• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.207-216
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• 2012

Through quantitative video analysis of four algebra classes and statistical analysis of various types of teacher evaluation behavior in the classroom teaching, we get: (1) Teacher evaluation behavior in classroom is close to take 1/5 of the total time of the classroom teaching, and it appears most frequently in class exercises and take the longest time; (2) There are many forms of teacher evaluation behavior in classroom, and most of the behaviors are positive assessment; (3) Recognition evaluation is relatively conservative in a single form without losing fairness; (4) Classroom assessments of teachers' behaviors are primarily concerned about students' knowledge and skills mastery, and it is less involved in student feelings, attitudes and behaviors; (5) The correct teacher evaluation behavior in classroom will inspire students to create internal motivations; and (6) The correct teacher evaluation behavior in classroom can stimulate the potential of students.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.141-161
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• 2011

This research is a laboratory study for the improvement of differential equation class, and the aim of this study is to propose the possibilities of applicable writing activities for differential equation courses in university. We analyzed how the writing activities can affect the improvement of abilities of the students' affective domain and cognitive domain. Although the results from the two areas did not show a big numerical improvements it proved that the writing activities have positive effects, especially for the group of lower level students. The students felt interested and became more confident with differential equation studies. Their understanding of the study has been increased further by acquiring new learning methods, including writing activities. Therefore, we conclude that teaching and learning method designed systematically to adopt writing activities improve the students' learning attitudes and achievements.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.145-162
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• 2002

In this study, on the basis of the seventh national mathematics curriculum, the achievement standards were developed to specify the objectives and contents of teaching-learning and the assessment standards were also developed to differentiate students' levels of achievement at school mathematics. The achievement standards were developed on the following guidelines; 1) to present the minimum standards based on the national curriculum, 2) to develop the standards based on the order of curriculum, 3) to suggest the minimum but ultimate achievement target, 4) to comprise not only of the intellectual but also of psychological spheres such as knowledge, function, attitude, aptitude, etc., and 5) to suggest the standards comprehensively and concretely. The standards were developed on the basis of the middle areas of contents of the curriculum in order not to be too comprehensive, nor to be too detailed. Learning activities, on the other hand, were provided for the assistance of instructions with emphasis on creativity rather than on the routine instruction. The assessment standards were established based on the following principles; 1) to establish the assessment methods, contents, and situations which are to be used for assessment, 2) to establish the criteria of classifying the assessed into the upper, intermediate and lower levels, 3) to develop the assessment standards in a proportionate balance to achievement standards, 4) to establish the intermediate level as a standard, and 5) to establish the minimum level in the contents, concepts, values and attitudes of basic learning. This study also suggested the exemplary test items including short-answer and open-ended questions while putting emphasis on students' real performance to increase their ability in solving problems rather than in calculating. In addition to the test items, it introduced the grading system developed to grade the items with concrete guidelines and to report students' achievement on doing mathematics.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.91-101
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• 2001

Nowadays the number of students that is losing their interest as well as learning desire in mathematics is increasing because of lack of logical thought creative power and abstract expression that present-day mathematics requires by reason of discrepancy of extreme scholastic ability by speciality of mathematics. In these conditions, we reduce the number of learning depression by bringing about learning desire or learning interest on mathematics, and students learn effective learning methods to be voluntary learning of discovery themselves that studies basic concepts, principles, rules through logical thought of students to solve difference of scholastic ability, thus we assumed that debate studies through small group activities in ability group would be one of ways to improve learning power, so the results of our research are as follows; 1. Debate studies through small group activities were very effective because of reinforcing the achivement level of students. 2. By this learning method, an individual or cooperrative learning was fostered, and lively discussions were accomplished. And learning attitudes of students were changed by the extension of cooperative learning abilities through advices or by themselves. 3. A personal opinion is payed regard by accepting an individual idea in the process of making questions. Learners can correct wrong concepts in the process of correcting wrong answers. So if we apply above-mentioned studies with easy contents from the lower grades, the effectiveness would increase as learners go to the higher grade. According to the results of various researches as follows; "The teaching-learning method oriented coopperative debate studies is effective to find solutions to mathematical problems." If small group activities are applied in the educational situation to search the course of a desirable cooperation learning through small group activities to improve scholastic abilities for a discoverable problem-solving power. I think that the teaching-learning method oriented cooperative debate studies is one of the most desirable methods to increase the problem-solving ability.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.523-543
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• 2009

