• 설비공학논문집
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2004

This paper presents an analysis of heating energy for apartment houses in a Korean-style apartment building, paying special attention on the effect of their location. Six representative locations encompass three floors and two placements on each floor. Two different roof types are also considered. In order to incorporate actual tenant's refit, a five-zone model composed of one conditioned and four unconditioned spaces is developed. TRNSYS 15 is adopted to estimate heating energy. The predicted results show fairly good agreements with the available measured data, validating the present model. Heating energy needed for an apartment located at the uppermost and lowermost floors is far greater compared with the case of intermediate floors. In addition, an appreciable difference is found between apartment with and without side end wall. Insulation thickness of walls, floors and underground structure appears to be a dominant factor affecting heating energy, which leads to needs of revision of the related regulation. Ridged-roofs instead of flat-roofs are highly recommended in apartment buildings for effective energy saving. It is finally concluded that the location-dependent, severe imbalance in heating energy should be improved and/or reflected in the policy making process and design standards.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2011

Purpose: The principal objective of this study was to evaluate the power output of ultrasound in Korean clinics and compare the value with Korean and global standards. Methods: A total of 69 units were measured for ultrasound power output. The normal range of power output level was ${\pm}30%$ of the output set according to KFDA standards. Device model, manufacturer, ERA, and BNR were obtained via simple questionnaires. A portable ultrasound power meter was used for output measurement. Results: 37 machines, with reported ERA values, were assessed for power output per unit area. Of these machines, 13 (37.14%) were considered to be compliant with US FDA standards at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, $20W/cm^2$ and 18 (51.43%) were considered within KFDA standards. The remainder of the machines were outside the standard error and evidenced irregular output levels, even though most of them were the same model. Conclusion: Appropriate ultrasound intensity is incredibly important for safety and effective use. Therefore, the KFDA standards regarding ultrasound may require revision in light of global standards, including BNR and ERA additionally, attention should be paid to regular calibration for safe use in clinical practice.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2013

Purpose: This study aims to test the validity and criteria-related reliability of the Korean version of the Copenhagen Psyco-social Questionnaire version II (COPSOQ-K) assessing the psychosocial working environment. Methods: The COPSOQ-K was developed through forward-backward translation techniques, and revision based on feedback from focus groups. Survey data were collected from 311 office workers who worked in one workplace. An internal consistency reliability was estimated by Cronbach's ${\alpha}$. The impacts of the COPSOQ-K scales on job satisfaction, self-rated health, stress, sleeping troubles, burnout, and sickness absence were analyzed with multiple regression model or multiple logistic regression model, adjusted age and gender using SAS version 9.3. The Pearson correlation coefficients between the COPSOQ-K scales and Korean job stress and its subdomain were identified. Results: Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ of COPSOQ-K scales was adequate or good (0.66~0.87). The major COPSOQ-K scales predict job satisfaction, self-rated health, stress, sleeping troubles burnout, and sickness absence. The major COPSOQ-K scales were correlated with Korean job stress and its subdomain. Conclusion: The COPSOQ-K scales have satisfactory reliability and criteria-related validity. The COPSOQ-K scales will be useful for the future studies and practices associated with psychosocial working environment.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.1690-1707
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• 2021

Precipitation prediction during flood season has been a key task of climate prediction for a long time. This type of prediction is linked with the national economy and people's livelihood, and is also one of the difficult problems in climatology. At present, there are some precipitation forecast models for the flood season, but there are also some deviations from these models, which makes it difficult to forecast accurately. In this paper, based on the measured precipitation data from the flood season from 1993 to 2019 and the precipitation return data of CWRF, ANN cycle modeling and a weighted integration method is used to correct the CWRF used in today's operational systems. The MAE and TCC of the precipitation forecast in the flood season are used to check the prediction performance of the proposed algorithm model. The results demonstrate a good correction effect for the proposed algorithm. In particular, the MAE error of the new algorithm is reduced by about 50%, while the time correlation TCC is improved by about 40%. Therefore, both the generalization of the correction results and the prediction performance are improved.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.393-410
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• 2021

The Korean Long-Term Care Insurance (K-LTCI) provides financial support for long-term care service to people who need various types of assistance with daily activities. As the number of elderly people in Korea is expected to increase in the future, the demand for long-term care insurance would also increase over time. Projection of future expenditure on K-LTCI depends on the number of beneficiaries within the grading system of K-LTCI based on the test scores of applicants. This study investigated the suitability of mixture distributions to the model K-LTCI score distribution using recent empirical data on K-LTCI, provided by the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS). Based on the developed mixture models, the number of beneficiaries in each grade and its variability under the current grading system were estimated by simulation. It was observed that a mixture model is suitable for K-LTCI score distribution and may prove useful in devising a funding plan for K-LTCI benefit payment and investigating the effects of any possible revision in the K-LTCI grading system.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.4163-4183
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• 2021

