• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.977-986
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• 2007

This study was conducted to evaluate the mechanical (texture and color) and sensory characteristics of mulberry leaf sulgi (MLS) and lotus leaf sulgi (LLS) that contained different ratios of ingredients. MLS and LLS with final concentrations of 0%, 1%, 3% and 5% of powdered mulberry and lotus leaf respectively, were prepared. The texture characteristics (hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness), color values (lightness, redness, yellowness), and sensory characteristics (color, flavor, moistness, taste, brittleness, chewiness and after-taste) of the different sulgis were then measured and compared. With the exception of gumminess and chewiness, the texture characteristics of 0% MLS, 1% MLS and 3% MLS were not significantly different. The sensory characteristics of 0% MLS had the highest scores, whereas those of 5% MLS were the lowest for all factors except for brittleness. However, with the exception of chewiness, the scores obtained from 0% and 1 % MLS did not differ significantly. In addition, 1% MLS and 3% MLS were not significantly different from each other. Furthermore, the texture characteristics of 0% LLS and 1 % LLS were not different significantly, although the characteristics of 1% LLS were significantly different from those of 3% and 5% LLS when springiness, cohesiveness, and chewiness were considered. Additionally, the sensory characteristics of 0% LLS and 1% LLS were not significantly different, with the exception of brittleness, and the characteristics of 1% LLS and 3% LLS were not significantly different, with the exception of taste and after-taste.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.271-278
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• 2002

The effect of five plant population densities [5 (D$_1$), 10 (D$_2$), 20 (D$_3$), 30 (D$_4$), and 40 (D$_{5}$) plants/m$^2$] of four groundnut cultivars [ICGV 86699, ICG (FDRS) 10, ICGS 11 and TMV 2] and fungicide application (Kavach, chlorothalonil) to manage late leaf spot (LLS) and rust were studied in a field experiment during the 1995 and 1996 rainy seasons. LLS and rust severities were low in fungicide sprayed plots in all the cultivars irrespective of plant densities. Severities of LLS and rust, and percentage defoliation caused by LLS were significantly more in higher plant densities (D$_4$, D$_{5}$) than in lower plant densities (D$_1$, D$_2$, D$_3$) in fungicide sprayed and unsprayed plots in all the cultivars. All the cultivars gave significantly higher haulm and pod yields in fungicide sprayed plots than in unsprayed plots. Haulm and pod yields were significantly higher in higher plant densities than in lower plant densities. A combination of higher plant densities (D$_4$, D$_{5}$) and fungicide protection against LLS and rust gave maximum yield.yield.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2004

A complete understanding of the epidemiological factors required for optimum for disease development facilitates the design of effective and reliable screening techniques and also disease prediction models. An attempt was made to study the effects of different temperatures ($15-35^{\circ}C$) and leaf wetness periods (4-24 h) on the development of late leaf spot (LLS) in three groundnut genotypes differing in their susceptibility to LLS infection. Irrespective of the genotype, the disease progress evaluated based on different components of resistance was maximum between $15-20^{\circ}C$ and minimum between $20-25^{\circ}C$. At temperatures $\geq$$30^{\circ}C$, LLS development was insignificant. The overall severity of LLS increased with an increase in the leaf wetness period from 4 h to 12 h a day. Further increase of wetness period to 16 h resulted in a rapid increase in the severity. Thereafter, the disease severity gradually decreased with an increase in the wetness period. The effect of temperature and wetness periods on the individual component of disease quantification was not uniform compared between genotypes with different levels of susceptibility/resistance to LLS infection. The results of this study indicate that temperature and leaf wetness period are critical in late leaf spot screening programs since the expression of disease symptoms measured from disease initiation till defoliation, varied differently in the test genotypes with respect to change in these two parameters.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1992년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.78-80
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• 1992

