• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.559-568
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• 2016

For the economic management of photovoltaic power plants, it is necessary to regularly monitor the panels within the plants to detect malfunctions. Thermal infrared image cameras are generally used for monitoring, since malfunctioning panels emit higher temperatures compared to those that are functioning. Recently, technologies that observe photovoltaic arrays by mounting thermal infrared cameras on UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) are being developed for the efficient monitoring of large-scale photovoltaic power plants. However, the technologies developed until now have had the shortcomings of having to analyze the images manually to detect malfunctioning panels, which is time-consuming. In this paper, we propose an automatic photovoltaic panel area extraction algorithm for thermal infrared images acquired via a UAV. In the thermal infrared images, panel boundaries are presented as obvious linear features, and the panels are regularly arranged. Therefore, we exaggerate the linear features with a vertical and horizontal filtering algorithm, and apply a modified hierarchical histogram clustering method to extract candidates of panel boundaries. Among the candidates, initial panel areas are extracted by exclusion editing with the results of the photovoltaic array area detection. In this step, thresholding and image morphological algorithms are applied. Finally, panel areas are refined with the geometry of the surrounding panels. The accuracy of the results is evaluated quantitatively by manually digitized data, and a mean completeness of 95.0%, a mean correctness of 96.9%, and mean quality of 92.1 percent are obtained with the proposed algorithm.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.28-35
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• 2010

In the display industry, COG bonding method is being applied to production of LCD panels that are used for mobile phones and monitors, and is one of the mounting methods optimized to compete with the trend of ultra small, ultra thin and low cost of display. In COG bonding process, electrical characteristics such as contact resistance, insulation property, etc and mechanical characteristics such as bonding strength, etc depend on properties of conductive particles and epoxy resin along with ACF materials used for COG by manufacturers. As the properties of such materials have close relation to optimization of bonding conditions such as temperature, pressure, time, etc in COG bonding process, it is requested to carry out an in-depth study on characteristics of COG bonding, based on which development of bonding process equipment shall be processed. In this study were analyzed the characteristics of COG bonding process, performed the analysis and reliability evaluation on electrical and mechanical characteristics of COG bonding using ACF to find optimum bonding conditions for ACF, and performed the experiment on bonding characteristics regarding fine pitch to understand the affection on finer pitch in COG bonding. It was found that it is difficult to find optimum conditions because it is more difficult to perform alignment as the pitch becomes finer, but only if alignment has been made, it becomes similar to optimum conditions in general COG bonding regardless of pitch intervals.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.622-632
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• 2005

Statement of problem: Silicone Index Tooth Tray impression system which does not use gingicord has a shortcoming. It takes time to remove internal wall of Silicone Index Tooth Tray for space of wash impression material. Purpose: This study was to evaluate whether providing certain space to impression body can prevent from doing complicated laboratory work. Material and methods: After mounting metal dies with shoulder and chamfer margins arbiturarily, SITT was produced using $Blu-mousse^(R)$. In one experimental group, wash impression was taken using $Fit-tester^(R)$ without removing interior surface of SITT and in the other group, wash impression was taken using $Fit-tester^(R)$ providing 0.5mm space in the SITT and then compared the differences in two groups. Results: 1. There was no significant difference between a group which did not allow space and a group which granted equal 0.5mm space. 2. There was no significant difference between gingival diameter, occlusal diameter of metal die that has shoulder margin and gingival diameter, occlusal diameter of metal die that has chamfer margin. 3. There was no significant difference between a group which did not take pick-up impression and a group which took pick-up impression through relining method using SITT 4. There was no significant difference between a group that poured immediately after taking primary impression and a group that poured after removing poured stone die. Conclusions: When taking an impression of an abutment using SITT impression system, it is considered to obtain clinically identical results between a group that did not grant a 0.5mm space within SITT for wash impression and a group which invest a space. Furthermore, it is considered possible to produce an individual die through secondary pouring.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.471-476
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• 2005

Rhus verniciflua Stokes (RVS) has been used as a food supplement and a traditional herbal medicine for a men's sexual enhancement. In this study, we prepared a flavonoid fraction (RWE) from a hot water extract of RVS and its influence on sexual behavior was studied in male rats which were orally administered varying doses of RWE for 2 weeks. All doses of RWE stimulated sexual behavior in male rats such as reducing mounting latency and enhancing mount frequencies. However, intermission numbers were not changed and none of group can observe the ejaculation during behavioral testing time 5 min. Testosterone levels were Increased about 0$\∼$53$\%$ and 92$\∼$164$\%$ by the treatment of RWE for 1 and 2 weeks, respectively. However, estrogen levels in male rats tended to decrease in a dose dependent manner of RWE. At the dose of RWE 200 mg/kg, estrogen level was reduced to 77.5$\%$ and 70.3$\%$ of control after 1 and 2 weeks treatment. These findings suggest that the Rhus flavonoid fraction can stimulate the androgen-dependent male sexual behavior and it can be applied to the material of functional food for enhancing the sexual function.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.357-361
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• 2012

