• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2020

PURPOSE. The purpose of this in vitro study was to examine the reliability of the Anycheck device and the effect of the healing abutment diameter on the Anycheck values (implant stability test, IST). MATERIALS AND METHODS. Thirty implants were placed into three artificial bone blocks with 10 Ncm, 15 Ncm, and 35 Ncm insertion torque value (ITV), respectively (n = 10). (1) The implant stability was measured with three different kinds of devices (Periotest M, Osstell ISQ Mentor, and Anycheck). (2) Five different diameters (4.0, 4.5, 4.8, 5.5, and 6.0 mm) of healing abutments of the same height were connected to the implants and the implant stability was measured four times in different directions with Anycheck. The measured mean values were statistically analyzed. RESULTS. The correlation coefficient between the mean implant stability quotient (ISQ) and IST value was 0.981 (P<.01) and the correlation coefficient between the meant periotest value (PTV) and IST value was -0.931 (P<.01). There were no statistically significant differences among the IST values with different healing abutment diameters. CONCLUSION. There was a strong correlation between the Periotest M and Anycheck values and between the ISQ and IST. The diameter of the healing abutment had no effect on the Anycheck values.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.375-393
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• 2006

Under high velocity, pulse type near source earthquakes semi-active control systems are very effective in reducing seismic response base isolated structures. Semi-active control systems can be classified as: 1) independently variable stiffness, 2) independently variable damping, and 3) combined variable stiffness and damping systems. Several researchers have studied the effectiveness of independently varying damping systems for seismic response reduction of base isolated structures. In this study effectiveness of a combined system consisting of a semi-active independently variable stiffness (SAIVS) device and a magnetorheological (MR) damper in reducing seismic response of base isolated structures is analytically investigated. The SAIVS device can vary the stiffness, and hence the period, of the isolation system; whereas, the MR damper enhances the energy dissipation characteristics of the isolation system. Two separate control algorithms, i.e., a nonlinear tangential stiffness moving average control algorithm for smooth switching of the SAIVS device and a Lyapunov based control algorithm for damping variation of MR damper, are developed. Single and multi degree of freedom systems consisting of sliding base isolation system and both the SAIVS device and MR damper are considered. Results are presented in the form of nonlinear response spectra, and effectiveness of combined variable stiffness and variable damping system in reducing seismic response of sliding base isolated structures is evaluated. It is shown that the combined variable stiffness and variable damping system leads to significant response reduction over cases with variable stiffness or variable damping systems acting independently, over a broad period range.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.186-197
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a program for reinforcing the resilience of new nurses and relation-oriented organizational culture. Methods: An Intervention Research (IR) model was used to develop a program. Literature review, focus group interviews with nurses and need surveys were conducted from August to December 2018. Based on the results of the investigation, the researcher developed the content of a program. The program was revised by nurse managers for the content validation. Results: According to the results of the need surveys, 58.8% of the participants thought relation-oriented culture was the most ideal, and 61.8% of the participants wanted to participate in a program for organizational culture improvement. In the focus group interview, not only new nurses but also wards and nursing organizations should be a target subject of the program. Reinforcement of resilience and relation (3R) program was developed as a one-year course, which includes a 'mentor-mentee' program and a 'thanks' program. Conclusion: It would contribute to improving the resilience of new nurses and creating a relation-oriented organizational culture by 3R program. The 3R program could play a role as expanded program from an existing pragmatic short-term training program for improving the competencies or communication skills of new nurses.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.131-140
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• 2018

KAIE 컴퓨팅시스템 교육과정은 정보기기, 운영체제, 정보통신 영역으로 구성되어 있으며 컴퓨터과학에 대한 기본적인 이해와 원리를 다루고 있다. 이러한 교육과정의 성취기준을 달성하기 위해서는 교사의 역할이 무엇보다 중요하다. 따라서 KAIE 컴퓨팅시스템 교육과정과 관련하여 교사의 교수역량에 영향을 미치는 요인을 알아보았다. 연구결과 교사의 정보통신기술 소양을 매개로 한 교사의 교수방법이 컴퓨팅시스템 교육과정의 교수역량에 통계적으로 유의미한 결과를 보였다. 또한 남성교사의 경우 여성교사보다 전체 요인별로 더 높게 인식하는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 5년 미만과 5~10년 미만 교사 그룹에서 교수역량의 차이가 크게 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 저경력 교사와 여성 교사의 ICT와 SW교수역량을 강화하고 참여를 활성화 할 수 있는 협력적인 SW 교수전략 및 멘토 중심의 연수 프로그램 개발이 필요하다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.518-528
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• 2008