The constructions of LLS System is proceeded in cooperation with Korean Meteorological Administration & Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute in Korea. The system is composed of 1 position Analyzer & 10 Direction Finders, and can covers the full area of Korea. We show the configuration of this network and display of data. Finally, we refer to the future research in related with this system in Korea.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of load and speed of treadmill exercise impact on muscle activity and muscle strength. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: The study was conducted for 12 female student from G University. Treadmill exercise was divided into four groups (ULS, LLS, UHS, LHS). Results: 1) There was significant difference in muscle activity of tibialis anterial, medial head of gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, biceps femoris muscle in ULS, UHS (p<0.05). 2) There was significant difference in muscle activity of tibialis anterial, medial head of gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, biceps femoris muscle in LLS, LHS (p<0.05). 3) There was significant difference in muscle activity of tibialis anterial, medial head of gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, biceps femoris muscle in ULS, LLS (p<0.05). 4) There was significant difference in muscle activity of tibialis anterial, medial head of gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, biceps femoris muscle in UHS, LHS (p<0.05). 5 There was significant difference in muscle strength in LHS (p<0.05). Conclusion: Exercising with high speed and load has more influence on the muscle activity and muscle strength of the lower extremities.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.151-155
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• 2000

A cDNA (Oslls1) encoding Lls1-homologue of maize was isolated from cDNA library of rice (Oryza sativa cv. Ilpum). The 2,138 bp of full length Oslls1 clone contains an open reading frame of 1,623 nucleotides encoding 575 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence of Oslls1 has a high level of homology with chlorophyll a oxygenases of Arabidopsis thaliana (67%) and Marchantia polymorpha (65%). Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA indicates the existence of a small gene family for Oslls1 in the rice genome. The expression of Oslls1 mRNA was induced in leaves and germinating seeds. Treatment of $H_2O$$_2$significantly down-regulated Oslls1 expression. The expression of Oslls1 mRNA was consititutively down-regulated in the blm, a rice mutant exhibiting spontaneous necrotic lesions. These results suggest that this Oslls1 gene may be involved incell death mechanisms in the blm mutant of rice.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.159-167
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• 2006

어떠한 조직 내의 피고용인의 지식을 도출해내고 이를 체계적으로 데이터화시키고 상용화시킨다는 것은 그 기업의 경쟁력을 향상시키는데 있어서 절대적인 요인으로 받아들여지고 있다. 특히, 건설업에 있어서 건설 프로젝트의 대규모적이고 간헐적인 건설 산업 특성상 이러한 활동은 더욱 중요한 요인으로 받아들여지고 있다. 지난 십년동안 눈부신 네트워크 기술의 발달로 건설 회사는 온라인 저장소를 활성하기 위해 지식 경영(Knowledge Management)으로 그 초점을 맞추고 있다. 하지만 회사들은 만약 온라인상의 노력이 회사의 일반적으로 컴퓨터의 사용 없이 습득된 오프라인 지식과 교감되지 않으면 실제적인 투자에 대한 회수가 초기에 기대했던 것 보다 훨씬 더 적다는 것을 깨닫기 시작했다. 따라서 이번 연구의 가장 큰 목적은 한국의 건설 산업에 기반을 두고 있는 대기업을 위한 경험지식 시스템(Lessons-Learned System)의 개념적인 모델의 발전을 위한 토대를 마련하기 위하여 이를 성공적으로 발전시키고 운영하기 위해 먼저 국내건설 대기업의 경험지식 시스템 사용실태 및 현황을 파악하는데 있다.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.288-300
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• 2003

