• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1768-1773
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• 2019

Background: Aging reduces cognitive abilities, including visual memory (VM) and visual discrimination (VD). Since common cortical networks subserve eye movement and attention, voluntary eye movement may improve visual attention. Visual selective attention was major role for memory, and visual memory and visual attention are intimately related. Objective: To identify the improvement in VD and VM, after implementing the eye movement program consisting of saccadic eye movement (SEM) and pursuit eye movement (PEM) in the institutionalized healthy elderly. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: The study involved a sample of 36 participants, and the mean age was 79.03 years (range 76~84 years). They were randomly allocated to the experimental group (n=16) and control group (n=20). Participants in the experimental group performed SEM 5 times per week for 4 weeks: twice daily at the same time in the morning and afternoon. The program was carried out for 3 minutes, and it consisted of SEM and PEM. The target's moving frequency was set at 0.5 Hz. VM and VD at the baseline and post-intervention were measured using Motor-Free Visual Perception test-4 (MFVPT-4). Results: VM significantly improved in the experimental group (p < .01), and significant differences were observed compared to the control group (p < .01). There was no significant change in VD. Conclusion: The eye movement program consisting of SEM and PEM increased VM more than VD. Therefore, eye movement program was feasible interventions for improving VM in institutionalized elderly persons.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 1996

To investigate the effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) on male sexual function and serum lipid level, the results of KRG treatments were compared to placebo group. A total of 35 patients with psychogenic impotence were assigned to medication group with KRG (n=28) and placebo (n=7). KRG and placebo were given to each group for 2 months. Changes in symptoms such as frequency of coitus, morning erection, penile rigidity and tumescence were significantly higher in the group receiving KRG than placebo group. The overall therapeutic efficacies on erectile function were 67% for KRG group and 28% for placebo group (p <0.05). In the group treated with 9 tablets of KRG, there was tendency of better efficacy as compared to the group treated with 6 tablets of KRG. The level of serum high density lipid- cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) was significantly elevated (p < 0.05) while the other serum lipid such as total cholesterol, tiglyceride and low density lipid-cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol) , were not changed after administration of KRG. This effect was observed significantly in the group in which KRG exerted its effect on sexual function(p < 0.05). From the above results, the administration of Korean red ginseng has shown to have superior of facts as compared to the placebo. The tendency of good effect was increased when a large amount of KRG was administered. The mechanism of KRG in improving sexual function would be the result of elevating the level of geum HDL-cholesterol in impotent patients. The effect of KRG was produced when the level of cholesterol was high before starting KRG medication. Therefore, the effect of KRG could be observed more intensively when the patients have high serum cholesterol level.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.247-253
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• 2018

This study was designed to analyze the difference in attendance and academic achievement based on spatio-temporal data relate to e-Learning patterns of university e-Learning learners. This study collected e-Learning data from 68 e-Learning classes, 13,611 learners during 3 years. Collected data were analyzed by t-test and two-way ANOVA. Major study findings were as follows. Firstly, e-Learning learners in school received higher than those of learners outside school both in attendance and academic achievement, while that academic achievement showed statistical significance. Secondly, the attendance and academic achievement by the day was in the order of e-Learning learners mainly in the morning, those in the afternoon and those at night, in addition there was statistical significance. Lastly e-Learning learners in the weekdays appeared higher than those of learners in the weekends both in attendance and academic achievement, also both of them showed statistical significance.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.10-16
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• 2013

Objectives: This work aimed to investigate differentiations of Korean medicine's pathological symptoms and SF-12 sub scales among normal, overweight and obese subjects from multi-center case report. Methods: From 2009 to 2011 survey were carried out to 1,589 subjects who took treatment or were hospitalized in 7 Korean medicine hospitals and 3 Korean medicine clinic. Survey include Korean medicine's pathological symptoms and SF-12. Whole survey were obtained from subjects with interviewers. Obesity degree was divided into three groups by body mass index: Normal group is from 18.5 below 23, overweight from 23 below 25 and obese group is over 25. Chi-square test was performed to reveal differentiation response rate of pathologic symptoms among obesity groups. ANOVA test was carried out for compare each group's SF-12 sub scales. Results: Patients of overweight or obesity have more symptoms such as skin itching, swelling, weakness in lower legs, and feverish with swollen joints. Contrary, normal weight group responded symptoms of dry skin more than those of obese group. As a fatigue, obese group have more fatigue feeling at afternoon and evening, compared to high frequency response of normal weight groups' morning fatigue. Obese groups shows low physical scores of health related quality of life, in contrast, high mental scores of that. Conclusions: This is first work of pathologic symptoms shown by obese groups. This would contribute to standardization of Korean medicine's pattern identification as suggestion of classification point for obese groups.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.205-215
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• 2021

Background: The treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) or ocular hypertension (OHT) for intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction is recommended to proceed with the use of the compound. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of brinzolamide combination therapy on POAG and OHT following the subgroup analysis among types of brinzolamide combined medications. Methods: By June 2019, PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library were searched to find a study that met our inclusion criteria. Based on randomized control trials (RCTs), we collected studies that tested the brinzolamide combination therapy in POAG and OHT patients, and analyzed the literature identified by the results of the study on IOP reduction and adverse reactions. Results: A total of 13 literature was collected to conduct an analysis including 2,197 patients. The intervention included brinzolamide combination therapies, combined with timolol, brimonidine, PGA or combined with both brimonidine and PGA. The analysis showed significant decreasing tendency for values at morning and end treatment per day in the use of brinzolamide combination therapy in the absolute IOP change (mean difference (MD) -1.41; 95% CI -1.92, -0.90; p<0.001 vs. MD -1.46; 95% CI -2.03, -0.89; p<0.00001, respectively). We could see higher adverse reactions in the brinzolamide combination group using intervention (odds ratio 1.43; 95% CI 1.20, 1.71; p<0.0001). Conclusion: Regarding IOP reduction in POAG and OHT patients, brinzolamide combination therapy is more effective but less safe than control treatment, which diverse among types of combined medications. Thus, more individualized therapy should be applied in real-world practice.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.967-975
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• 2021