Purpose: The long-term experience of using osseointegrated implants for prosthetic rehabilitation of the edentulous patients shows that high success rates can be predictably achieved. Primary implant stability has been identified to be a prerequisite to achieve osseointegration. In this study, we set up the amount of removed bone so that it differed on implant installation site for each group. The influence of each initial stability on secondary stability and osseointegration was compared with time lapse using resonance frequency analysis and histomorphometric analysis. Materials and methods: A total 27 US $II^{(R)}$ (Osstem, Korea) implants were placed in the mandibular edentulous area of 3 beagle dogs. The implant site was prepared by the conventional technique with drills, and three experimental groups were divided into under-drilling group, normal-drilling group and over-drilling group. The Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) was measured at intervals of immediately, 4, 8, 12 weeks after placement using $Osstell^{(R)}$ mentor RFA. After the animals were sacrificed, histomorphometric evaluation was executed for measuring BIC and BD. Results: 1) The under-drilled group showed most high ISQ value for whole experiment period. 2) Bone-to-implant-contact(BIC) showed the tendency to be increased gradually as the experiment period passed except the 8 weeks of the normal group. 3) The under-drilled group showed most high bone density(BD) level for whole experiment period, and it was expressed the aspect to be increased gradually according to an experiment period passage in the average of all group. 4) Resonance frequency analysis and histomorphometric analysis are presumed by generally proportional. Conclusions: As this research result, it seems that there are some correlation between resonance frequency analysis and histomorphometric analysis. As are accomplished osseointegration stably so that more superior at the region which the overpressure comes to add, it will be applicable method in clinical field.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제39권
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• pp.2.1-2.6
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• 2017

Background: All clinicians are aware of the difficulty of installing a dental implant in posterior maxilla because of proximate position of maxillary sinus, insufficient bone width, and lower bone density. This study is to examine which factors will make the implantation in the posterior maxilla more difficult, and which factors will affect the postoperative implant stability in this region. Methods: Five hundred seventy-three fixtures on the maxilla posterior were included for this study from all the patients who underwent an installation of the dental implant fixture from January 2010 to December 2014 at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in Pusan National University Dental Hospital (Yangsan, Korea). The postoperative implant stability quotient (ISQ) value, fixture diameter and length, presence of either bone graft or sinus lift, and graft material were included in the reviewed factors. The width and height of the bone bed was assessed via preoperative cone beam CT image analysis. The postoperative ISQ value was taken just before loading by using the OsstellTM $mentor^{(R)}$ (Integration Diagnostics AB, Gothenburg, Sweden). The t test and ANOVA methods were used in the statistical analysis of the data. Results: Mean ISQ of all the included data was 79.22. Higher initial bone height, larger fixture diameter, and longer fixture length were factors that influence the implant stability on the posterior edentulous maxilla. On the other hand, the initial bone width, bone graft and sinus elevation procedure, graft material, and approach method for sinus elevation showed no significant impact associated with the implant stability on the posterior edentulous maxilla. Conclusions: It is recommended to install the fixtures accurately in a larger diameter and longer length by performing bone graft and sinus elevation.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제39권
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• pp.21.1-21.6
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• 2017

Background: The purposes of the present study were to compare implant stabilities of mandibular block bone graft and bovine bone graft and to evaluate influencing factors for implant stability in mandibular block bone (MBB) graft. Methods: This retrospective study investigated 1224 cases and 389 patients treated by one surgeon in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Pusan National University Dental Hospital (Yangsan, Korea) between January 2010 and December 2014. Proportions that MBB graft cases constitute in all implant restoration cases and in all bone graft cases were measured. Implant stability quotient (ISQ) values were achieved by the same surgeon before loading. The average ISQ values of the experimental groups were compared. In addition, ISQ values of influencing factors, such as age, sex, implant size, and implant placement site, were compared within the MBB group using $Osstell^{TM}$ Mentor ($Osstell^{(R)}$, $G{\ddot{o}}teborg$, Sweden). Paired t test and ANOVA were conducted for statistical analysis with a significance level of 0.05. Results: Fifty-five percent of all implant restoration cases performed bone graft while MBB cases constituted 34% of all implant restoration cases and 61% of all bone graft cases. Comparing ISQ values according to bone graft materials, the MBB group manifested sufficient implant stability by presenting comparable ISQ value to that of the experimental group without bone graft. Among the reviewed factors, females, mandibular molar regions, and implants in larger diameter displayed greater implant stabilities. Conclusions: Satisfactory implant stability was accomplished upon administration of MBB graft. Within the limitation of this study, gender, implant site, and implant diameter were speculated to influence on implant stability in MBB graft.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제40권
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• pp.8.1-8.6
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• 2018

