• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.501-505
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• 2008

Serial ultrasonographic examinations were performed on 9 Miniature Schnauzer bitches from day 15 of gestation until parturition to determine the ultrasonographic measurement of gestational structures. Ovulation was designated the day that plasma progesterone concentration exceeded 4.0 ng/ml (day 0). Extra-fetal structures were measured from day 17 or 18 to 60. Outer uterine diameter (OUD) increased from $6.50{\pm}1.06mm$ ($Mean{\pm}SD$) to $50.89{\pm}5.62mm$, inner chorionic cavity diameter (ICCD) increased from $2.10{\pm}0.15mm$ to $37.15{\pm}4.36mm$, and length of placenta (PL) increased from $7.50 {\pm}1.41mm$ to $40.62{\pm}3.27mm$. OUD and ICCD were significantly and linearly relative to gestational age especially through day 37, whereas PL was not significantly relative to gestational age. Of the extra-fetal structures, ICCD was the most accurate for estimation of gestational age before day 38 of gestation. Fetal structures increased at a linear rate to parturition. Fetal crown-rump length (CRL) increased from $2.55{\pm}0.07mm$ on day 22 to $85.25{\pm}9.89mm$ on day 48. Fetal head diameter (HD) increased from $3.43{\pm}0.64mm$ on day 27 to $25.06{\pm}0.41mm$ on day 63. Fetal body diameter (BD) increased from $ 5.96{\pm}0.84mm$ on day 30 to $43.76{\pm}3.36mm$ on day 63. Of the fetal structures, HD was the most accurate for estimation of gestational age after day 38 to parturition.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.151-157
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• 2009

Serial ultrasonography was conducted on Miniature Schnauzer bitches, on purpose to observe the ultrasonographic appearance of normal ovaries and ovarian structures during the estrous cycle. The size of ovaries was increased from $76.8{\pm}7.5mm^2(Mean{\pm}S.D)$ on Day-12 (Day-0=ovulation day) to $114.4{\pm}5.5mm^2$ on Day-8 and there was no significantly different between both ovaries. The ovaries were recognized by its proximity to the caudal renal pole and appeared moderately echogenic oval shape with a smooth contour. The size of follicles was increased from $8.1{\pm}4.5mm^2$ on Day-12 to $114.4{\pm}5.5mm^2$ on Day-0 and there was no significantly different between both ovaries. The number of follicles was increased from $2.8{\pm}0.7$ on Day-12 to $1.1{\pm}0.1$ on Day-0 and there was no significantly different between both ovaries. The follicles were small anechoic fluid-filled structures in early of proestrus, more increased, and indistinguished from each follicles in late of proestrus. The size of corpora lutea was increased from $19.3{\pm}2.1mm^2$ on Day-0 to $26.4{\pm}8.1mm^2$ on Day-8 and there was no significantly different between both ovaries. The number of corpora lutea was increased from $1.4{\pm}0.6$ on Day-0 to $2.9{\pm}0.4$ on Day-38 and there was no significantly different between both ovaries. The corpora lutea were small anechoic cavity and thin hyperechoic wall in early of diestrus, became more hyperechoic, and increased homogenous structures. The results of this study would be useful for differential diagnosis between normal and abnormal structures of ovaries.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2010

This study was carried out the normal serial ultrasonographic appearance of the postpartum uterine involution with small pet bitches. Postpartum changes in uterine shape, architecture, echogenicity and diameter were monitored with ultrasonography in small pet bitches (Miniature Schnauzer, Cocker Spaniel and Shih-tzu). In the Miniature Schnauzer bitches, uterine diameter of the placental sites and interplacental sites were decreased from $24.31{\pm}1.65\;mm$ at 1 day to $13.56{\pm}0.76\;mm$at 7 day, and $15.19{\pm}1.28\;mm$ at 1 day to $10.41{\pm}0.76\;mm$ at 7 day postpartum. In the Cocker Spaniel, the placental sites and interplacental sites were decreased from $24.90{\pm}1.62\;mm$ at 1 day to $14.14{\pm}1.21\;mm$at 7 day, and $15.33{\pm}1.47\;mm$ at 1 day to $10.19{\pm}0.83\;mm$ at 7 day postpartum. In the Shih-tzu, the placental sites and interplacental sites were decreased from $23.96{\pm}1.55\;mm$at 1 day to $13.84{\pm}0.94\;mm$ at 7 day, and $14.93{\pm}1.29\;mm$ at 1 day to $9.98{\pm}0.84\;mm$ at 7 day postpartum. And uterine diameter was no statistically significant difference among bitches (p>0.05). At 67 days, the uterine diameter in Miniature Schnauzer bitches were 6~7 mm both placental and interplacental sites, and the uterine horns showed uniform hypoechoic, tubular structures without enlargement. In present study, the involution of the uterus was completed at 67 days after parturition in Miniature Schnauzer, and 65 days in Cocker Spaniel and the Shih-tzu. There were no significant differences of normal postpartum uterine involution between small pet bitches (p>0.05). In conclusion, the postpartum involution of small pet bitches appeared to be completed normally at 65~67 days after parturition and could be identified by gross findings such as vaginal discharges and ultrasonographic findings of uterine shape and echogenicity.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2008

