95${\pm}$0.05, except for near zero estimates between NBA and LWW, and LBW and LWW. Maternal, permanent environment, and phenotypic correlations among litter traits had similar patterns of values to direct genetic correlations. Boar genetic trends were small and significant only for NBA (-0.015${\pm}$0.005 piglets/yr, p<0.004). Sow genetic trends were small, negative, and significant (-0.036${\pm}$0.013 d/yr, p<0.01 for WSI; -0.017${\pm}$0.005 piglets/yr, p<0.007, for NBA; -0.015${\pm}$0.005 kg/yr, p<0.01, for LBW; -0.019${\pm}$0.008 piglets/yr, p<0.02, for NPW; and -0.022${\pm}$0.006 kg/yr, p<0.003, for LWW). Permanent environmental correlations were small, negative, and significant only for WSI (-0.028${\pm}$0.011 d/yr, p<0.02). Environmental trends were positive and significant only for litter traits (p<0.01 to p<0.0003). Selection based on predicted genetic values rather than phenotypes could be advantageous in this population. A single trait analysis could be used for WSI and a multiple trait analysis could be implemented for litter traits.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.361-371
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• 2021

지금까지 교육커뮤니케이션 연구는 주로 교수자에 초점을 두어왔다. 학습효과의 극대화를 위해서는 교수자 뿐아니라 학습자의 특성에 대한 고려도 필요하다. 이 연구는 학생들을 성격요인과 커뮤니케이션 특성에 따라 각기 상이한 특징을 갖는 유형으로 구분하고, 각 유형에 따라 교수자의 특성이 교수자 평가 및 수업 평가에 미치는 차별적 영향에 대해 탐색하였다. 연구문제에 답하기 위해 대학생들을 상대로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 수집된 자료는 군집분석과 회귀분석을 통해 분석되었다. 군집분석 결과 학생들의 성격요인중 개방성을 제외한 4개요인과 커뮤니케이션 특성을 기준으로 2개의 집단으로 구분되었다. 집단은 각각 안정-과묵형, 불안-다변형으로 명명하였다. 유형별로 교수자의 특징이 미치는 영향의 차이를 알아보기 위한 회귀분석 결과, 집단별 회귀분석에서 독립변인의 효과가 상이하게 나타나는 것을 확인하였다. 논문의 분석 결과는 학생의 성격 요인과 커뮤니케이션 특성 요인에 따라 유형 구분이 가능하며, 각 유형별로 상이한 소통방식과 강의전략이 필요함을 시사한다. 논문은 교육자 중심의 교육커뮤니케이션 연구에 새로운 방향과 접근방식을 제시하였다는 의의를 갖는다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제65권6호
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• pp.1194-1204
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• 2023

Meat quality comprises a set of key traits such as pH, meat color, water-holding capacity, tenderness and marbling. These traits are complex because they are affected by multiple genetic and environmental factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular genetic basis underlying nine meat quality-related traits in a Yorkshire pig population using a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and subsequent biological pathway analysis. In total, 45,926 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers from 543 pigs were selected for the GWAS after quality control. Data were analyzed using a genome-wide efficient mixed model association (GEMMA) method. This linear mixed model-based approach identified two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for meat color (b^*) on chromosome 2 (SSC2) and one QTL for shear force on chromosome 8 (SSC8). These QTLs acted additively on the two phenotypes and explained 3.92%-4.57% of the phenotypic variance of the traits of interest. The genes encoding HAUS8 on SSC2 and an lncRNA on SSC8 were identified as positional candidate genes for these QTLs. The results of the biological pathway analysis revealed that positional candidate genes for meat color (b^*) were enriched in pathways related to muscle development, muscle growth, intramuscular adipocyte differentiation, and lipid accumulation in muscle, whereas positional candidate genes for shear force were overrepresented in pathways related to cell growth, cell differentiation, and fatty acids synthesis. Further verification of these identified SNPs and genes in other independent populations could provide valuable information for understanding the variations in pork quality-related traits.