• 제목/요약/키워드: M.G.F

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On the Decomposition of Cyclic G-Brauer's Centralizer Algebras

  • Vidhya, Annamalai;Tamilselvi, Annamalai
    • Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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    • 제62권1호
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    • pp.1-28
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    • 2022
  • In this paper, we define the G-Brauer algebras $D^G_f(x)$, where G is a cyclic group, called cyclic G-Brauer algebras, as the linear span of r-signed 1-factors and the generalized m, k signed partial 1-factors is to analyse the multiplication of basis elements in the quotient $^{\rightarrow}_{I_f}^G(x,2k)$. Also, we define certain symmetric matrices $^{\rightarrow}_T_{m,k}^{[\lambda]}(x)$ whose entries are indexed by generalized m, k signed partial 1-factor. We analyse the irreducible representations of $D^G_f(x)$ by determining the quotient $^{\rightarrow}_{I_f}^G(x,2k)$ of $D^G_f(x)$ by its radical. We also find the eigenvalues and eigenspaces of $^{\rightarrow}_T_{m,k}^{[\lambda]}(x)$ for some values of m and k using the representation theory of the generalised symmetric group. The matrices $T_{m,k}^{[\lambda]}(x)$ whose entries are indexed by generalised m, k signed partial 1-factors, which helps in determining the non semisimplicity of these cyclic G-Brauer algebras $D^G_f(x)$, where G = ℤr.

에지 고장이 있는 Restricted Hypercube-Like 그래프의 해밀톤 경로 (Hamiltonian Paths in Restricted Hypercube-Like Graphs with Edge Faults)

  • 김숙연;전병태
    • 정보처리학회논문지A
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    • 제18A권6호
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    • pp.225-232
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    • 2011
  • Restricted Hypercube-Like(RHL) 그래프는 교차큐브, 뫼비우스큐브, 엠큐브, 꼬인큐브, 지역꼬인큐브, 다중꼬인큐브, 일반꼬인큐브와 같이 유용한 상호연결망들을 광범위하게 포함하는 그래프군이다. 본 논문에서는 $m{\geq}4$ 인 m-차원 RHL 그래프 G에 대해서 임의의 에지 집합 $F{\subset}E(G)$, ${\mid}F{\mid}{\leq}m-2$, 가 고장일 때, 고장 에지들을 제거한 그래프 $G{\setminus}F$는 임의의 서로 다른 두 정점 s와 t에 대해서 dist(s, V(F))${\neq}1$ 이거나 dist(t, V(F))${\neq}1$이면 해밀톤 경로가 있음을 보인다. V(F)는 F에 속하는 에지들의 양 끝점들의 집합이고 dist(v, V(F))는 정점 v와 집합 V(F)의 정점들 간의 최소 거리이다.

낙엽활엽수림에 있어서 표고 경도에 따른 임상유기물량의 변화 (Changes of the Amount of Forest Floor Organic Matter in Deciduous Forest along the Altitudinal Gradient)

  • 이명종
    • Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.72-80
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    • 1995
  • 강원대학교 부속 연습림의 낙엽활엽수림에서 임상유기물(O층)의 집적에 미치는 표고의 영향을 조사하였다. 표고가 높아짐에 따라 O층의 두께는 증가하였으며, 이러한 경향은 F2층과 H층에서 뚜렷하였다. O층의 두께(X, cm)와 무게(Y, $kg/m^2$)의 관계는 직선회귀식 Y($kg/m^2$) = aX(cm)에 근사였으며, F2층, H층 및 F2 + H층에 대한 계수 "a" 의 값은 각각 0.43, 0.61 및 0.53이었다. 유기물의 용적중은 F2층, H층 및 F2+H층에서 각각 $45g/dm^2$, $60g/dm^2$$55g/dm^2$ 전후로 추정되었다. O층의 양은 표고 280m에서의 13ton/ha으로부터 표고 710m의 41ton/ha의 범위에 있었으며, F1, F2및 H층은 각각 5~10ton/ha, 5~11ton/ha 및 13~40ton/ha의 범위를 차지하였다.

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GALOIS CORRESPONDENCES FOR SUBFACTORS RELATED TO NORMAL SUBGROUPS

  • Lee, Jung-Rye
    • 대한수학회논문집
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.253-260
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    • 2002
  • For an outer action $\alpha$ of a finite group G on a factor M, it was proved that H is a, normal subgroup of G if and only if there exists a finite group F and an outer action $\beta$ of F on the crossed product algebra M $\times$$_{\alpha}$ G = (M $\times$$_{\alpha}$ F. We generalize this to infinite group actions. For an outer action $\alpha$ of a discrete group, we obtain a Galois correspondence for crossed product algebras related to normal subgroups. When $\alpha$ satisfies a certain condition, we also obtain a Galois correspondence for fixed point algebras. Furthermore, for a minimal action $\alpha$ of a compact group G and a closed normal subgroup H, we prove $M^{G}$ = ( $M^{H}$)$^{{beta}(G/H)}$for a minimal action $\beta$ of G/H on $M^{H}$.f G/H on $M^{H}$.TEX> H/.

