• 대한수의학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.347-356
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• 1992

In oriental medicine, Artemisia Iwayomogi(Compositae) has been used clinically for jaundice, hepatitis, liver cirrhosis etc. The purposes of present study were to examine pharmacological effects of Artemisia lwayomogi water extract(AIWE) on weights of body, liver, kidney, spleen and adrenal, and on biochemical parameters (activities of AST, ALT and LDH, contents of cholesterol and triacylglycerol, and levels of hepatic lipid peroxide) against hepatic injury by carbon tetrachloride($CCl_4$) in rats. The results were as follow; 1. Body weights were reduced by $CCl_4$. In AIWE pretreatment groups, reduction of body weights was inhibited at 48 hours. Increased liver weights by $CCl_4$ were reduced in proportion to numbers of treatment of AIWE in AIWE pre- and posttreatment groups. Increased kidney weights by $CCl_4$ were reduced in AIWE pretreatment groups at 72 hours. Increased weights of spleen and adrenal by $CCl_4$ were not affected by AIWE treament. 2. Increased AST activities by $CCl_4$ were significantly (p<0.05) decreased in AIWE posttreatment groups at 48 and 72 hours. Increased ALT activities by $CCl_4$ were significantly(p<0.05) decreased in AIWE posttreatment groups at 48 hours. Increased LDH activities by $CCl_4$ were very significantly (p<0.01, p<0.001) decreased in AIWE posttreatment groups at 48 and 72 hours, respectively. 3. Increased cholesterol contents by $CCl_4$ were significantly (p<0.05) decreased in AIWE posttreatment groups at 24 and 48 hours. Decreased triacylglycerol contents by $CCl_4$ were significantly (p<0.05) increased in AIWE posttreatment at 48 and 72 hours. 4. Increased hepatic lipid peroxide levels by $CCl_4$ were significantly (p<0.05, p<0.01) decreased in AIWE posttreatment groups at 48 and 72 hours, respectively. In conclusion, AIWE did not affect normal liver function and had property of antioxidant, due to reduced lipid peroxidation by $CCl_4$. AIWE seems to have hepatoprotective effects rather than direct preventive effects to $CCl_4$-induced necrotic degeneration of liver cell, cholestasis and damages in metabolism of lipid.

• BMB Reports
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.219-224
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• 2010

Lipid peroxidation is known to be an important factor in the pathologies of many diseases associated with oxidative stress. We assessed the lipid peroxidation induced by the reaction of ferritin with $H_2O_2$. When linoleic acid micelles or phosphatidyl choline liposomes were incubated with ferritin and $H_2O_2$, lipid peroxidation increased in the presence of ferritin and $H_2O_2$ in a concentration-dependent manner. The hydroxyl radical scavengers, azide and thiourea, prevented lipid peroxidation induced by the ferritin/$H_2O_2$ system. The iron specific chelator desferoxamine also prevented ferritin/$H_2O_2$ systemmediated lipid peroxidation. These results demonstrate the possible role of iron in ferritin/$H_2O_2$ system-mediated lipid peroxidation. Carnosine is involved in many cellular defense processes, including free radical detoxification. In this study, carnosine, homocarnosine, and anserine were shown to significantly prevent ferritin/$H_2O_2$ system-mediated lipid peroxidation and also inhibited the free radical-generation activity of ferritin. These results indicated that carnosine and related compounds may prevent ferritin/$H_2O_2$ system-mediated lipid peroxidation via free radical scavenging.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권8호
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• pp.1182-1187
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• 2005

