• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.296-300
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• 1998

When medicinal mushroom, Poria cocos, is cultured , inoculation method of spawn is cross slice inoculation of which the both sides of pine tree were peeled and spawn of P.cocos was inoculated. However, this method required lots of inoculation amount. This study was carried out to improve the culturing method of P. cocos. A good growth of P.cocos was observed in MCM(mushroom complete medium), showing proper mycelia growth and density. In inoculation amount, conventional method(cross slice inoculation) requires 20 bottles of spawn. In contrast, short log method required 8 bottles of spawn and drilling inoculation method 2~3 bottles, which could save by 60% and 85-90% respectively. In the selectrion of tree species, pine and larch had better condition for spawn culture and sclerotia formation condition.In terms of yield , pine was 33.7kg/3.3$m^2$. In the yield of pine, conventional method was 23.4kg/3.3$m^2$, drilling inoculation 29.4kg/3.3$m^2$, short log inoculation 31.7kg/3.3$m^2$, therefore drilling inoculation could increase by 25% and short log inoculation 35%, In addition, management cost was also saved.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.330-333
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• 2015

This study was carried out to compare the anti-inflammation effects of various fruiting body of Ganoderma species and Cordyceps militaris, Phelinus linteus extracts. We concentrated Ganoderma species and other medicinal mushrooms by extracting with ethanol. And We made it $100{\mu}g/ml$ concentration. As a result of nitrite scavenging activity, in the contrast to the positive control; Ascorbic acid was 25%, ASI 7080 of Ganoderma species was disappeared up to around 40%. And in the contrast to Ascorbic acid was 55%, ASI 7002 was 78.5% that was the highest anti-inflammation effect in the result of "No assay test". The Cordyceps militaris showed 75% and Hericium erinaceus showed 59.7% of anti-inflammation effect. As a result of the fungus yield control test of $TNF-{\alpha}$ through ELISA method to ASI 7002 of Ganoderma species that showed the highest anti-inflammation, it was reduced as same as LPS non-treatment. We extracted RNA from ASI 7002 Ganoderma species 10, 50, $100{\mu}g/ml$ concentration and LPS $10{\mu}g/ml$ of Raw 264.7 cell. And we tested the expression of iNOS, COX-2 and TNF-a that are kinds of inflammation gene after synthesizing RNA with cDNA. Finally we could find that iNOS, COX-2 and TNF-a were all controlled expression in the result of above experiment.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.194-200
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• 2013

Polyporus umbellatus (Syn. Grifola umbellata) is a sclerotium forming mushroom belongs to family Polyporaceae of Polyphorales, Basidiomycota. The sclerotia of P. umbellatus have long been used for traditional medicines in China, Korea and Japan. This study was initiated to obtain the basic data for artificial sclerotial production of P. umbellatus. Here, we investigated the favorable conditions for mycelial growth of P. umbellatus and its symbiotic fungus Armillaria mellea. We also evaluate the favorable carbon and nitrogen sources for sclerotial formation in dual culture between P. umbellatus and A. mellea. The favorable conditions for mycelial growth of P. umbellatus were $20^{\circ}C$ and pH 4, while optimal conditions for mycelial growth of A. mellea were $25^{\circ}C$ and pH 6. The carbon sources for optimal mycelial growth of P. umbellatus were fructose and glucose, while carbon sources for favorable mycelial growth of A. mellea were also fructose and glucose. The nitrogen sources for favorable mycelial growth P. umbellatus were peptone and yeast extract, while optimal mycelial growth of A. mellea were obtained in peptone and yeast extract. When P. umbellatus and A. mellea were dual cultured on carbon sources, sclerotia were induced on basal media supplemented with glucose, fructose and maltose at pH 4~6, while nitrogen sources inducing sclerotia were basal media supplemented with peptone and yeast extract for 60 days at $20^{\circ}C$ under dark condition.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.816-821
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• 2004

