• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1557-1565
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• 2012

The professional workers with a sophisticated knowledge, skill and ability are core human resources to sustain firm's competitiveness. It is very crucial to provide professional workers with an appropriate education and training to get them have organizational commitment. Thus, this study examines the relationship between appropriateness of education/training for IT professionals and organizational commitment, and explores the moderating effects that top talent management and trust have on the association between appropriateness of education/training (AET) and organizational commitment (OC). The 379 responses from firm panel survey of human capitals, which was conducted by KRIVET on 2009, were used to assess construct validity and research hypotheses. The findings show that appropriateness of education/training has a positive impact on organizational commitment. It is also found that respecting top talent has a moderating effect on the AET-OC relationship whereas trust doesn't moderate the AET-OC relationship.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.63-74
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• 2018

Youth unemployment including college graduates has become more serious in recent years. It is very necessary to study the factors affecting entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intentions. These days, the number of female entrepreneurs has been increased dramatically. There have been many successful entrepreneurs with technology background in Korea. Until now, there have been not so many empirical studies examining moderating effects of gender and college major. A lot of studies have examined the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial intention of college students. The purpose of this article is to examine gender and major as moderators in the relationship. Until now, there has been very few research investigating the moderating effects of gender and major on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial intention. Survey questionaries were given to 400 college students randomly chosen in Gangwon-do. Finally, 334 surveys were used to analyze the relationship. The findings of our study are as follows. First, similar to previous studies, entrepreneurial orientation of college students has a positive effect on entrepreneurial intention. Second, participation both in school entrepreneurship courses and out of school entrepreneurship education does positively affect entrepreneurial intention. Gender and major are moderating variables between entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial intention. Third, compared to male students, female students with low entrepreneurial orientation show much lower entrepreneurial intention. Fourth, compared to Non-STEM students, STEM students with low entrepreneurial orientation show much lower entrepreneurial intention. Thus, in order to improve entrepreneurial intention among college students, it is very important to develop entrepreneurial orientation, especially for female and STEM college students.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.27-37
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• 2017

Purpose - The current study analyzes the effect of business startup education on business startup education satisfaction and entrepreneurial intention. Also, it attempts to discover if business startup confidence plays a moderating role between business startup education satisfaction and entrepreneurial intention. Research design, data, and methodology - The survey was conducted for approximately 60 days, from July 20, 2016 to September 20, 2016, and distributed to 300 restaurant founders who started their business through business startup education provided by Korea Food Service Industry Association in Seoul, Kyungki and Incheon or existing business founders. Results - Per multiple regression analysis of business startup education and business startup education satisfaction, among business startup education, all law, entrepreneurship, commercial power analysis, and practical education have significantly positive effect. Per simple regression analysis of business startup education satisfaction and entrepreneurial intention, business startup education has significantly positive effects on entrepreneurial intention. Business startup education satisfaction and business startup confidence interaction show that they do not have a moderating role between business startup education satisfaction and entrepreneurial intention. Conclusions - Setting up theoretical reasoning, this study supports conclusions drawn by prior studies: business startup education has significantly positive effects on business startup education satisfaction and entrepreneurial intention.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.21-37
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• 2016

The purpose of study was to examine the entrepreneurial supporting policy and the entrepreneurship which can affect the entrepreneurial intention, and to prove the moderating effect of the business failure burden and the self-efficacy on the relationship of the entrepreneurial supporting policy, entrepreneurship and the entrepreneurial intention through the empirical study in the fusion of industries. We used data from 321 survey participants by using structured questionnaires, excluding dishonest respondents, and statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 18.0 statistic package. We used hierarchical regression technique to prove our hypothesis. The results showed that education and marketing support which are part of the entrepreneurial supporting policy in the fusion of industries will have positive influence on innovativeness, pro-activeness and risk acceptability which are part of entrepreneurship. It has been reported that only funding support has positive influence on entrepreneurship pro-activeness. The results also indicated that the entrepreneurial supporting policy will have positive influence on the entrepreneurial intention, but business failure burden and self-efficacy will have no moderating effect in the relation between the entrepreneurial supporting policy and the entrepreneurship. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings were discussed and the directions for future research were presented.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.35-48
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• 2016

