• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제39권5_6호
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• pp.743-749
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• 2021

The purpose of this article is to study few properties of fuzzy mean open and fuzzy mean closed sets in fuzzy topological spaces. Further, the idea of fuzzy mean clopen set is introduced. It is observed that a fuzzy mean clopen set is both fuzzy mean open and fuzzy mean closed but the converse is not true.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.1259-1265
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• 2016

In this paper, we introduce the notions of mean open and closed sets in topological spaces, and obtain some properties of such sets. We observe that proper paraopen and paraclosed sets are identical to mean open and closed sets respectively.

• Journal of Applied and Pure Mathematics
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• 제4권1_2호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2022

We have observed that there exist certain fuzzy topological spaces with no fuzzy minimal open sets. This observation motivates us to investigate fuzzy topological spaces with neither fuzzy minimal open sets nor fuzzy maximal open sets. We have observed if such fuzzy topological spaces exist and if it is connected are not fuzzy cut-point spaces. We also study and characterize certain properties of fuzzy mean open sets in fuzzy T₁-connected fuzzy topological spaces.

• Journal of Applied and Pure Mathematics
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• 제4권3_4호
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• pp.141-150
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• 2022

The aim of this article is to introduce hesitant fuzzy paraopen and hesitant fuzzy mean open sets in hesitant fuzzy topological spaces. Moreover we investigate and extend some properties of hesitant fuzzy mean open with hesitant fuzzy paraopen, hesitant fuzzy minmimal open and maximal open sets in hesitant fuzzy topological spaces.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1743-1758
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• 2023

Automatic modulation classification is a critical algorithm for non-cooperative communication systems. This paper addresses the challenging problem of closed-set and open-set signal modulation classification in complex channels. We propose a novel approach that incorporates a self-learning filter and center-loss in Deep Residual Shrinking Networks (DRSN) for closed-set modulation classification, and the Opendistance method for open-set modulation classification. Our approach achieves better performance than existing methods in both closed-set and open-set recognition. In closed-set recognition, the self-learning filter and center-loss combination improves recognition performance, with a maximum accuracy of over 92.18%. In open-set recognition, the use of a self-learning filter and center-loss provide an effective feature vector for open-set recognition, and the Opendistance method outperforms SoftMax and OpenMax in F1 scores and mean average accuracy under high openness. Overall, our proposed approach demonstrates promising results for automatic modulation classification, providing better performance in non-cooperative communication systems.

• Water Engineering Research
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.95-105
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• 2000

A method is presented which enables easily the computation of the suspended sediment discharge as the mean sediment concentration and mean flow velocity. This method has significant advantages over the traditional method, which principally depend on a set of measured concentration data. The method is based on both a new sediment concentration and mean sediment concentration equations which have been derived from the entropy concept used in statistical mechanics and information theory: (1) The sediment concentration distribution equations derived, are capable of describing the variation of the concentration in the vertical direction. (2) The mean concentration equation derived, is capable of calculating easily the mean concentration by using only one measured concentration in open channel. The present study mainly addresses the following two subjects : (1) new sediment concentration and mean sediment concentration equations are derived from the entropy concept : (2) An efficient and useful method of suspended sediment-discharge measurements is developed which can facilitate the estimation of suspended sediment-discharge in open channel. Flume and laboratory data are used to carry out the research task outlined above. An efficient method for determining the suspended sediment-discharge in the open channel has been developed. The method presented also is efficient and applicable in estimating the sediment transport in rivers and the sediment deposit in the reservoirs, and can drastically reduce the time and cost of sediment measurements.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.67-71
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• 2017

PURPOSE: Muscle fatigue is a cause to change proprioception. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of calf muscle fatigue and visual control on postural balance during single-legged standing in healthy adults. METHODS: Nineteen healthy adults (male) were participated in this study (mean age: 24.36 years; mean height: 171.32 cm; mean weight: 64.58 kg). The postural balance (sway length, sway area, sway velocity of COG displacement) was measured by Balance Trainer System (BT4) in before and after calf muscle fatigue feeling in single legged stance. In this study, repetitive single-legged heel rise test was used to induce fatigue of the calf muscle. Paired t- test was used to compare the postural balance between before and after calf muscle fatigue. Data of subjects were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Level of significance was set to .05. RESULTS: The sway length, sway area, sway velocity of COG (center of gravity) displacement after calf muscle fatigue feeling was significantly increased compared to before calf muscle fatigue feeling during single leg standing both eye open and close conditions (p<.05). CONCLUSION: This study suggested that calf muscle fatigue feeling has affected on postural balance when standing one leg both eye open and close conditions and postural control was disturbed by muscle fatigue and visual feedback in single leg standing.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.804-812
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• 1997