국민생활 수준의 향상과 의학기술의 발달로 인하여 평균수명이 증가하였지만 이에 반해 성인병, 암, 치매 등 질병 유병율은 점차적으로 증가하는 실정이다. 특히 당뇨와 치매는 고령화 현상에 따른 노인 인구의 증가에 따라 그 심각성이 더욱 크다. 또한 문경에서는 품질이 낮은 향신 표고버섯의 대 부위를 분말화하여 조미료로 이용함으로써 표고버섯의 활용 및 부가가치를 높이고 있으나, 표고버섯의 채취시기 및 부위별 생리활성에 대한 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 KK 당뇨마우스를 이용하여 대조군과 표고버섯 품질 (동고, 향신) 및 부위별(갓, 대) 분말을 섭취한 4종의 실험군을 8주간 사육한 다음 치매관련 뇌조직 신경전달 물질(neurotransmitter) 및 그 관련효소를 조사하고 활성 산소에 의한 산화적 스트레스로 지질과산화(lipid peroxide)를 평가하였다. 그 결과 뇌의 가장 중요한 신경전달물질인 아세틸콜린 함량은 표고버섯 향신갓 부분을 섭취한 실험군 HSC에서 약 12$\%$의 유의적인 증가효과를 보였으며, 아세틸콜린 분해효소인 AChE효소의 저해활성은 동고갓 부분을 섭취한 DGC실험군에서 약 10$\%$의 유의적인 아세틸콜린에 스테라아제 활성 저해효과를 보였으며, 향신갓 부분를 섭취한 HSC 실험군에서도 저해되는 경향을 보였다. 카테콜아민계 신경전달물질의 파괴에 관계하는 MAO-B효소의 저해활성은 향신갓 부위 첨가 식이 HSC에서 약 12$\%$의 유의적인 활성 저해효과를 보였으며, 지질과산화는 동고갓 부위를 섭취한 실험군 DGC에서 약 10$\%$의 유의적인 지질과산화 감소 효과를 보였다. 따라서 표고버섯은 대 부분보다는 갓 부분이 채취시기 및 품질에 상관없이 당뇨모델 마우스 뇌조직의 AChE 효소의 활성을 저해하여 ACh의 농도를 높일 뿐만 아니라 MAO-B효소와 활성산소에 의한 산화적 스트레스를 효과적으로 억제하여 신경전달물질을 잘 보존하여 인지능력 개선에 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다. 그러나 표고버섯의 급여기간 및 첨가수준을 달리한 계속적인 연구가 계속되어야 할 것으로 생각되며, 이러한 결과를 근거로 한 표고버섯 소재의 다양한 제품 개발과 부가가치 향상이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.27-45
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• 1991

To study the effects of dietry methionine level on lipid peroxidation of rats, rats were fed vitamin E, selenium and methionine - deficient diet or the same diet supplemented with various levels(0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%) of methionine for 6 weeks. The biochemincal and mophological changes in the rat liver were investigated. Lipid peroxide levels in plasma and hepatic mitochondrial fraction of MF rats were more increased than those of control rats. However, supplementation with 0.6% methionine modified this increment. Catalase activity was decreased in hepatic mitochondrial fraction from rats fed MF diet. Methionine supplementation did not induce this enzyme. The ultrastructural evidence for lipid peroxidation was found in plasma membranes facing sinusoids. The most striking changes in including disruption and loss of microvilli and development of numerous lipid droplets occurred in rats fed MF diet. These changes were not effectively prevented by the same diet supplemented with 0.3% or 0.9% methionine, but supplementation with 0.6% methionine modulated more or less the changes.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 1999

This study was conducted to investigate the synergic effect of dietary selenium and methionine levels on hepatic lipid metabolism in ethanol treated rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats were fed diets containing three levels of methionine(0,3 and 9g/kg diet) with or without selenium(0.45mg/kg diet). Ethanol was administered with 25%(v/v) ethanol orally at the same time once a day in ethanol group and isocalori sucrose was administered to the control group. The rate were sacrificed after 5 and 10 weeks of feeding period. Glutathione content was decreased by ethanol treatment and significantly increased in proportion to level of dietary methionine and was higher in selenium deficiency group than that of selenium admin-istration group. Lipid peroxide content was significantly increased in deficiency of both methionine and selenium(LMet-Se+EtOH) group. Total lipid triglyceride and cholesteol contents in liver were increas-ed and phospholipid content was decreased in ethanol treated group and ethanol treatment accelerated those increment and decrement in methionine deficiency(LMt) group and excessive methionine admin-istration(HMet)group.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.387-393
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• 2001

The chemical composition of fish feeds(mackerel, gizzard shad, shrimp and formula feed) were analyzed and compared with those of untreated and irradiated (5 kGy) feeds, and the effects of gamma irradiation (5 kGy) and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA, 200ppm) on feeds spoilage were investigated by determination of thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value and peroxide value for 14 days at $20^{\circ}C$, $4^{\circ}C$ or $-20^{\circ}C$. Crude protein, crude lipid, crude fiber, crude ash and nitrogen free extract were not significantly changed by gamma irradiation with the dose of 5 kGy. Immediately gamma irradiation increased the initiative oxidation of feeds as expected. But BHA was found to be greatly effective in minimizing the radiation-induced peroxidation (p<0.05). The TBA value and peroxide value increased with the elapse of the storage period. The level of lipid oxidation was increased depending on the rise in storage temperature. But the additions of BHA inhibited the lipid oxidation (p<0.05).