A reliable molecular phylogenetic method to identify Hericium erinaceum, the most industrially valuable species in the Hericium genus, was established. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of the PCR-amplified ITS and 5.8S rDNA from Hericium fungi, including 6 species and 23 isolates, showed that variation in nucleotide sequences and size exists in both ITS1 and ITS2 regions, but not in the 5.8S region. These two ITS regions provided different levels of information on the relationship of H. erinaceum to other Hericium species. Based on the ITS1 sequence, both the parsimony and neighbor joining trees clearly distinguished Asian H. erinaceum isolates from other Hericium species and isolates. The intraspecific divergence of the ITS2 region was suitable to dissect the Asian H. erinaceum isolates into a few groups.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1387-1393
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• 2007

Hambag mushroom is edible mushroom, and one of new strains in Grifola frondosa. It was developed from Korean wild Grifola frondosa by National Institute Science & Technology. In this study, we investigated the effects of the powder extracted from fruit-body of hambag mushroom on hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia and pancreatic cells in rats with streptozotocin (STZ) and high fat diet-induced diabetes. The diabetic rats were fed with hambag mushroom-powder (1 and 2% of diet weight) for 6 weeks. And then the levels of blood glucose and lipid and the pancreatic tissue were analyzed and compared. The diabetic rats fed with hambag mushroom-powder lost less body weight than those fed with the powder-free normal diet. flood glucose levels in the diabetic rats fed with hambag mushroom-powder at all concentrations was lower by 50% than in the diabetic rats fed with normal diet. The levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol in the diabetic rats fed with hambag mushroom-powder were increased compared to those in the diabetic rats fed with normal diet. There were the blood levels of cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol by hambag mushroom-powder concentrations in a dose-dependent response. The decreased damage of pancreatic tissue in the group treated with hambag mushroom-powder could be suggested possibly as one of mechanisms for the effects of hambag mushroom-powder on hyperglycemia and hyperlipemia.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.109-115
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• 2002

Submerged cultures of Ganoderma lucidum, a valuable mushroom in traditional Chinese medicine, were used for production of bioactive Banoderic acids and Ganoderma polysaccharides. The significant effects of oxygen supply were demonstrated in both shake flasks and bioreactors. By changing the medium loading volume in a shake flask, a different value of initial volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient ($K_L$a) was obtained, and a higher $K_L$a value led to a higher biomass density and a higher productivity of both intracellular polysaccharide and ganoderic acid. In a stirred bioreactor, at an initial $K_L$a of 78.2 $h^{-1}$, a maximal cell concentration of 15.6 g/L by dry weight was obtained, as well as a maximal intracellular polysarcharide (IPS) production of 2.2 g/L and its maximal productivity of 220 mg/(L.d). An increase of initial $K_L$a led to a higher production and productivity of GA, and the GA production and productivity at an initial $K_L$a of 96.0 $h^{-1}$ was 1.8-fold those at an initial $K_L$a of 16.4 $h^{-1}$. The fundamental information obtained in this study may be useful for efficient large-scale production of these valuable bioactive products by the submerged cultures.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.171-177
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• 2016

The effects of medicinal mushroom (Sparassis crispa) powder supplementation on the rheological property of dough and the quality of bread were investigated. Naturally dried S. crispa powders (NDSCP) and freeze-dried ones (FDSCP) were prepared. Farinograph profiles of dough showed that mushroom powder addition at levels higher than 1% led to reduced dough stability suggested by decreased development time and increased weakness. The incorporation of S. crispa powders was significantly (p<0.05) lower compared to other mushrooms which might be attributed to its high content of beta-glucan. FDSCP was chosen over NDSCP because of its fragrant flavor which could be ascribed to the preservation of volatile polyphenol components. The quality of FDSCP bread was evaluated with respect to specific volume, texture, color, and organoleptic qualities. The specific volume of bread with S. crispa powder decreased compared to the control, while textural properties, such as hardness, chewiness, and gumminess, were enhanced. Sensory evaluation showed that 0.3% FDSCP incorporation presented the highest bread quality. With its daily consumption, S. crispa supplemented bread can provide consumers with multiple health benefits.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.47-52
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• 2017