We conduct a survey to find out the academic achievement factors for 484 second grade students at two middle schools in Busan city and Kyungsangnam Do, respectively. The survey questionnaire includes home environment and background, students' personal character, relationships with friends, learning attitudes towards improving problem solving, variables related to teaching methods and teachers, the school's computer facilities, mobile class by students levels, private education current situations, etc. Private education current situations are presented according to regions. Based on survey data we perform factor analysis to find major factors affecting mathematics academic achievement. We analyze the characteristics of the major factors. We also propose basic data and implications to mathematics educators and mathematics teachers at middle schools for improving middle school mathematics education quality.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.521-538
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of teaching mathematical proofs that made use of the 'proof assisted cards' at the second year of middle school and to investigate students' ability to geometric proofs as well as changes of mathematical attitudes toward geometric proofs. The subjects are seven students at the 2nd year of D Middle School in Daegu who made use of the 'proof assisted cards' during five class periods. The researcher interviewed the students to investigate learning questions made by students as well as the 'proof assisted cards' before and after use. The findings are as follows: first, the students made change of geometric proof ability by proof activity with the 'proof assisted cards' and second, the students made significant change of mathematical attitudes toward geometric proofs by proof activity using the cards.

• School Mathematics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.101-120
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• 2013

International comparative studies of students' performance in mathematics have shown that Korean students possess very negative attitudes toward mathematics, while they are ranked as one of the highest in the cognitive achievement of mathematics. This has prompted mathematics educators to seek for a way to improve the quality of mathematics education. In this context, this research has been conducted to investigate the learning style of Korean middle school students under the assumption that it is of essence to understand the characteristics of our students as mathematics learners. For the purpose, in-depth interview had been conducted and sixteen middle students participated in the interview. The students were chosen to represent the average group of their age-cohorts based on their performance in mathematics and their SES. The interview was designed as a semi-structured clinical interview. In the interview, the students were given mathematical tasks dealing with central themes in the domain of function. Each student was given about 30 to 50 minutes to solve the tasks. After an interviewee finished the tasks, s/he was asked to explained how s/he solved the tasks. The researchers asked additional questions to clarify the students' understanding of the mathematical themes in the tasks and to identify their strategies for learning mathematics. The analysis of the in-depth interview has primarily identified the characteristics of the students' understanding of the main themes in function and then has been extended to investigate their characteristic styles for learning mathematics. The analysis of the interview identified the learning styles of the students as 'inductive learning based on prototypical cases', 'repeated practice of exemplar mathematics problems', 'disengaged learning', and 'double standards in learning mathematics'. Based on the results of the analysis, this research presents the implications for the improvement of mathematics education.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.157-170
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• 2017

Mathematics was the main domain of PISA 2012, and both paper-based and computer-based assessment of mathematics (CBAM) were conducted. PISA 2012 was the first large-scale computer-based mathematics assessment in Korea, and it is meaningful in that it evaluated students' mathematical literacy in problem situations using dynamic geometry, graph, and spreadsheet. Although Korea ranked third in CBAM, the use of ICT in mathematics lessons appeared to be low. On the other hand, this study focused on Singapore, which ranked first in CBAM. The Singapore Ministry of Education developed online programs such as AlgeTools and AlgeDisc, and implemented the programs in classes by specifying them in mathematics curriculum and textbooks. Thus, this study investigated influential factors on computer-based assessment of mathematics by comparing the results of Korea and Singapore, and aimed to provide meaningful evidence on the direction of Korea's ICT-based mathematics education. The results showed that ICT use at home for school related tasks, attitudes towards computers as a tool for school learning, and openness and perseverance of problem solving were positively associated with computer-based mathematics performance, whereas the use of ICT in mathematics class by teacher demonstration was negatively related. Efforts are needed to improve computer use and enhance teaching techniques related to ICT use in Korean math classes. Future research is recommended to examine how effectively teachers use ICT in mathematics class in Singapore.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.291-312
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of parental educational involvement and mathematical attitude perceived by students on math motivation and math anxiety. The results showed that parents' educational involvement had effect on students' motivation to learn mathematics and had a significant effect on mathematics anxiety. In addition, the parents 'mathematical attitude has a significant effect on the motivation of the students, and the higher the mathematical attitude of the parents, the lower the mathematics anxiety of the students but the higher the students' mathematics anxiety. This suggests that even if the parents are educated, the parents can influence their motivation to learn mathematics, rather the more the achievement pressure becomes, the higher the educational involvement. In addition, the parents' mathematical attitude is independent of the degree of educational involvement, and parents can expect to increase their motivation to learn mathematics by nurturing with positive and positive perceptions and attitudes. In order to do this, it is a time when parents' education for the recognition of parents' right mathematics courses and their interest in education and the role of education are positively required.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.369-385
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• 2017

This study is to figure out the activity and disposition of gifted students with face plot in exploratory data analysis at middle school mathematics class. This study has begun on the basis of the doing mathematics at multivariate analysis beyond one variable and two variables. Gifted students were developed the good learning habits theirselves. According to this result, Many gifted students have an interesting experience at data analysis with Face Plot. And they felt the useful methods of creative thinking about graphics with doing mathematics at mathematical tasks. I think that teachers need to learn the visualization methods and to make and to develop the STEAM education tasks connected real life. It should be effective enough to change their attitudes toward teaching and learning at exploratory data analysis.