As measures for protecting users and ensuring security of electronic financial transactions, such as online banking, financial institutions in South Korea have implemented network segregation policies. However, a revision of such domain-centered standardized network segregation policies has been increasingly requested because of: 1) increased demand for remote work due to changes resulting from COVID-19 pandemic; and 2) the difficulty of applying new technologies of fintech companies based on information and communications technologies (ICTs) such as cloud services. Therefore, in this study, problems of the remote work environment arising from the network segregation policy currently applied to the financial sector in South Korea and those from the application of new ICTs such as fintech technology have been investigated. In addition, internal network protection policies of foreign financial sectors, such as those of the United States, United Kingdom, European Union, and Russia, and internal network protection policies of non-financial sectors, such as control systems, have been analyzed. As measures for the effective improvement of the current network segregation policy, we propose a policy change from domain-based to data-centric network segregation. Furthermore, to resolve threats of hacking at remote work, recently emerging as a global problem due to COVID-19 pandemic, a standard model for remote work system development applicable to financial companies and a reinforced terminal security model are presented, and an alternative control method applicable when network segregation is not applied is proposed.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 5th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.583-586
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• 2013

Construction processes are highly repetitive. A resource entity continuously cycles through work tasks that processes or uses resources. Web-CYCLONE (Halpin 1992) has been accepted as a useful tool for modeling and analyzing a specific operation. However the system has a lack of practicality as follows: (1) it does not efficiently record and keep track of operation models in a database; (2) it does not provide the functions which facilitate to retrieve corresponding model and to update local variables of the model using observed data; (3) it does not automate the complex process that executes simulation experiment, analyzes simulation outputs and generates a report on behalf of the practitioners. Therefore, practitioners have a difficulty in reusing, modifying and analyzing the existing operation models. This study introduces a Client/Server based CYCLONE that improves above-mentioned limitations in the existing Web-CYCLONE. The system was illustrated by revising CSPU in practice.

• 산업진흥연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2024

본 연구는 기업의 자율성을 강화하는 내용은 담은 2012년 화장품법 전면 개정이 화장품 산업에 가져온 혁신 효과를 실증적으로 검증해보고자 한다. 2008년-2014년 식품의약품안전처의 화장품 생산실적 자료를 이용하여 패널고정효과 모형을 추정한 결과, 법 개정 이후 화장품 제조업체 당 평균 생산액과 생산량 등 생산실적이 유의하게 증가함을 확인하였다. 또한 법 개정에 따라 화장품 제조업체의 제품혁신 성과, 즉 품목 수와 신제품 수가 모두 유의하게 증가하는 것도 확인할 수 있었다. 추가적으로 혁신을 유발하는 하나의 경로로서 잠재시장의 확대를 살펴보았다. 분석 결과, 화장품법의 개정과 화장품 시장의 잠재적인 규모가 양의 상관관계를 가지며, 잠재시장규모의 증가는 기업의 혁신 활동을 증가시킴을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 정부의 제도 개선이 산업의 혁신과 진흥에 긍정적인 영향을 줄 수 있다는 점을 보여준다.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.171-179
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• 2024

Aircraft ground services are essential to the aviation industry and aviation services, yet management systems and improvement measures for operations and safety have not been adequately addressed in the revision of the old aviation law. This study utilized structural equation modeling and the UTAUT model to analyze the perceived acceptance of smart safety technologies among ground handling service workers. The findings indicated that perceived ease of use had a more significant than perceived usefulness impact on the acceptance of smart safety technologies among ground handling service workers. In light of these findings, it is recommended that the aviation safety management authority establish a policy vision for the adoption of smart safety technologies and consider implementing measures such as the introduction of smart safety technology test beds to enhance safety management and work efficiency of aircraft ground handling services.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제18권
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• pp.213-276
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• 1990

To revise and develop a 'Model' Curriculum for training the middle standing professionals equipped with professional technology and theories at the spot of the library, such process were executed as research on bibliographic material and literature, utilization of examination of various questionnaires, interviews with middle standing librarians at the spot of the library, a review on the operational state of the Professor's Association of Library Science of Junior Colleges, some consultation with the Research & Deliberation Committee on Curriculums, etc., and to review the present department of library science at the two-year course's short-term colleges or institutes in foreign countries, Germany which is thought to be similar to our nation's situations and its level of economy and Singapore which is considered to be a newly emerging nation were looked into typically. In particular, since studies on the curriculums of the Library Science Dept. of colleges had already preceded, thereby the framework of the 'Model' curriculum was already achieved, however to review how well such framework is applied to the spot of education and give some improvement on that, some unrelistic findings of different subjects in consideration with reality, while comparing those curriculum schedules of each Library Science Dept. with the 'Model' curriculum schedule, were supplemented or revised to be fit to reality. For some supplementing or revising proposals on the pre studied 'Model' curriculum, some tentative plans which focussed on each field respectively and some tentative plans which focussed on cultural subjects, required major subjects and elective subjects were suggested in duality to be referred to. On such a process of forming a harmony of educational theories and practice, it was planned to revise and develop curriculum in a sense emphasizing on practical exercise, and tried not to neglect on each of the fields of the curriculum centered on the areas of materials organization, linguistics, information resource, information science, library organization, & administration, etc. The study on curriculums should be performed flexible to be applied to the accelerating transition of sciences, and be good examples in instruction.