Background: This study was to evaluate the effect of bone graft procedure on the primary stability of implants installed in fresh sockets and assess the vertical alteration of peri-implant bone radiographically. Methods: Twenty-three implants were inserted in 18 patients immediately after tooth extraction. The horizontal gap between the implant and bony walls of the extraction socket was grafted with xenografts. The implant stability before and after graft procedure was measured by Osstell Mentor as implant stability quotient before bone graft (ISQ bbg) and implant stability quotient after bone graft (ISQ abg). Peri-apical radiographs were taken to measure peri-implant bone change immediately after implant surgery and 12 months after implant placement. Data were analyzed by independent t test; the relationships between stability parameters (insertion torque value (ITV), ISQ abg, and ISQ bbg) and peri-implant bone changes were analyzed according to Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: The increase of ISQ in low primary stability group (LPSG) was 6.87 ± 3.62, which was significantly higher than the increase in high primary stability group (HPSG). A significant correlation between ITV and ISQ bbg (R = 0.606, P = 0.002) was found; however, age and peri-implant bone change were not found significantly related to implant stability parameters. It was presented that there were no significant peri-implant bone changes at 1 year after bone graft surgery. Conclusions: Bone graft procedure is beneficial for increasing the primary stability of immediately placed implants, especially when the ISQ of implants is below 65 and that bone grafts have some effects on peri-implant bone maintenance.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.1139-1156
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• 2012

본 연구는 과학고 및 영재고 학생 및 지도자들의 Research and Education (R&E) 프로그램에 대한 인식을 조사하기 위하여 이루어졌다. 총 1,466명의 학생과 310명의 지도자가 설문에 참여하였다. 설문지는 크게 R&E 수행과정에 대한 학생과 지도자의 인식(주제선정 단계, 주제 관련 사전지식 학습 단계, 연구 설계와 문제해결 및 수행 단계, 평가 및 발표 단계)과 R&E 수행환경에 대한 인식(충분한 연구기간 및 시간 확보, 지도자와 학생의 자유롭고 충분한 만남, 연구기반 시설과 설비를 충분히 갖춘 학습 환경)에 관한 질문들로 구성되었다. 분석결과, R&E 연구수행의 전 단계 중 초반부에 해당하는 주제선정 단계와 주제관련 지식학습 단계에서 지도자와 학생의 인식차가 가장 크게 나타났으며, 그 외의 수행과정 및 환경 요인에서도 인식의 차이를 보였다. 이와 같은 결과를 바탕으로 결론 및 논의에서 R&E 프로그램 개선을 위한 제안이 이루어졌다.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.247-262
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• 2018

This study investigates the process of PCK formation for 2017 novice teachers in Busan. This study was conducted parallel to quantitative research using the H-PCK measurement tool as well as qualitative research methods through an open questionnaire and after-interview. Consequently, the H-PCK level of novice teachers was 3.51. The knowledge of perspective on home economics education (KP) was 3.87, knowledge of home economics curriculum (KC) was 3.37 and the knowledge of home economics instructional strategies (KI) was 3.39. Study participants reported that curriculum knowledge, curriculum content knowledge, and teaching strategy knowledge were formed through preparation for appointment; however, it was not possible to judge if PCK was formed for the restructuring ability or the reconstruction ability. Knowledge related to curriculum content was learned through teacher training, internet teacher community, and internet information materials. Knowledge of teaching strategies was learned through 1-2 teaching consulting or peer scholarship. It is necessary to revise the university curriculum (such as expansion of curriculum education, expansion of experience in teaching practice, and actual case study) order to form PCK. Second, it should be developed and operated various training programs for the formation of home economics education curriculum knowledge. Third, it is necessary to organize a nationwide system to support the mentor. In the future, it is necessary to study PCK analysis for each unit and topic as well as to explain methods that can be provided to field teachers.