• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제66권3호
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 2024

Gaining an accurate 3D stream geometry has become feasible with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), which is crucial for better understanding stream hydrodynamic processes. The objective of this study was to investigate series of filters to remove stream vegetation and propose the best method for generating Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) using UAV-based point clouds. A stream reach approximately 500 m of the Bokha stream in Icheon city was selected as the study area. Point clouds were obtained in August 1st, 2023, using Phantom 4 multispectral and Zenmuse L1 for Structure from Motion (SfM) and Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) respectively. Three vegetation filters, two morphological filters, and six composite filters which combined vegetation and morphological filters were applied in this study. The Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) were used to assess each filters comparing with the two cross-sections measured by leveling survey. The vegetation filters performed better in SfM, especially for short vegetation areas, while the morphological filters demonstrated superior performance on LiDAR, particularly for taller vegetation areas. Overall, the composite filters combining advantages of two types of filters performed better than single filter application. The best method was the combination of Progressive TIN (PTIN) and Color Indicies of Vegetation Extraction (CIVE) for SfM, showing the smallest MAE of 0.169 m. The proposed method in this study can be utilized for constructing DTMs of stream and thus contribute to improving the accuracy of stream hydrodynamic simulations.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.116-122
• /
• 2007

An efficient enzyme system for the synthesis of L-tyrosine was developed using a fed-batch reactor with continuous feeding of phenol, pyruvate, and ammonia. A thermo- and chemostable tyrosine phenol-lyase from Symbiobacterium toebii was employed as the biocatalyst in this work. The enzyme was produced using a constitutive expression system in Escherichia coli BL21, and prepared as a soluble extract by rapid clarification, involving treatment with 40% methanol in the presence of excess ammonium chloride. The stability of the enzyme was maintained for at least 18 h under the synthesis conditions, including 75 mM phenol at pH 8.5 and $40^{\circ}C$. The fed-batch system (working volume, 0.51) containing 1.0 kU of the enzyme preparation was continuously fed with two substrate preparations: one containing 2.2 M phenol and 2.4 M sodium pyruvate, and the other containing 0.4 mM pyridoxal-5-phosphate and 4M ammonium chloride (pH 8.5). The system produced 130g/I of L-tyrosine within 30h, mostly as precipitated particles, upon continuous feeding of the substrates for 22 h. The maximum conversion yield of L-tyrosine was 94% on the basis of the supplied phenol.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.59-63
• /
• 2005

In this paper, we introduce the concept of fuzzy m-sets induced by a given fuzzy supratopology and investigate general properties of the new class consisted of fuzzy m-sets. We also introduce notions of fuzzy m-continuity, fuzzy m-open(closed) maps and study some properties of them.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.848-851
• /
• 2009

[5]에서 정의된 IVF m-semiopen 집합과 IVF m-semicontinuous 함수의 기본적 성질과 특성을 조사한다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.151-157
• /
• 2019

In this paper, we present a prototype system for controlling IoT home appliances via voice-based commands. A voice command has been widely deployed as one of unobtrusive user interfaces for applications in a variety of IoT domains. However, interoperability between diverse IoT systems is limited by several dominant companies providing voice assistants like Amazon Alexa or Google Now due to their proprietary systems. A global IoT standard, oneM2M has been proposed to mitigate the lack of interoperability between IoT systems. In this paper, we deployed oneM2M-based platforms for a voice record device like a wrist band and LED control device like a home appliance. We developed all the components for recording voices and controlling IoT devices, and demonstrate the feasibility of our proposed method based on oneM2M platforms and Google STT (Speech-to-Text) API for controlling home appliances by showing a user scenario for turning the LED device on and off via voice commands.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.197-214
• /
• 2018