목적: ${H_2}^{15}O$ PET의 정량화를 위하여 1-조직 구획모델이 쓰이며, 뇌혈류와 조직/혈액 분배계수를 구하기 위하여 nonlinear least squares (NLS) 방법이 사용되나 계산 시간이 긴 등의 문제로 파라미터를 각화소마다 구해야 하는 파라메트릭 영상 구성에는 적합하지 않다. 이 연구에서는 이와 같은 NLS 문제점을 극복하여 파라메트릭 영상을 빠르게 구성하기 위하여 제안된 파라미터 추정 알고리즘들을 구현하고, 이 방법들의 통계적 신뢰도와 계산의 효율성을 비교하였다. 대상 및 방법: 이 연구에서 이용한 방법들은 linear least squares (LLS), linear weighted least squares (LWLS), linear generalized least squares (GLS), linear generalized weighted least squares (GWLS), weighted integration (WI), 그리고 model-based clustering method (CAKS)이다. 노이즈 정도에 따른 각 파라메트릭 영상법의 정확성 및 통계적 신뢰성을 알아보기 위하여 Zubal 뇌모형(brain phantom)으로부터 동적 PET 영상을 모사하고 포아송노이즈를 더한 후 각 파라메트릭 영상 구성 방법을 적용하였다. 또한 정상인 16명에 대하여 얻은 실제 자료에 대하여 이 방법들을 적용하고 결과를 비교하였다. 결과: 뇌혈류와 분배계수에 대한 평균 오차는 방법에 따라 크게 다르지 않았으며 모든 방법이 뇌혈류 및 분배계수 추정에 있어 무시할 만한 바이어스를 보였다. 파라메트릭 영상의 정성적 특성 또한 유사하였으나 CAKS 방법의 계산 속도가 월등하여 NLS 방법의 약 1/500, LLS 방법의 약 1/25의 계산시간을 보였다. 결론: 뇌혈류 파라메트릭 영상 구성을 위한 빠른 파라미터 추정 알고리즘들 중에 보다 개선되어 제안된 LWS, GLS, GLWS, CAKS 방법들이 단순하고 빠른 LLS, WI 방법들에 비하여 통계적 신뢰성을 크게 향상시키지는 못하나 CAKS 방법은 계산 시간을 유의하게 단축시키므로 가장 적합한 파라메트릭 영상 구성방법이라 할 수 있을 것이다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.264-270
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• 2001

The effects of leaf extracts of 14 different non-host plant species on in vitro conidial germination of Phaeoisariopsis personata, the causal organism of late leaf spot(LLS) of groundnut were evaluated. Aqueous and ethanol leaf extracts of Datura metel, Lawsonia inermis and aqueous leaf extracts of Sphaeranthus indicus at 25%(w/v) concentration completely inhibited the conidial germination of P. personata both at 24h and 48h after incubation. Aqueous leaf extracts of Blumea bifoliata, Eucalyptus globules, Ocimum sanctum and Pongamia pinnata, and ethanol leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica and S. indicus inhibited the conidial germination by >90%. Aqueous and ethanol leaf extract of L. inermis and S. indicus were highly inhibitory to conidial germination up to 1% concentration. Aqueous and ethanol leaf extracts of D. metel and ethanol leaf extract of A. indica were highly inhibitory to P. personata even at 0.01% (100 ppm) concentration. Ethanol leaf extract of A. indica up to $80^{\circ}$, aqueous leaf extracts of D. metel and S. indicus up to $100^{\circ}$, and L. inermis up to $60^{\circ}$, were highly stable and retained their fungitoxic effects. Extract of D. metel was antifungal even after 180 days when it was stored both at room temperature and $4^{\circ}$. Aqueous leaf extract of D. metel at 2% concentration effectively reduced the development of LLS by >60%, under greenhouse conditions both in prophylactic and simultaneous applications. Extracts of D. metel could be a potential economical and an eco-frendly alternative for control of late leaf spot, and its efficacy under field conditions is further being evaluated.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.670-675
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• 2008

A series of pH and temperature-responsive (N,N-diethylacrylamide-co-methylacrylic acid) copolymers were synthesized by radical copolymerization and characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) $^1H$, $^{13}C$ and LLS. The effects of salt and pH on the phase transition behaviors of the copolymers were investigated by uv. With increasing NaCl concentration, significant salt effects on their phase transition behaviors were observed. UV spectroscopic studies showed that the phase transition became faster with increasing NaCl concentration. In addition, the phase transition behaviors of copolymers were sensitive to pH. The pH and temperature sensitivity of these copolymers would make an interesting drug delivery system.