Anemometer is a meteorological instrument that measures wind direction and wind speed in real time, and is mounted to the cranes that are used at ports, shipbuilding yards, off-shore structure, or construction sites that are influenced by wind, and it is used in conjunction with the safety system. Load cell-type anemometer measures the wind direction through the ratio of load between 4 positions by mounting the thin plate to 4 load cells, and measures wind velocity through the summation of loads. In this study, we compared and analyzed the results in the theoretic approach, analytic approach and experimental approach to derive the correlation between load ratio and wind direction. Wind direction was selected as the design variable, and selected 9 wind direction conditions from $0^{\circ}{\sim}90^{\circ}$ with $11.25^{\circ}$ space for analysis, and 10 wind direction conditions with $10^{\circ}$ space for experiment.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.18B no.4
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• pp.181-192
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• 2011

A mobile phone is becoming no longer a voice communication tool due to smartphones and mobile internet. Also, it now becomes a total entertainment device on which we can play game and get services by variety applications through the Web. As smartphones are getting more popular, their usages are also increased, which makes the interest of advertising industry in mobile advertisement increased but it is bound to be limited by the size of the screen. In this paper, we suggest an augmented reality logo system based on Android platform to maximize the effect of logo advertisement. After developing software and mounting it on a real smartphone, its performances are analyzed in various ways. The results show the possibility of its application to real world but it's not enough to provide real time service because of the low performance of hardware.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.113-121
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• 2015

Gametogenesis, mating behaviour and spawning of Octopus ocellatus were investigated by histological study. This species is dioecious, and showed a protandry phenomenon. Ooogenesis (in females) and spermatogenesis (in males) can be classified into 3 stages, respectively. O. ocellatus copulates in one of two ways: a male may leap upon a female, mounting her mantle, or a male may sit near the female and extend the hectocotylized third right arm toward her. Spawning occurred between April and June in females, and between March and May in males of O. ocellatus. The spawning period was once a year and the peak took place between May and June. A number of flatened follicle cells, which were attached to an oocyte, were involved in vitellogenesis in the cytoplasm of the vitellogenic oocyte (maturing oocyte), and formation of chorion membrane (secondary egg membrane) of the ovarian eggs. Fecundity per female closely related to GSI was 294-660 eggs (average, 429 eggs). The diameters of the ovarian eggs surrounded by chorion membrane were approximately in the range of 10.10-2.50 mm. Each ovarian egg laid by a female was connected to an egg string. Each egg string was 1-5.5 cm (average 3.6 cm). The total number of eggs laid by a female of this species ranged 218-314, the egg sizes were independent to the size of female adult. this species has a life mode showing some special reproductive characteristics of an annual semelparity as shown in Octopodidae species because we have never seen a female spawning a second time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.29-37
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• 2000

Because the previous design procedure for the composite wind turbine blade structure using trial and error method takes long time, a improved design procedure by using the program based on classical laminate theory was proposed to reduce the inefficient element. According to the improved design procedure, limitation of strains, stresses and displacements specified by international standard specification IEC1400-1 for the composite wind turbine blade were applied to sizing the structural configuration by using the rule of mixture and the principal stress design technique with a simplified turbine blade. Structural safety for strength and buckling stability was confirmed by the developed analysis program based on the laminate theory to minimize the design procedure. After modifying the preliminary design result with additional structural components such as skin, foam sandwich and mounting joints, stresses, strains, displacements, natural frequency, buckling load and fatigue life were analyzed by the finite element method. Finally these results were confirmed by comparing with IEC1400-1 specification.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.146-153
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• 1997

An experimental study was performed of natural-convection downward smolder spread across a sawdust bed peripherally enclosed with an insulating container, to examine the effect of the open- ing condition at the top end on downward smolder spread. Experiments were conducted by using relatively coarse sawdust and 25-cm-long cylindrical container The variations of temperature profiles along the bed axis with time were determined far different opening conditions and were com-pared with those in smolder spread from open top to open bottom. It was shown that the smolder zone initiated from open top toward closed bottom penetrates the bed with keeping high peak temperature like the case of open top to open bottom spread, although mean spread rate is smaller. This indicates that the downward smolder zone can be sustained stably if sufficient air or oxygen Is supplied from the back of it by natural convection even if upward draft entering from the bottom of the bed is absent. When the top end was partially closed by mounting a cover after stable smolder spread had begun from open top toward open bottom, the temperature at the peak decreased more than 200 K and the smolder zone became to spread with thickening residue. In this case, the shape of temperature profiles continuously changed or decayed until end-effect at the open bottom end enhanced the reaction. The temperature at the shrunk peak, free from the end-effect, was almost identical with the temperature at the exothermic oxidative-degradation zone in smolder spread from open top to open bottom. from these results, it can be inferred for natural-convection downward smolder spread that the oxidation reaction of the char is very sensitive to the oxygen supply by natural convection in the space above the smolder zone, and that the top end opening condition strongly alters the completeness of reactions, structure, and behavior of the smolder zone.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.4664-4670
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• 2010

Comparison of the classical mobile-immobile zone (MIM) model to the derived model led to several conclusions. If the MIM model is to be applied, the initial concentration in the immobile zone has to be down-scaled by a correction factor that is a function of pore geometry. The MIM model was valid only after sufficiently long time has passed, i.e., only after the diffusion front reaches the deepest pore wall in the immobile zone. The MIM mass-transfer coefficient $\alpha$, was inversely proportional to the square of the pore depth. Also it did not depend on the mobile-zone flow velocity, contrary to the number of laboratory and field observations. The classical MIM model displayed a rapid exponential decay of immobile-zone concentration. Meanwhile at large times, the newly derived model displayed similar exponential decay. This was contrary to the mounting evidence of power-law BTC tails observed in laboratory and field settings.