Vaginal cytology with behavioral observation was performed in 34 estrous cycles in 16 Miniature Schnauzer dogs to evaluate the its usefulness. The mean duration of proestrus and estrus in Miniature Schnauzer based on behavioral observation and vaginal cytology was $7.58{\pm}1.50$ (Mean ${\pm}$S.D., range: $5{\sim}10$) and $8.46{\pm}2.82\;(6{\sim}17)$ days for proestrus, and $6.97{\pm}1.66\;(4{\sim}10)$ and $10.29{\pm}2.61\;(6{\sim}19)$ days for estrus, respectively. The duration of each phase of the estrous cycle was not significantly different based on between behavioral observation and vaginal cytology. The gestational length from the first day of male acceptance was $66.55{\pm}2.91\;(64{\sim}76)$ days, $57.70{\pm}1.92\;(54{\sim}62)$ days from the first male refusal, and $56.90{\pm}1.62\;(54{\sim}60)$ days from the onset of cytologic diestrus, respectively. Vaginal cytology during the estrous cycle were significantly characteristic of large intermediate cells in proestrus, anuclear cells in estrus, small intermediate cells in diestrus, and parabasal cells and small intermediate cells in anestrus (p<0.001), respectively. Cornification index (CI) by vaginal cytology was higher in proestrus ($69.90{\pm}1.44%$) and estrus ($91.35{\pm}1.09%$), then it was decreased in diestrus ($13.53{\pm}1.28%$) and anestrus ($1.16{\pm}1.26%$).

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.429-434
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• 2011

본 연구는 반려견 사료 내 주요 탄수화물원인 밀가루(원물기준 약 51%)를 현미로 15%, 30% 대체 급여하였을 때, 사료의 소화율 및 배설 분의 특성 변화를 조사하기 위하여 슈나우져(Miniature Schnauzer) 강아지(8~9개월령, 시험개시 평균체중 $5.0{\pm}0.3$ kg) 6마리를 이용 반복 $3{\times}3$ 라틴방각법에 따라 실험을 수행하였다. 현미 대체에 의해 조단백질을 제외한 건물, 유기물, 산분해 지방, 에너지 소화율이 linear (P<0.01)하게 증가하였다. 사료의 가소화에너지 및 대사에너지 농도(kcal/kg DM)도 현미 대체 비율이 증가하면서 linear 하게 증가(각각 P=0.001, P=0.006)하였다. 생분 배설량과 건조 분량도 모두 linear (P<0.001, P=0.004)하게 감소하였고, 특히 현미 30% 처리구는 대조구보다 생분 배설량이 약 21% 감소하였다. 분 score 또한 linear (P<0.05) 또는 quadratic (P<0.01) 개선 효과가 있었지만, 분 암모니아 농도는 현미구에서 높은 경향(P=0.07)을 보였다. 분 암모니아 증가는 linear하게 감소(P=0.001)한 short-chain fatty acid 농도와도 관계가 있을 것으로 판단된다. 본 실험의 결과, 현미 급여가 반려견의 영양소 소화율과 배설 분의 특성을 개선해 주는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국임상수의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국임상수의학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.185-185
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• 2006

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.338-342
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• 2015

12살 중성화 수컷 Miniature Schnauzer 견이 4일 동안 식욕부진, 구토, 기면과 고열로 내원하였다. 혈액 및 혈청검사에서는 백혈구 증가증, 혈소판감소증, 저혈당증, 저알부민혈증, 고빌리루빈혈증, 간효소치의 증가를 보였다. 복부초음파 검사에서 담낭의 고에코성의 불규칙한 벽의 비후 소견이 두드러지고, 심초음파 검사에서 대동맥 및 승모판의 증식성 변화와 역류를 보였다. 초음파유도하에 경피적담낭첨자술을 통하여 담즙을 흡인하고 배양하여 E.coli 감염을 확인하였다. 따라서 세균성 담낭염과 병발한 심내막염을 진단하였다. 항생제 감수성 검사를 통한 적절한 항생 요법과 적극적인 입원 치료를 통하여 패혈증에서 회복이 되었다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

Hematological and serum biochemical analyses are routinely used to screen dogs for disease and monitor their clinical progression. These values in dogs may be affected by internal factors, such as breed and age, and external factors like environment, diet, and lifestyle. Apparently, subclinical breed-related variations in hematologic and serum biochemical results have been characterized for Bernese Mountain dogs, Alaskan Malamutes, English Setters, and Golden Retrievers. It is possible that some breed-related differences in clinical pathology analyses may reflect evidence of underlying disease and impact clinical decision plan. In this study, we estimated hematologic and serum biochemical parameters in small breed dogs and compared among four different breed dogs. Blood samples were collected from 38 domestic dogs that were 10 Beagles, 9 Malteses, 10 Poodles, and 9 Miniature Schnauzers. In terms of RBC count, Beagle ($7.2{\pm}0.24{\times}10^3cells/{\mu}L$) showed significantly (P<0.05) higher count than other breeds (Maltese, $6.51{\pm}0.25{\times}10^3cells/{\mu}L$; Poodle, $6.35{\pm}0.24{\times}10^3cells/{\mu}L$; and Miniature Schnauzer, $6.35{\pm}0.25{\times}10^3cells/{\mu}L$). For MCV, Miniature Schnauzer ($67.05{\pm}0.84fl$) results were significantly (P<0.05) higher than Beagle with $64.33{\pm}0.8fl$. For cholesterol value, Beagle ($163.3{\pm}9.15mg/dl$) had significantly (P<0.05) higher values than Miniature Schnauzer with $119.12{\pm}9.64mg/dl$. There was no statistically difference among breeds in terms of enzyme markers of liver diseases. In conclusion, data obtained from this study may be valuable as breed-related variability for interpretation of the results in hematologic and serum biochemical analysis among four small breed dogs.

• 한국임상수의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국임상수의학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.163-163
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• 2007

• 한국임상수의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국임상수의학회 2007년도 추계국제학술대회 및 컨퍼런스
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• pp.606-606
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• 2007