• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.501-514
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• 2018

This study aimed to develop a program that can be linked to gardening education activities in elementary students' curriculums and creative experience learning courses, and to apply the developed program to 6th graders in an elementary school located in Seoul. Research was conducted in a large category called biophilia, which named the instinct of human nature and nature throughout the research. The curriculum revised in 2015 was selected for the purpose of the garden education program based on the objectives and contents of the unit, and for the purpose of the class. In the process of developing and implementing the program, experience properties and elements were divided into direct and indirect experience of nature, including shapes and forms found in nature, air, water, plants, weather, animals, and natural materials. The results showed that the biophilic horticultural education program was effective in promoting students' multi senses. In the case of the experimental group, all the multi-sensory areas showed statistically significant differences, especially in the area of environmental literacy, environmental effect and emotional balance including plant cultivation knowledge. There was a relatively smaller difference in the dietary effect area than other areas because of no directional dietary program was included in the developed program. As a result, first, it is expected that the data can be utilized on site as a program or place of activity for students in upper grades. Second, it will be necessary to develop a more diverse program using other biophilic elements that were not covered in this study in order to maximize the effects of biophilic education.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.207-222
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• 2023

In order to improve employment rates, most universities operate programs to strengthen students' employment and entrepreneurship, regardless of whether they are selected as the Leading Industry-Innovative University (LINC) or not. In particular, in the case of non-metropolitan universities are risking their lives to improve employment rates. In order to overcome the limitations of university establishment type and university location, which absolutely affect the employment rate, we are operating a startup education & startup support program in order to strengthen employment and entrepreneurship, and capstone design & field training as industry-academia-linked education programs are always available. Although there are studies on effectiveness verification centered on LINC (Leaders in Industry-University Cooperation) in previous studies, but a longitudinal study was conducted on all factors of university factors, startup education & startup support, and capstone design & field training as industry-university-linked education programs as factors affecting the employment rate based on public disclosure indicators. No cases of longitudinal studies were reported. This study targets 116 universities that satisfy the conditions based on university disclosure indicators from 2018 to 2020 that were recently released on university factors, startup education & startup support, and capstone design & field training as industry-academia-linked education programs as factors affecting the employment rate. We analyzed the differences between the LINC (Leaders in Industry-University Cooperation) 51 participating universities and 64 non-participating universities. In addition, considering that there is no historical information on the overlapping participation of participating students due to the limitations of public indicators, the Exposure Effect theory states that long-term exposure to employment and entrepreneurship competency enhancement programs will affect the employment rate through competency enhancement. Based on this, the effectiveness of the 2nd LINC+ (socially customized Leaders in Industry-University Cooperation) was verified from 2017 to 2021 through a longitudinal causal relationship analysis. As a result of the study, it was found that the startup education & startup support and capstone design & field training as industry-academia-linked education programs of the 2nd LINC+ (socially customized Leaders in Industry-University Cooperation) did not affect the employment rate. As a result of the longitudinal causal relationship analysis, it was reconfirmed that universities in metropolitan areas still have higher employment rates than universities in non-metropolitan areas due to existing university factors, and that private universities have higher employment rates than national universities. Among employment and entrepreneurship competency strengthening programs, the number of people who complete entrepreneurship courses, the number of people who complete capstone design, the amount of capstone design payment, and the number of dedicated faculty members partially affect the employment rate by year, while field training has no effect at all by year. It was confirmed that long-term exposure to the entrepreneurship capacity building program did not affect the employment rate. Therefore, it was reconfirmed that in order to improve the employment rate of universities, the limitations of non-metropolitan areas and national and public universities must be overcome. To overcome this, as a program to strengthen employment and entrepreneurship capabilities, it is important to strengthen entrepreneurship through participation in entrepreneurship lectures and actively introduce and be confident in the capstone design program that strengthens the concept of PBL (Problem Based Learning), and the field training program improves the employment rate. In order for actually field training affect of the employment rate, it is necessary to proceed with a substantial program through reorganization of the overall academic system and organization.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.25-31
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• 2020

Purpose: The AEO (Authorized Economic Operator) program, created in 2001 in the United States due to 9.11 terrorist's attack, fundamentally changed the trade environment. Korea, which introduced AEO program in 2009, has become one of the world's top countries in the program by ranking 6th in the number of AEO certified companies and the world's No. 1 in MRA (Mutual Recognition Agreement) conclusions. In this paper, we examined what trade-economic and non-economic effects the AEO program and its MRA have in Korea. Research design, data and methodology: In this study we developed a model to verify the impact between utilization of AEO and trade-economic effects of the AEO and its MRA. After analyzing the validity and reliability of the model through Structural Equation Model we conducted a survey to request AEO companies to respond their experience on the effects of AEO program and MRA. As a result, 196 responses were received from 176 AEO companies and utilized in the analysis. Results: With regard to economic effects, the AEO program and the MRA have not been directly linked to financial performance, such as increased sales, increased export and import volumes, reduced management costs, and increased operating profit margins. However, it was analyzed that the positive effects of supply chain management were evident, such as strengthening self-security, monitoring and evaluating risks regularly, strengthening cooperation with trading companies, enhancing cargo tracking capabilities, and reducing the time required for export and import. Conclusions: When it comes to the trade-economic effects of AEO program and its MRA, AEO companies did not satisfy with direct effects, such as increased sales and volume of imports and exports, reduced logistics costs. However, non-economic effects, such as reduced time in customs clearance, freight tracking capability, enhanced security in supply chain are still appears to be big for them. In a rapidly changing trade environment the AEO and MRA are still useful. Therefore the government needs to encourage non-AEO companies to join the AEO program, expand MRA conclusion with AEO adopted countries especially developing ones and help AEO companies make good use of AEO and MRA.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.11-23
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• 2015