Glucomannan 의 유변학적 성질에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Rheological properties of Glucomannan)

  • 김경이
    • 유변학
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    • 제5권2호
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    • pp.161-169
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    • 1993
  • Glucomannan(G.M.)은 Amorphophallus Konjac C. Koch의 tuber로부터 분리되었고. 이 G.M.은 다시 침전제로 메탄올을 사용하여 4단계로 분별되었다.(F.1, F.2, F.3, F.4,). 각분 별물에 비하여 직선으로부터 벗어남을 보였다. Low shear viscometer로 G.M. 용액의 viscosity를 측정하였고 농도와 zero shear specific viscosity의 logarithm을 도시한 결과 inflection point를 나타내었다. 이것은 G.M. 분자들의 coil overlap의 시작에서 기인한 것이 고 묽은 용액에서 진한 용액으로의 전이행동은 임계농도. C*=4/[η]에서 일어났고 이때의 zero shear specific viscosity는 10을 나타내었다. 또한 specific viscosity는 묽은 용액에대해 서는 C14로써 변화하였고 진한 요액에서는 C3.0으로변화하였다. G.M.의 고체상태에 대한 유 전성($\varepsilon$',$\varepsilon$")과 점탄성(C',C")계수들을 액체질소 온도에서부터 15$0^{\circ}C$ 온도범위에 걸쳐 4단계로 film을 건조시키면서 10Hz에서 측정하였다. G.M. film의 유전성과 점탄성의 허수부 분은 ($\varepsilon$", C"), -10$0^{\circ}C$에서 peak를 나타내었고 이 peak는 hydroxy methyl 기들의 회전 운동에서 생겨난 것이다. 건조시키지 않은 상태의 G.M. film의 유전성과 점탄성의 허수부분 의 값들은 -5$0^{\circ}C$에서 물 분자의 운동에 의하여 생긴 peak를 보였다.

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Retinoic acid와 dibutyryl cyclic AMP가 F9 embryonic carcinoma cell 분화 중 G1 Phase 관련 분자에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Retinoic Acid and dibutyryl cyclic AMP on G1 Phase Associated Molecules during F9 Embryonic Carcinoma Cell Differentiation)

  • 박귀례;김건홍;한순영;이유미;장성재
    • 약학회지
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    • 제43권3호
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    • pp.378-384
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    • 1999
  • Retinoic acid (RA) and dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dbcAMP) induce the differentiation of the multipotent embryonic carcinoma cell line, F9 cells, into parietal endoderm like cell. The F9 cells are highly proliferative doubling approximately 12 hourse. S Phase is predominant, lasting 10 hours and G2/M phase occupies most of the remaining cycle (2 hours) and G1 phase is nearly non-existent. In this study, we showed the effect of RA and dbcAMPon the cell cycle associated molecules (especially around G1 phase) during F9 cell differentiation. Differentiation of F9 cells was induced by the combined addition of RA ($10^{-7}M$) and dbcAMP (0.5mM), and cells were harvested daily up to 4 days. Flow cytometric analysis showed the prolongation of G1 phase around 30 hours after induction. Western blot analysis revealed that the amount of cyclin D1 and cdk2 were increased at day 4. However, histone H1 kinase activity of cdk2 was decreased. These data strongly suggest that RA and dbcAMP induce the growth arrest of F9 cells at G1 phase by decreasing the activity of cdk2, although they have increased the protein contents of cyclin D1 and cdk2. The reason for the discrepancy between the H1 kinase activity and protein contents are not clear yet.

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[2,3]-FACTORS IN A 3-CONNECTED INFINITE PLANAR GRAPH

  • Jung, Hwan-Ok
    • Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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    • 제10권1_2호
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    • pp.27-40
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    • 2002
  • For two integers m, n with m $\leq$ n, an [m,n]-factor F in a graph G is a spanning subgraph of G with m $\leq$ d$\_$F/(v) $\leq$ n for all v ∈ V(F). In 1996, H. Enomoto et al. proved that every 3-connected Planar graph G with d$\_$G/(v) $\geq$ 4 for all v ∈ V(G) contains a [2,3]-factor. In this paper. we extend their result to all 3-connected locally finite infinite planar graphs containing no unbounded faces.

코달 및 순열 그래프의 레이블링 번호 상한에 대한 연구 (The Study on the Upper-bound of Labeling Number for Chordal and Permutation Graphs)

  • 정태의;한근희
    • 한국정보처리학회논문지
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    • 제6권8호
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    • pp.2124-2132
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    • 1999
  • Given a graph G=(V,E), Ld(2,1)-labeling of G is a function f : V(G)$\longrightarrow$[0,$\infty$) such that, if v1,v2$\in$V are adjacent, $\mid$ f(x)-f(y) $\mid$$\geq$2d, and, if the distance between and is two, $\mid$ f(x)-f(y) $\mid$$\geq$d, where dG(,v2) is shortest distance between v1 and in G. The L(2,1)-labeling number (G) is the smallest number m such that G has an L(2,1)-labeling f with maximum m of f(v) for v$\in$V. This problem has been studied by Griggs, Yeh and Sakai for the various classes of graphs. In this paper, we discuss the upper-bound of ${\lambda}$ (G) for a chordal graph G and that of ${\lambda}$(G') for a permutation graph G'.

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NONCONSTANT WARPING FUNCTIONS ON EINSTEIN WARPED PRODUCT MANIFOLDS WITH 2-DIMENSIONAL BASE

  • Lee, Soo-Young
    • Korean Journal of Mathematics
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.75-85
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    • 2018
  • In this paper, we study nonconstant warping functions on an Einstein warped product manifold $M=B{\times}_{f^2}F$ with a warped product metric $g=g_B+f(t)^2g_F$. And we consider a 2-dimensional base manifold B with a metric $g_B=dt^2+(f^{\prime}(t))^2du^2$. As a result, we prove the following: if M is an Einstein warped product manifold with a 2-dimensional base, then there exist generally nonconstant warping functions f(t).