The present study has tested most of loss models previously published in the open literature and found an optimum set of empirical loss models for a reliable performance prediction of centrifugal compressors. In order to improve the prediction of efficiency curves, this paper recommends a modified parasitic loss model. Predicted performance curves by the proposed optimum set agree fairly well with experimental data for a variety of centrifugal compressors. The prediction method developed through this study can serve as a tool for preliminary design and assist the understanding of the operational characteristics of general purpose centrifugal compressors.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.56-68
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• 2022

본 논문에서는 VCM을 위한 다해상도 피처 맵에 대한 압축 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 압축 방법은 PCA 기반의 변환을 통해 다해상도 피처 맵의 채널 및 해상도 계층 간 중복성을 제거하며 변환에 사용된 기저 벡터와 평균 벡터 그리고 변환을 통해 얻어진 변환 계수를 각각의 특성에 따라 VVC 기반 부호화기와 DeepCABAC을 통하여 압축한다. 제안하는 방법의 성능을 측정하기 위하여 OpenImageV6와 COCO 2017 validation set에 대하여 객체 검출 성능을 평가하며, MPEG-VCM 앵커 및 본 논문에서 제안하는 피처 맵 압축 앵커 대비 bpp와 mAP를 BD-rate 관점에서 비교한다. 실험 결과, 제안하는 방법은 OpenImageV6에서 피처 맵 압축 앵커 대비 25.71%의 BD-rate 성능 향상을 보이며, 특히 COCO 2017 validation set의 크기가 큰 객체들에 대해서 MPEG-VCM 앵커 대비 최대 43.72%의 BD-rate 성능이 향상됨을 보인다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.152-161
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• 2007

This study was conducted to patients visited oral maxillo-facial surgery, KNUH and the purpose of the study was to assess skeletal and dento-alveolar stability after surgical-orthodontic correction treated by skeletal Class III malocclusion patients with open bite versus non-open bite. This retrospective study was based on the examination of 40 patient, 19 males and 21 females, with a mean age 22.3 years. The patients were divided into two groups based on open bite and non-open bite skeletal Class III malocclusion patients. The cephalometric records of 40 skeletal Class III malocclusion patients (open bite: n = 18, non-open bite: n = 22) were examined at different time point, i.e. before surgery(T1), immediately after surgery(T2), one year after surgery(T3). Bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy was performed in 40 patients. Rigid internal fixation was standard method used in all patient. Through analysis and evaluation of the cephalometric records, we were able to achieve following results of post-surgical stability and relapse. 1. There was no significant statistical differences between open bite and non-open bite with skeletal Class III malocclusion patients in maxillary occlusal plane angle of pre-operative stage(p>0.05). 2. Mean vertical relapses of skeletal Class III malocclusion patients with open bite were $0.02{\pm}1.43mm$ at B point and $0.42{\pm}1.56mm$ at Pogonion point. In skeletal Class III malocclusion patients with non-open bite, $0.12{\pm}1.55mm$ at B point and $0.08{\pm}1.57mm$ at Pogonion point. There was no significant statistical differences between open bite and non-open bite with skeletal Class III malocclusion patients in vertical relapse(p>0.05). 3. Mean horizontal relapses of skeletal Class III malocclusion patients with open bite were $1.22{\pm}2.21mm$ at B point and $0.74{\pm}2.25mm$ at Pogonion point. In skeletal Class III malocclusion patients with non-open bite, $0.92{\pm}1.81mm$ at B point and $0.83{\pm}2.11mm$ at Pogonion point. There was no significant statistical differences between open bite and non-open bite with skeletal Class III malocclusion patients in horizontal relapse(p>0.05). 4. There were no significant statistical differences between open bite and non-open bite with skeletal Class III malocclusion patients in post-surgical mandibular stability(p>0.05). and we believe this is due to minimized mandibular condylar positional change using mandibular condylar positioning system and also rigid fixation using miniplate 5. Although there was no significant relapse tendency observed at chin points, according to the Pearson correlation analysis, the mandibular relapse was influenced by the amount of vertical and horizontal movement of mandibular set-back(p=0.05, r>0.304).