Recently the military is improving the policies of military culture for soldiers to lead a better military life. In this effect, 'division A' introduced 'goal-directed self development program'. This program is guiding the soldiers to set up personal mission in life not only in the military but also linked to the future, after being discharged from military service. Therefore the purpose of this research is to test the effect of this program on soldier's objective management, self esteem and satisfaction and to propose political strategies for creating healthier military culture. The research method was to compare and analyze the difference between two groups, 'division A'(experimental group), which operated the program, and 'division B'(controlled group) which did not operated the program. research targets were 488 soldiers in total, 257 soldiers in experimental group and 231 in controlled group. T-test(verification) and analysis of covariance was done with SPSS WIN 11.5 program with collected information. The result showed that the program has meaningful effect in every aspect mentioned above to the soldiers.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06e
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• pp.696-701
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• 2001

The performance and the internal flow of the impeller of the centrifugal chiller compressor with refrigerant R12 as working fluid were studied numerically, using CFD code, CFX-Tascflow, which is commercially available. In this numerical study, the thermodynamic and transport properties of the refrigerant gas were generated by the property program of NIST and linked with main program to extend the capability of the code to refrigerant gases. Numerical study was applied to several mass flow rates near the design mass flow rate at constant rotating speed. Overall performance and flow characteristics of the impeller at impeller exit were investigated. The results were physically reasonable and showed good agreement with experimental measurement at the design flow rate.

• BMB Reports
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• v.51 no.11
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• pp.549-556
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• 2018

Mitochondria are ubiquitous and multi-functional organelles involved in diverse metabolic processes, namely energy production and biomolecule synthesis. The intracellular mitochondrial morphology and distribution change dynamically, which reflect the metabolic state of a given cell type. A dramatic change of the mitochondrial dynamics has been observed in early development that led to further investigations on the relationship between mitochondria and the process of development. A significant developmental process to focus on, in this review, is a differentiation of neural progenitor cells into neurons. Information on how mitochondria-regulated cellular energetics is linked to neuronal development will be discussed, followed by functions of mitochondria and associated diseases in neuronal development. Lastly, the potential use of mitochondrial features in analyzing various neurodevelopmental diseases will be addressed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1990.04a
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• pp.344-354
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• 1990

Success in new product development is vital to most industrial firms. In recent decades, a firm's new product strategy is incresinglyrecognized as an essential component of the total corporate plan in developing countries. In this research, 81 Korean manufacturing firms are examined to identify the relationships between a firm's product innovation stratege and the performance results with special emphasis on firm size in a developing country. First, a total of 8 strategy dimensions were identified, which constitute the specific elements of firm's innovation strategies. Two independent dimensions of performance were also identified and were found to be closely linked to the strategy adopted. Then, a categorization scheme is developed to distinguish firms according to their size, and proves useful in performance results might be altered for different company size. The findings generally suggest that a well-balanced new product program emphasizing both marketing and technological effort appropriately is needed to make the program successful. The different size of the company is found to call for somewhat different strategy dimensions to enhance the performance results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Cognitive Science Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.60-65
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• 2010

Language learning involves linguistic environments around the learner. So the variation in training input to which the learner is exposed has been linked to their language learning. We explore how linguistic experiences can cause differences in learning linguistic structural features, as investigate in a probabilistic graphical model. We manipulate the amounts of training input, composed of natural linguistic data from animation videos for children, from holistic (one-word expression) to compositional (two- to six-word one) gradually. The recognition and generation of sentences are a "probabilistic" constraint satisfaction process which is based on massively parallel DNA chemistry. Random sentence generation tasks succeed when networks begin with limited sentential lengths and vocabulary sizes and gradually expand with larger ones, like children's cognitive development in learning. This model supports the suggestion that variations in early linguistic environments with developmental steps may be useful for facilitating language acquisition.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.505-510
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• 2006

A gallocyanine-bound nanoporous titanium dioxide electrode system was investigated to carry out a mediated enzyme reaction. Gallocyanine was bound either directly or through an aminopropylsilane linker to the film of nanoporous titanium dioxide and used as a mediator for nitrate reductase in the mediated enzymatic nitrate reduction. The electrode with the aminopropylsilane linker showed 20% higher efficiency of electron transfer at the same potential than that directly linked. The prepared electrodes showed $0.26{\mu}mol/h$ nitrate reduction at a $100mm^2$ surface of the electrode, and linear current response on nitrate ion concentration up to 1.0 mM, which is very useful as a biosensor of nitrate ion in water.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.170-182
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• 2019

In this paper, we use scratch to design and develop non-formal learning experiences that are linked with contents of secondary science textbook to educational programs. The goal of this paper is to develop a convenient and interesting program for non-formal learning in a learning environment using various smart device. Theoretical approaches to mobile education, such as smartphones, and smart education support policies continue to lead to various research efforts. Although most of the smart education systems developed for students who have difficulty in academic performance are utilized, they are limited to general students. To solve the problem, the learning environment was implanted by combining the scratch, which is an educational programming that can be easily written. The science education program proposed in this paper shows the result of process of programming using ICT device using scratch programming. In the evaluation stage, we were able to display the creations and evaluate each other, so that we could refine them more by sharing the completed ideas.