• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.65 no.11
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• pp.1943-1947
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• 2016

Korea Electrical Safety Cooperation(KESCO) have provided the electrical safety speed-call service from 2007 year. Purpose of the service is to reduce discomfort of electricity use and to prevent electrical accident like as electrical fire and shock accident by providing emergency treatment service on fault of the residential electrical facilities notified in the specific house like as a lower-income group and a social welfare facility. But efficiency and economic evaluation of the electrical safety speed-call service is impossible because analysis on the quantitative effect of the service is difficult. This paper presents cost-benefit analysis method and result of the electrical safety speed-call service. The presented cost-benefit analysis method has a two-step process: the first step is to measure quantitative electrical fire prevention effect of the service by using electrical accident statistics and developing outcome analysis logic model of the service effect, and the second step is to analysis cost-benefit(B/C)of the service by calculating quantitative benefit analysis on the measured quantitative electrical fire prevention effect. The results showed that cost-benefit(B/C)of the electrical safety speed-call service is over 4 after 2010 year.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.195-218
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• 2004

This paper explores the impact of pollution abatement cost on trade balance. First, We derive price pressure of spending pollution abatement cost using I-O table. Then the analysis is extended to the impact on trade balance by manufacturing sectors. The paper explicitly includes indirect effect of pollution abatement cost that is the effect through the change of the other sector prices and excluded in the previous studies. The results show that the impact of pollution abatement cost on trade balance is 0.30~0.46% of total trade volume of Korea. This is lower than that of the United States in 1970's.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.77-90
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• 2007

Using 2004 Household Income & Expenditure Survey, this study investigated difference in consumption pattern among the households with the different number of children, and estimated the monetary cost of rearing children. The findings were as following. First, the major consumption categories for raising children included the expenditures for education, food materials, utility, health, and communication. Second, the potential consumption needs for clothing & foot ware and culture & entertainment were not fully satisfied for the households with children compared to the households without children. Third, in the households with one child, the level of consumption was about two thirds of that in the households without children. It was slightly above half in the households with two children. Lower consumption level of the households with children was mainly due to the burden of the educational expenditure. Forth, the average monthly cost of raising children was estimated by 680 thousands Won for one child, and 104 thousand Won for two children. Lastly, the implications for the fertility policy and the methods for the estimation of the child cost were suggested based on the results.

• Asia Pacific Journal of Business Review
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-34
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• 2019

This study investigates whether and how a firm's cost of equity capital is influenced by the extent of a firm's real earnings management (REM). Using a large sample of Hong Kong and Chinese firms over the 9-year period 2009-2017, we find that our implied cost of equity estimates are positively associated with both the extent of REM and the extent of accrual-based earnings management (AEM), but the positive association is stronger for REM than for AEM. We also provide evidence suggesting that the effect of AEM and REM on the cost of equity is more pronounced for Hong Kong firms than Chinese firms, and within Chinese firms, it is less pronounced for the state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Collectively, our results suggest that while both REM and AEM exacerbate the quality of earnings used by outside investors, REM does so to a greater extent than AEM, and thus the market demands a higher risk premium for REM activities than for AEM activities and that this cost of capital-increase effect is more prominent in a developed market like Hong Kong and mitigated by state ownership in China because of investors' expectations for a lower level of detriments to firm fundamentals by REM due to government's protection in a less developed market like China.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.171-176
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• 2021