Individual characteristics and entrepreneurship are important factors to determine entrepreneurial intentions. Despite this, little attention has been given to external factors, which effects to venture start-up decision. This study examines the relationship between individual characteristics and entrepreneurship by moderating effect of Hofstede's cultures dimensions theory. For this, 244 copies of the questionnaire were empirically analyzed. According to the results of analysis, internal locus of control, self-efficacy were found to have positive effects on autonomy, innovativeness, pro-activeness. In addition, uncertainty avoidance of Hofstede's cultures dimensions theory were found the moderating effects on entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intentions. Therefore, this study suggests theoretical and practical implications, as below, according to the results. Firstly, pro-activeness take a important part on venture start-up. Thus, venture start-up institution and venture managers need to develop "venture education curriculum" that fostering the pro-activeness mind of entrepreneur. Secondly, In order to anticipate entrepreneurial intentions more precisely, analyzing the interaction between environmental variables and individual variables is desirable. Lastly, in the future study of entrepreneurship, the comprehensive analysis of correlation between the factors that including three factors of entrepreneurship is need to be conducted and more effective way of readdressing the entrepreneurship is necessary.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.137-150
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• 2015

This study investigated the influence of Entrepreneurship, Start-up Competency on Entrepreneurial Satisfaction and the moderating effect of Flow experience. The goal of this investigation is to empirically prove that despite the benefits of educational and financial support, mentoring and consulting which selected applicants received as a part of supporting business for start-up companies provided by national and local government and public organizations, there is a gap between individual entrepreneurs' satisfaction after actual foundation of the company. For the purpose of this investigation, data was collected through a survey with 320 entrepreneurs who were beneficiaries of government's supporting business for start-up companies and have founded their companies less than 5 years ago. For entrepreneurship variables, three factors of innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking were reviewed, and also reviewed the three variables network capability, market orientation and marketing capacity as Start-up competency. The collected data was used to perform a multiple regression analysis, and the moderating effect of flow experience was analysed using moderated regression analysis. The result of analysis shows that innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking of entrepreneurship positively affected the entrepreneurial satisfaction, and network capability, market orientation and marketing capability also positively affected the entrepreneurial satisfaction. As a result of analysing the moderating effect of flow experience, it appeared that there is a positive moderating effect between entrepreneurship, start-up competency, and the entrepreneurial satisfaction. This result concludes that evaluation items of entrepreneurship and start-up competency as applicant selecting criteria in supporting business for start-up companies, are valid. It is also concluded that start-up supports such as education, funds and consulting are also important, but it is necessary to make changes such as construction of start-up ecosystem and reinforcement of networking support, so that entrepreneurs can have the flow experience themselves in the process after founding a company.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.33-45
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• 2020

While venture creation is considered to be of high social and economic importance, entrepreneurial outcomes are inherently uncertain and that failure is thus a central feature of entrepreneurship. Although failure in entrepreneurship is pervasive and critical, the impact of prior failure on future entrepreneurship has not received significant attention in the literature. Although failure is a painful and costly experience for entrepreneurs, it can also provide a powerful learning opportunity for those experiencing it. It has been argued that entrepreneurial failure is not just a individual problem but a matter of social concern. As part of the restarting business support system, entrepreneurial re-education program is provided to support failed entrepreneurs. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of failed entrepreneurs' prior entrepreneurial experience and re-education on subsequent venture creation. Moreover, this study also examined the moderating effects of entrepreneurial motivation. For the analyses, we surveyed the entrepreneurs who tried to re-start the subsequent business after the entrepreneurial failure through the "Revitalization Center for Strained Entrepreneur". The result found that failed entrepreneurs who learned a lot from their previous founding experience were more likely to re-start their subsequent business. The failed entrepreneurs who learned a lot from entrepreneurial re-education program were more likely to re-start their subsequent business. Moreover, the positive effect of failed entrepreneurs' previous founding experience and entrepreneurial re-education program on re-starting subsequent business was found to be weaker when entrepreneurial extrinsic motivation was high.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