Objective : Phellinus spp. mushroom is an object of interest because it has excellent anticancer effect. Owing to the similalarities in the morphology, Phellinus linteus and Phellinus baumii are often used as same Sang Hwang Mushroom in the Korean market.. The quality control for mushrooms is needed because there are many differences in the efficacy according to cultivation method and cultivation area. Therefore, a reliable authentication method of these herbal medicine is necessary to compare and measure the amount of beta-glucan which is known to have a hypoglycemic effect, from the mushrooms collected in various regions Methods : 7 samples of medicinal mushrooms supplying phellinus spp. were collected in Korea, China and Cambodia. We investigated the hardness, colors, extract ratio, ${\alpha}-amylase$ and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activities, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4) expressions of water extracts from Phellinus spp and also MTT assay were examined for cell toxicity. Results : The results revealed that Phellinus spp.water Ext.inhibited ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ activity. glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4), the key insulin signaling pathway transcription factor, was remarkably increased by the Phellinus baumii water extract Conclusions : These results suggest that The more yellowish the mushroom is, the lower the hardness, the more the content of ${\beta}-glucan$ is proportional. Because the more ${\beta}-glucan$, the greater the effect of hypoglycemia. compared to the hypoglycemic effect, Phellinus Baumii grown at hanging on selves for 7 month in the green house is the best.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.241-245
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• 2017

Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus), which has invaluable medicinal uses, grows only on living trees. To date, it is still harvested from its natural habitat and is not cultivated artificially. We artificially cultivated chaga mushrooms by inoculating its sawdust spawns on Betula platyphylla var. japonica in 2007, and monitored mushroom growth on the inoculated trees for 9 years. The mushrooms grew less than 1 cm per year, with the largest mushroom growing up to 9 cm in the 9 years of study. There was no difference in the growth (diameter at breast height) of trees with viable and non-viable I. obliquus. In conclusion, artificial cultivation of chaga mushroom was successful. Our findings suggest that selection of large B. platyphylla var. japonica as host tree could lead to better I. obliquus productivity. Further improvements of the method are needed to increase the success rate of I. obliquus inoculation.

• Mycobiology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.258-266
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• 2009

Pleurotus eryngii, known as king oyster mushroom has been widely used for nutritional and medicinal purposes. This study was initiated to screen the suitable conditions for mycelial growth and to determine the phylogenetic relationship of the selected strains. Optimal mycelial growth was observed at $30{^{\circ}C}$ and minimum mycelial growth observed at $10{^{\circ}C}$. This mushroom tolerates a broad pH range for mycelial growth, with most favorable growth observed at pH 6. Results also indicated that glucose peptone, yeast malt extract and mushroom complete media were favorable growth media, while Hennerberg and Hoppkins media were unfavorable. Dextrin was the best and xylose the least effective carbon sources. Results revealed that inorganic nitrogen sources were less effective than organic sources for the mycelial growth of P. eryngii. Investigation of genetic diversity is necessary to identify the strains. The ITS region of rDNA were amplified using PCR. The size of the ITS1 and ITS2 regions of rDNA from the different strains varied from 214 to 222 bp and 145 to 236 bp, respectively. The sequence of ITS2 was more variable than that of ITS1, and the 5.8S sequences were identical. A phylogenetic tree based on the ITS region sequences indicated that selected strains could be classified into six clusters. Fourteen IUM and ATCC- 90212 strains were also analyzed by RAPD with 20 arbitrary primers. Fourteen of these primers were efficiently amplified the genomic DNA. The number of amplified bands varied with the primers and strains, with polymorphic fragments in the range from 0.2 to 2.3 kb.