Tall buildings which began from about 40 m tall office towers in the late $19^{th}$ century have evolved into mixed-use megatall towers over 800 m. It is expected that even mile-high towers will soon no longer be a dream. Structural systems have always been one of the most fundamental technologies for the dramatic developments of tall buildings. This paper presents structural systems employed for the world's tallest buildings of different periods since the emergence of supertall buildings in the early 1930s. Further, structural systems used for today's extremely tall buildings over 500 m, such as core-outrigger, braced mega-tube, mixed, and buttressed core systems, are reviewed and their performances are studied. Finally, this paper investigates the potential of superframed conjoined towers as a viable structural and architectural solution for mile-high and even taller towers in the future.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.56-69
• /
• 2005

In this paper, it is clearly shown that the two well-known necessary and sufficient conditions mp n as generic static output feedback pole-assignment and mp + d(m+p) n+d as generic minimum d-th order dynamic output feedback pole-assignment on complex field, unbelievably, do not match up each other in strictly proper linear systems. For the analysis, a diagram analysis is newly created (which is defined by the analysis of 'convoluted rectangular/dot diagrams' constructed via node-branch conversion of the signal flow graphs of output feedback gain loops). Under this diagram analysis, it is proved that the minimum d-th order dynamic output feedback compensator for pole-assignment in m-input, p-output, n-th order systems is quantitatively decomposed into static output feedback compensator and its associated d number of arbitrary 1st order dynamic elements in augmented (m+d)-input, (p+d)-output, (n+d)-th order systems. Total configuration of the mismatched data is presented in a Table.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 1998년도 The Third Asian Fuzzy Systems Symposium
• /
• pp.413-416
• /
• 1998

In this paper we first show that uniform PR systems and half independent PR systems have same dynamics, and then an important property of this two kinds of systems is derived. The most important property of uniform PR systems is that they have the ability of classifying m-dimensional problabilistic vector into in classes. The significance of studying the dynamics of uniform PR systems are tried from the beginning with a uniform PR system.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.37-44
• /
• 2015

실생활에서 2개의 병렬형 대기행렬 시스템은 흔히 발견된다. 병렬형 대기행렬 시스템에서 각 작업장은 서로 다른 고객 도착패턴과 고객 서비스 시간 분포를 갖는 경우가 많다. 이 논문은 서로 다른 서비스 시간을 갖는 병렬형 대기행렬 시스템에 총 서버 수가 제한되어 있는 상황에서 각각의 작업장에 적절한 수의 서버를 배치하는 문제를 다룬다. 각 작업장은 제한된 수의 서버를 전체 시스템의 가중평균 시스템 시간이 최소가 되는 기준에 따라 배치 받는다. 일반적으로 M/M/c 시스템은 시스템 시간에 대한 해석적 방법의 산출식이 알려져 있다. M/M/c 시스템에 대한 최적 서버 배치 방안을 해석적 방법에 따라 계산한 결과를 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 실험 결과와 비교해 본 결과, 두 가지 방법에 의한 최적 해가 동일함이 확인되었다. M/M/c 시스템의 최적화 과정에서 발견한, 각 작업장의 유효작업부하가 가장 비슷하거나 같게 되도록 서버를 배치하는 방식인 CETI 규칙에 따라 M/G/c, G/M/c 그리고 G/G/c 시스템에 대한 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 실험 결과를 제시하였다. 그 결과, 해석적 방법으로는 증명할 수 없지만 일부 G/G/c 시스템을 제외한 나머지 경우에서는 CETI 규칙이 최적의 서버 배치 방식인 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한산업공학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.379-389
• /
• 2002

In this paper, we study the competition between two kinds of suppliers, a bricks and mortars(B&M) and a clicks and mortars(C&M). Using the circular spatial market model, we derive and analyze the Nash and Stackelberg equilibria as a function of offline market share and efficiency of online channel of the C&M supplier. The result can be summarized as follows: (1) Stackelberg equilibrium is always superior to the Nash equilibrium, (2) Under certain conditions, the price of online channel can be higher than that of offline channel, (3) It is impossible for the C&M supplier to encroach on all of the B&M supplier's market, (4) In some cases, the C&M supplier has incentive to lower the efficiency of its online channel for more profit.