Financing plays an important role in the survival and growth of startups. This study investigates key factors that improve startup financing performance. To this end, we analyze the relationship between the proportion of intellectual property and the financing performance. In addition, this study also examine the impact of the founder's education level on the financing of startups, and the moderating effect of the founder's education level on the relationship between intellectual property proportion and financing. Based on the survey data of 331 startups, this study found that the proportion of intellectual property and the financing performance have an inverted U-shaped nonlinear relationship. While the founder's education level has a positive impact on the financing performance, it negatively moderate the relationship between the intellectual property proportion and the financing performance. Through these findings, this study suggests that it is necessary to maintain an adequate proportion of intellectual property in order to maximize startup financing performance. The higher education level of founder enhances the startup financing. Since the founder's education level weaken the effect of intellectual proporty's effect on startup financing, however, startups need to control the proportion of intellectual property to improving financing according to the founder's education level. Based on signal theory, this study proposes a new strategy of intellectual property to enhance startup financing performance.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.73-84
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• 2017

This study started from searching for cause and solution of the part where online shopping malls are easy to start but easy to choose. It is thought that online shopping mall business has sufficient merit in the situation of Korea which is rapidly spreading internet, and it started from the opinion that if it can strengthen the characteristics of successful business start-ups, it can increase the rate of failure and reduce the failure rate. Internet shopping mall education experts gathered and discussed in depth what is the way in which mall entrepreneurs can maintain business continuously. As a result of summarizing the opinions of many shopping mall experts, we concluded that the marketing capabilities of each company should be strengthened. In addition, the importance of entrepreneurship education has emerged. In particular, it has been concluded that strengthening the competence of marketing mix is an important factor that determines the success and failure of the company. In this case, the researchers started to study this question with the question of what factor of marketing 4P has the greatest influence on the success of start-up. I also decided to study the impact of entrepreneurship education. As a result of this study, marketing mix ability as an independent variable has a significant positive effect on the success of entrepreneurship. Especially, the effect of product mix among 4Ps is significant for successful entrepreneurship.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.25-39
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• 2017

The role of traditional universities has been emphasized as a career path to advance into society. Recently, it has become a new paradigm of university education by emphasizing entrepreneurship as a career aspect. While entrepreneurship education is constantly expanding for college students, relatively few young people choose to start their own business. Despite the fact that the government is continuing to expand the university's entrepreneurship education, there are very few achievements that lead to actual entrepreneurship and student start-up There is still a lack of research on ways to cultivate creative talents and increase practical entrepreneurial intention. The results of this study are as follows: First, the effects of creativity competency education on self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention were analyzed. The effect of self-efficacy on the entrepreneurial intention. Finally This study examined the effects of social support (parent support) between self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention. This study used 393 samples in August 2016 for university students who received entrepreneurship education. The results showed that the ability of communicative communication and creative problem solving had a positive effect on self-efficacy. On the other hand, innovative work behavior abilities did not directly affect self-efficacy. In addition, creative problem solving ability and innovative work behavior ability had a positive effect on the entrepreneurial intention. On the other hand, the ability to communicate in a collaborative manner has no direct effect on the entrepreneurial intention. In addition, self-efficacy has a positive effect on the entrepreneurial intention. Finally, the adjustment effect of social support (parent support) between self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention has no effect. The implications of this study are empirically verified the effectiveness of creativity capacity through entrepreneurship education and the result of meaningful research that the social support through cooperation of parents is indispensable in order to increase the actual starting will of college students. Therefore, universities need to establish entrepreneurship education programs for their parents in order to increase the willingness of college students to start-up. This study can be used as a meaningful basic data for establishing policy for student start - up and suggesting the right direction of entrepreneurship education.