• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.683-692
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify cancer-related symptom clusters and to validate the conceptual meanings of the revealed symptom clusters in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey and methodological study. Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (N=194) were recruited from a medical center in Seoul. The 20-item Symptom Checklist was used to assess patients' symptom severity. Selected symptoms were factored using principal-axis factoring with varimax rotation. To validate the revealed symptom clusters, the statistical differences were analyzed by status of patients' performance status, Child-Pugh classification, and mood state among symptom clusters. Results: Fatigue was the most prevalent symptom (97.4%), followed by lack of energy and stomach discomfort. Patients' symptom severity ratings fit a four-factor solution that explained 61.04% of the variance. These four factors were named pain-appetite cluster, fatigue cluster, itching-constipation cluster, and gastrointestinal cluster. The revealed symptom clusters were significantly different for patient performance status (ECOG-PSR), Child-Pugh class, anxiety, and depression. Conclusion: Knowing these symptom clusters may help nurses to understand reasonable mechanisms for the aggregation of symptoms. Efficient symptom management of disease-related and treatment-related symptoms is critical in promoting physical and emotional status in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.616-621
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• 2006

A began of this study is to verify Spontaneous Acoustic Field Reproduction System(SAFRS), developed as an embodiment of creating agreeable sound environment, with evaluation on the field application. SAFRS is a system to sense changes of surroundings and produce sounds, which can go well with environment elements sensed by the system in to the space. The sound which can go well with environment elements is sound which judged by individual evaluation to be so, the classification of the preferred sounds according to the mood of the space was suggested in the former study. So, SAFRS was applied into the Square of D University to evaluate effectiveness of the system. The executed evaluations were 1) evaluation on sounds perception, frequency, volume and matchability with the space, 2) image evaluation on the square and sound environment and 3) evaluation on sound environment with existing sounds, fountains sound, sound produced by SAFRS, and both fountains sound and sound produced by SAFRS. Verifying SAPRS of field application was deduced from those evaluations. Theresultsofthestudyarefollowing: Though the system was applied into the space, the volume of the sounds shouldn't be too high. And with visual surroundings, the effectiveness of the system would be increased. At the results of four evaluations, the result of day evaluation is; both fountains sound and sound produced by SAFRS>fountains sound>sound produced by SAFRS>existing sounds, the result of night evaluation is; sound produced by SAFRS>both fountains sound and sound produced by SAFRS>fountains sound>existing sounds and these results pointed out that sounds environment produced by the system was highly evaluated due to less background sounds.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.515-518
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• 2007

SAFRS(Spontaneous Acoustic Field Reproduction System) is a system to sense changes of surroundings and produce sounds which can go well with environment elements sensed by the system in to the space. The sounds were judged by individual evaluation and, the classification of the preferred sounds according to the mood of the space was suggested in the former study. Effectiveness of SAFRS with field application was validated by prior studies which dealt with researching acoustic environment, evaluating images of sounds, and rating environment with existence and nonexistence of sound resources such as fountains and the system after applied in D university. In this study, for more effective field application of SAFRS, research for the acoustic environment around sound resources and subjective evaluation of the preference of the sounds from the resources were made and it was considered that the results of the experiments should be primary information to propose proper sound level to be offered by the system. The results of the study are as follows; 1) It was considered that the ambience of the center road was dependent upon produced sounds by the system and water sounds of the fountain and that of walk way was mostly dependent upon produced sounds. 2) The results of the subjective evaluation showed that the distance from sound resources was suggestive; the more distant from produced sounds the less full and clear the sounds, the less distant from the sounds of water the more delight and idyllic ambience, and the less distant from the forest the more idyllic ambient and diversity. 3) The results upwards were telling that an average value of six elements for the evaluation was even at the place set back 10.2m from center road and walk way. And harmony of all sounds of the place should be considered to propose suitable sound level of SAFRS.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.86-96
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• 2020

Based on the use cases of image recognition technology, this study looked at how artificial intelligence plays a role in image recognition technology. Through image recognition technology, satellite images can be analyzed with artificial intelligence to reveal the calculation of oil storage tanks in certain countries. And image recognition technology makes it possible for searching images or products similar to images taken or downloaded by users, as well as arranging fruit yields, or detecting plant diseases. Based on deep learning and neural network algorithms, we can recognize people's age, gender, and mood, confirming that image recognition technology is being applied in various industries. In this study, we can look at the use cases of domestic and overseas image recognition technology, as well as see which methods are being applied to the industry. In addition, through this study, the direction of future research was presented, focusing on various successful cases in which image recognition technology was implemented and applied in various industries. At the conclusion, it can be considered that the direction in which domestic image recognition technology should move forward in the future.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.120-128
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• 2015

Objectives : The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is a commonly used psychological test measuring personality and psychopathology in both clinical and non-clinical population. This study was to evaluate characteristic MMPI-2 profile associated with the risk of suicide among college students. Methods : We analyzed the survey response of 2,964 college students who participated in a health survey from a school health center at a national university in 2011. Those who endorsed any of six items on the suicidaity module of MINI were classified as a suicide risk group and remaining students who did not as a control group. Then we compared the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) score, the MMPI-2 Clinical scales and Restructured Clinical (RC) scales. To evaluate the correlation RC scales with suicidality score, Pearson correlation analysis was performed. Results : The suicide risk group was 464 students, and the control group was 2,500. The classification result of suicidality, 255 (8.6%) students were low-risk group, 149 (4.8%) students were moderate-risk group and 60 (2.0%) students were high-risk group. In the suicide risk group, VRIN, F scale, Clinical scale and RC scales were significantly higher. In the control group L, K and S scales were significantly higher. Suicidality score has significant correlation with all RC scales. Conclusion : In the suicide risk group, overall psychopathology was higher than the control group. Taken together, features of depressive symptom, antisocial behavior, aggressiveness, introversion may indicate the risk of suicide in college students. These results display both clinical and public health implications for clinicians and school health professionals.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.52-58
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• 1977