This study investigated the case of a nineteen-year-old female patient with chronic nausea, vomiting, and abdominal distension, who was diagnosed with CNVS and Spleen-Qi deficiency. Subjective symptoms were recorded with the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) every morning, and the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) was used on the days of admission and discharge. For eleven days following admission, she took Bojungikki-tang-gagam and received acupuncture and moxibustion therapy. After three days of treatment, her nausea and vomiting ceased, and abdominal distension improved from NRS 3 to 0 after seven days of treatment. The GSRS score for the specific symptoms improved from 3 to 2; however, the total score remained largely unchanged (from 20 to 21). This case suggests that Korean medical treatment may improve CNVS.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.243-250
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• 2021

Information on butterflies in the Niger Delta Region is relatively scanty because monitoring of their activities and distribution has not been fully documented and these are paramount to establish their conservation protocols. The study therefore aimed at evaluating the species richness distribution pattern, and relative abundance of butterflies in the University of Port Harcourt. The University Park was purposively selected for this study. The park was stratified into three different habitat types (secondary forest, farmland, and residential/garden). A sampling of each stratum was done three times; twice in the morning between 8:00 am and 12:00 pm as well as once in the evening between 4:00 pm and 6:00 pm along a 100 m line transects for 16 months (May 2017-August 2018). Data collected were analyzed for species diversity indices, evenness, and similarity index. A total of 1,932 individual butterflies belonging to 28 species, 18 genera, and five 5 families were identified in the study area. Species diversity and evenness were higher on farmland (1-D=0.909; H'=2.615; E=0.833), and least in the residential area/gardens (1-D=0.744; H'=1.975; E=0.659). The family Nymphalidae (39.0%) had the highest number of species occurrence while Hesperidae (0.4%) had the lowest composition. Anthene larydas (24.12%) had the highest relative abundance in the entire study area, followed by Acraea serena (17.49%). The study, therefore, recommends continuous monitoring of butterfly species diversity and composition also in other regions.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.201-205
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• 2008

'Morningpurple' is a new sweetpotato variety developed by Mokpo Experiment Station, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA in 2007, for flowering. This variety was selected from the cross between Sinchunmi and Hi-dry in 2004, seedling and line selections were practiced from 2005 to 2006. 'Morningpurple' has morning glory type flowers with purple color. It has triangular leaf, green with purple vine and petiole, elliptic storage root, red skin and yellow flesh color of storage root. The average yield of storage root was 15.0 ton/ha. Number of storage roots over 50 gram per plant was 2.6, and the average weight of storage root was 143 gram.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.430-434
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• 2008

'Morningwhite' is a new sweetpotato variety developed by Mokpo Experiment Station, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA in 2007, with white flowering. This variety was selected from the cross between "Sinjami" and "Muan 10" in 2004, seedling and line selections were applied in 2005 and 2006. 'Morningwhite' is morning glory type flowers with white color. It has Lobed leaf, green vine and petiole, elliptic storage root, red skin and yellow flesh color of storage root. The average yield of storage root was 14.0 ton/ha. Number of storage roots over 50 gram per plant was 2.5 and the average weight of storage root was 140 gram.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.126-133
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• 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The glycemic index (GI) is a measure of the postprandial glucose response (PPGR) to food items, and glycemic load (GL) is a measure of the PPGR to the diet. For those who need to maintain a healthy diet, it is beneficial to regulate appropriate levels of blood glucose. In reality, what influences the meal GI or GL depends on the macronutrient composition and the physical chemistry reactions in vivo. Thus, we investigated whether different macronutrients in a meal significantly affect the PPGR and the validity of calculated GI and GL values for mixed meals. SUBJECTS/METHODS: 12 healthy subjects (6 male, 6 female) were recruited at a campus setting, and subjects consumed a total of 6 test meals one by one, each morning between 8:00 and 8:30 am after 12 h of fasting. PPGR was measured after each consumed meal and serial finger pricks were performed at indicated times. Test meals included 1) 68 g oral glucose, 2) 210 g rice, 3) rice plus 170 g egg white (RE), 4) rice plus 200 g bean sprouts (RS), 5) rice plus 10 g oil (RO), and 6) rice plus, egg white, bean sprouts, and oil (RESO). The incremental area under the curve (iAUC) was calculated to assess the PPGR. Mixed meal GI and GL values were calculated based on the nutrients the subjects consumed in each of the test meals. RESULTS: The iAUC for all meals containing two macronutrients (RS, RO, or RE) were not significantly different from the rice iAUC, whereas, the RESO iAUC ($2,237.5{\pm}264.9$) was significantly lower (P < 0.05). The RESO meal's calculated GI and GL values were different from the actual GI and GL values measured from the study subjects (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The mixed meal containing three macronutrients (RESO) decreased the PPGR in healthy individuals, leading to significantly lower actual GI and GL values than those derived by nutrient-based calculations. Thus, consuming various macronutrient containing meals is beneficial in regulating PPGR.