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.54-60
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• 2000

미나리즙 투여가 고지방식이를 급여한 흰쥐의 혈장과 지질과산화에 미치는 영향에 대하여 검토하였다. Sprague-Dawely계의 횐쥐를 I(정상군)과 II(대조군:고지방식이급여군), 그리고 미나리즙의 처리수준에 따라 III(고지방식이급여군+미나리즙(1.0 ml) 과 IV(고지방식이급여군+미나리즙(1.5 ml)의 4군으로 나누어 7주간 사육하였다. 실험종료일의 체중은 고지방식이 급여로 모두가 정상군보다 높은 수치를 보였다(p>0.05). 그러나 대조군과 미나리즙군 간에는 미나리즙군이 다소 감소하는 경향이었으나 유의적인 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). 식이섭취량 및 효율은 각 처리군간에 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다 (p>0.05). Total-cholesterol도 미나리즙 투여에 의해 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으나 유의적인 차이는 없었다(p>0.05), HDL-cholesterol은 미나리즙(1.0 ml) 급여군이 대조군에 비하여 감소하였다. GPT는 처리군간에 유의차가 없었으나 GOT활성은 처리군이 대조군에 비해 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 항산화효소인 glutathione peroxidase의 활성은 처리군 간에 유의한 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). Lipid peroxide는 고지방식이 급여군에서 증가하였으나(p>0.05), 미나리즙의 투여는 lipid peroxide를 감소시키지 못하였다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.166-172
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• 1994

To evalulate the antioxidant effect of flavonoid(+)-catechin on n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in vivo, rats were fed with diets containing $5\%$ corn oil(CO), $5\%$ corn oil and $15\%$ purified fresh fish oil(FO) or peroxidized fish oil(PFO) for 10 days. To accerelate lipid peroxidation, all of them were injected with 60mg phenobarbital(a day per kg body weight), and treated with phorone(diisopropylidene acetone) before the rats were killed. Contents of triglyceride, phospholipid, cholesterol and lipid peroxide and the activities of GOT, GPT in serum and total lipid and cholesterol content in liver of PFO group rats were significantly higher than those of the FO one. Contrary to our expectations, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) in liver of the FO group were ]ewer than those of the PFO group. These results might be explained as the results of homeostasis. Even though the hepatic glutathione were depleted, catechin and a-tocopherol inhibited production of lipid peroxide effectively. These results suggested that catechin be considered an antioxidative and hepatoprotective agent.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1078-1090
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• 1995

This study was undertaken to elucidate the effect of DHA rich fish oil(DHA rich oil) added to different dietary fats on thrombosis and lipid peroxidation. Rats were fed perilla oil, sesame oil and beef tallow with or without DHA rich oil for 12 weeks. Bleeding time was the longest in Perilla oil groups with or without DHA rich oil. The productions of thromboxane B2(TX B2) and 6-keto Prostaglandin F1$\alpha$(6-keto PG F1$\alpha$) were the highest in Esame oil group without DHA rich oil. Bleeding time tended to be extened and group showed the most antithrombotic effect among three oil groups when DHA rich oil added. The antithrombotic effect by DHA rich oil addition seemed to be resulted from the increase of dietary n-3 fatty acid rather than DHA. And there was not the difference in antithrombotic effect between DHA and $\alpha$-linolinic acid. The level of TBARS(thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) in plasma and liver, and the activities of lipid peroxide metabolizing enzymes(catalase, superoxide dismutase and gluthathion peroxidase) in erythrocyte and liver were not affected by the dietry fat type and DHA rich oil addition, except that activity of hepatic catalase was increased by DHA rich oil addition. Therefore it revealed the DHA level added in this study seldom affected lipid peroxidation. However, it dose not conclude that DHA level of this study make low production of lipid peroxide because the peroid of our study was short.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.340-345
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• 2004

Our work in this study was made in the microsomal fraction to evaluate the lipid peroxidation by measuring superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and to elucidate the preventive role of CS in the $CCl_4$-induced oxidative stress. The excessive lipid peroxidation by free radicals derived from $CCl_4$ leads to the condition of oxidative stress which results in the accumulation of MDA. MDA is one of the end-products in the lipid peroxidation process and oxidative stress. MDA, lipid peroxide, produced in this oxidative stress causes various diseases related to aging and hepatotoxicity, etc. Normal cells have a number of enzymatic and nonenzymatic endogenous defense systems to protect themselves from reactive species. The enzymes in the defense systems, for example, are SOD, CAT, and GPx. They quickly eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion free radicalㆍO$^{[-10]}$ $_2$, hydrogen peroxide $H_2O$$_2$ and hydroxyl free radicalㆍOH. CS inhibited the accumulation of MDA and the deactivation of SOD, CAT and GPx in the dose-dependent and preventive manner. Our study suggests that CS might be a potential scavenger of free radicals in the oxidative stress originated from the lipid peroxidation of the liver cells of $CCl_4$-treated rats.