By evaluating the health status by Cornell Medical Index in conjunction with their academic grade, we attempted to find out whether any health condition may affect on their academic carrier. CMI health questionnaire was filled out by student and matched with one's own academic score if the previous year. Academic score was classified into 5 grades: excellent, very good, good, fair and poor. Difference in number of questions between sections was corrected by standard score method with means of 50 and standard deviation of 10. Differences in number of 'yes' answers between sections and between groups of students in each grade were statistically tested by two-way variance analysis method. On the other hand, influence of neuropsychiatric factors (section M-R) on the academic carrier was analyzed by $X^2-test$ with Fukamachi's classification. The following were the results obtained in this study: 1) Number of 'yes' answers in sections related to mood and feeling patterns (sections M-R) were appeared to be influential to academic carrier in male students, but not in female students. 2) Generally speaking, in groups of higher academic grade, number of 'yes' answers in each section was on an averege 50 or less, and in groups of lower academic grade, the number was 50 or more depending on sections. 3) Number of 'yes' answers between sections and between groups in each academic grade were significantly different both in male and female college students. 4) It was noteworthy that data obtained from CMI questionnaire might be variable subjectively by examinees with some factors at the time of administration.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2016

Objective : The purpose of this study was to verify the differences of expressed character strengths graded as per the Korean Strength Scale, based on the type of work. Methods : A total of 2,444 conglomerate workers were classified into two groups: 1,356 office workers and 1,088 production workers. The subjects were examined through a web or mobile application based on the Korean Strength Scale. The Korean Strength Scale consists of a total of four top entries and 25 sub-items with appropriate validity. Results : The difference in the average score of sum of character strengths between the two groups was not significant. In the office worker group, character strengths such as love of learning, creativity, perspective, curiosity, facilitation, judgment and faith had significantly high scores. On the other hands, modesty, hope, gratitude, sincerity, magnanimity and self-regulation were high in the production worker group. The results remained unchanged in additional analysis of covariants as sex, age and education level, except for self-regulation and faith. Conclusion : Our results suggest significant differences in the character strengths between the two types of work; however, the average of sum of character strength score remains unchanged. These results may help to understand differences between work environments and thus help to establish a positive foundation.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.282-291
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• 2004

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the functional status variables related to the care time of health professionals for patients in long-term care facilities. Methods : The functional stati of 1001 patients in 8 long-term care hospitals were examined by the Resident Assessment Instrument for Long-term Care Facility Version 2.0. The care time of health professionals for patients was calculated using data from a self-reported task survey by nurses, auxiliary nurses, private aides, doctors, physiotherapists and social workers. Results : The average care time per diem was 240.6 minutes. The care time by doctors, nurses and private aides were 11.0, 71.0 and 139.5 minutes, respectively. The lower the function of activities of daily living (ADL) and the greater the symptoms of extensive services, special care and clinical complexity, the more care time was served. On the contrary, the greater the symptoms of nursing rehabilitation, depression, cognitive disorder, behavior problem and psychiatry/mood disorder, the less care time was served. Age and gender were not significantly related to the care time. Conclusions : Developing a case mix classification system for elderly long term care patients may be helpful for both of patients and health care providers. The ADL, extensive services, special care and clinical complexity of variables should be considered in the development of a case mix system for the long term care of patients in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.32-40
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• 2017

Korean construction industry is facing downtime mood and need more productivity. In order to successfully accomplish the construction project with more productivity, systematic and reasonable schedule management techniques should be developed and utilized. Therefore, in this study, first, a current status of the schedule management in the construction site is identified and the improvements in the schedule management are suggested. And, the effective schedule management technique in the construction site is proposed based on the in-site experience of the researcher. In order to find solutions, survey questionnaires designed to measure the understanding of process management and measure perception of the importance of schedule management. Total twenty nine field engineers who are performing schedule management of construction project at domestic civil engineering construction site were participated in the survey, and In-depth interviews were conducted. Eleven construction sites are inspected. Finally, a simple and effective schedule management technique including from WSB classification to schedule analysis, performance management, and performance improvement is proposed based on the inspection of current status of schedule management in civil engineering construction site.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.230-234
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• 2017

Objective: Neurasthenia is a disease which consists of increased fatigue or bodily weakness and exhaustion plus pantalgia, dizziness, headache and other symtoms relevant to autonomic nerve dysfunction. There are plenty of studies investigating the history of diagnostic criteria of neurasthenia, which is influenced by diverse cultural(or social) environment. The obejective of this study is to provide review of the previous studys on the changes of neurasthenia diagnoses in the context of local area to find meanings of these transition and improve health care for psychiatric patient. Methods: Literature review was conducted on studies demonstrating diagnostic criteria of neurasthenia with cultural(or social) environment. We investigated the literature reviews or observative studies which described alteration of diagnostic criteria of neurasthenia and assessed its significance. After selecting eligible studies, the authors read the articles and summarized the meaningful contents those were significant in clinical practice. Results: Transformation of Chinese Classification of Mental Disorder(CCMD) integrated with internationally utilized DSM-IV or ICD-10 is controversial about its significance in that it had limited effect on public health care due to the variables of sociocultural context, but primarily differentiated neurasthenia from other disorders. The latter one can be the directing point of the diagnostic criteria of other culture-bound diseases, which is the traits of not outstanding mood(or affect) than other neurotic disorders. Conclusion: As diagnostic criteria of neurasthenia varies, the significance of this variation is controversial, but could be the paragon of other culture-bound diseases.