This paper deals with bid evaluation problem that chooses the vendors and quantity with minimum purchasing cost for bid information of setup cost and unit price. For this problem, the branch-and-bound(BB) and branch-and-cut(BC) methods are well-known. But these methods can be fail to obtain the optimal solution. This paper gets the initial feasible solution with procuring quantity assignment principle in accordance with the unit price or setup cost rank-first. Then procuring quantity moving optimization(vendor change) is execute take account of unit price or setup cost rank. As a result of experimentation, the propose algorithm is significantly lower compared to BB and BC.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.8
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• pp.29-51
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to examine how midlife working women's psychological well-being is associated with their reward/cost of family role and work role according to their kinds of job. For empirical research, 627 married working women living in Seoul, aged between 40-55 answered the structured questionnaire. The subjects consisted of 301 professional working women and 326 non-professional working women. The data were analysed by the frequencies, mean, oneway ANOVA, and multiple regression. The major findings were as follows 1) Two sub areas of midlife working women's psychological well-being-self esteem and life satisfaction-were higher than an average level. 2) The more midlife working women performed family role and work role, they perceived reward more than cost. 3) For the professional working women, the more they perceived the reward of family role and work role, the higher their psychological well-being was. The more they perceived the cost of family role and work role, the lower their psychological well-being was. These consequencies applied to not only general reward/cost of family role and work role but also interrole reward/cost between family role and work role. For the non-professional working women, general and interrole reward of family role and work role had the positive effects on psychological well-being. Their general cost of spouse role, general and interrole cost of mother role, general cost of work role had the negative erects on psychological well-being. However interrole cost between spouse role and work role did not have a significant effect on psychological well-being. Finally, the result of multiple regression analysis showed that general reward of work role had the largest positive effect on midwife working women's self-esteem. General reward/cost of spouse role had the largest effect on their life satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.129-136
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• 2004

High fluidity concrete(HFC) requires high dosage of superplasticizer to acquire sufficient fluidity, and high contents of fine powder and viscosity enhancing admixtures to resist segregation. The use of high amount of admixtures to make HFC at batcher plant in ready mixed concrete company is one of the reasons to raise the manufacturing cost of HFC. For this reason, new type of manufacturing method of HFC are described using both flowing concrete method and segregation reducing superplasticizer(SRS) in order to gain economical profit and offer the convenience for quality control.. As dosage of melamine based superplasticizer increases, it shows that fluidity and bleeding increase, while air contents and ratio of segregation resistance decrease. It also shows that addition of viscosity agent into superplasticizer reduce bleeding and improve segregation resistance of concrete. Dosage of AE agent into superplasticizer containing viscosity agent recovers loss of air contents during flowing procedure. Combination of proper contents of superplasticizer, viscosity agent and AE agent make possible to develope segregation reducing type superplasticizer. Compressive strength of high fluidity concrete applying flowing method with it is higher than that of base concrete. No differences of compressive strength between compacting methods are found. For the estimation of construction cost of high fluidity concreting using segregation reducing type superplasicizer, under same strength levels, although material cost of high fluidity concrete is somewhat higher than that of plain concrete due to segregation reducing type superplasticizer cost, labor cost and equipment cost of high fluidity concrete is cheaper than that of plain concrete. However, based on the strength differences, high fluidity concrete shows lower material cost, labor cost and equipment cost than that of plain concrete due to decreasing in size of member and re-bar caused by high strength development of concrete.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.100-107
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• 2018

This study investigated the effect of corporate international diversification on cost stickiness. A cost behavior that indicates a lower rate of cost reduction when the volume of sales decreases than the rate of cost increase when the volume of sales is increased is called cost stickiness. This cost behavior is caused by decisions made by considering the adjusting costs of the manager, and for corporate international diversification, the decision making on the adjustment cost of the manager has been reduced by the offsetting accruals hypothesis. From the empirical results, we observed that the cost stickiness of international diversified companies decreases. It is expected to contribute to the capital market and academia by identifying whether corporate international diversification can have a significant impact on management decision making related to costs.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.47-65
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• 2000

This study is intended to present the direction for the wholesome development and support of the hotel casino industry in korea through the menu analysis of hotel casino restaurant. Miller's menu analysis was made of a lower food cost percentage in consideration of the quantity sold of each menu item and food cost percentage. As a result, it was shown that the proportion belonging to the upper category in the menu items intended for research in korean casino restaurant, it raises a problem in the menu management of korean casino restaurants.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.209-212
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• 2001

To have competitive advantage over competing telecommunications services, it is crucial to provide higher value with lower cost. In this study, CUP (Cost-Utility-Preference) chart is developed to analyze the market competition dynamically. It considers both the competition and customers' preference of each service to explain the change of the competitive landscape over time. Conjoint analysis is used for detailed analysis. Using the chart, we can analyze the currently competing services, predict the future scenarios of the competition, develop new services, and understand the causes of successes or failures of telecommunications services.