• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.57-61
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• 1974

The patient, a girl of 19 years in good health, had a class I malocclusion. The maxillary left centra1 incisors and both lateral incisors had already erupted. But the space for the right central incisor was partially closed by the mesial drifting of the neighboring teeth. The caused a shift in the midline and a cross-bite relation on the incisors. X-ray examination revealed the presence of the right central incisor in the alveolar bone and odontoma just above the crown of the right central incisor. After enough space for the impacted incisor was created in the dental arch with a open-coil spring the rectangular incision was made. Removing the odontoma uncovered the flat surface of the labial aspect of the incisor. During the tooth had erupted of its own accord, any unnecessary force had been imposed on the tooth. When it was decided that the tooth should be brought out by the mechanical device, the gold cast onlay with hook was used and run a light elastic between this hook and the main arch wire. Finally the tooth was brought down to the arch level. The result was excellent. Fortunately the esthetic problem and any detrimental effects on the psychological make-up could be avoided.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.21
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• pp.9375-9378
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• 2014

Background: A piezoelectric immunosensor for early cervical cancer detection was developed involving short analyis time and less invasive technique for $p16^{INK4a}$, a protein that has been linked to cervical cancer. Materials and Methods: $5{\mu}L$ of 5.0 mg/mL $p16^{INK4a}$ antibody and then supernatant from different clinical samples from West China Second University Hospital (Sichuan, China) were dripped on the center of the AT-cut crystal through a micro-injector. Absorption of the $p16^{INK4a}$ by antibody caused a shift in the resonant frequency of the immunosensor, and the resonant frequency was correlated to the amount of the $p16^{INK4a}$ in the supernatant. Results: The greater severity of lesion grading, the greater the expression level of $p16^{INK4a}$. Conclusion: Degree of cervical cancer lesion development could be determined by detected amount of $p16^{INK4a}$ in different clinical samples.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.258-265
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the influence of job stress and empowerment on nursing performance of clinical nurses working in small and medium hospital. Methods: The empirical data were collected from a self-administered survey using a structured questionnaire with 404 nurses working in 4 medium-sized hospitals (less than 300 beds), located in I-city. The data were analyzed using stepwise multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 17.0 program. Results: There were significant differences in nursing performance depending on general characteristics (age, marital status, religion, shift work, education level, position, clinical experience, department, and monthly salary). Empowerment correlated with nursing performance. Factors influencing on nursing performance were empowerment, clinical experience, job stress, and marital status with $R^2$ value of 36.3%. The most influencing factor was empowerment (${\beta}$=.47), followed by clinical experience (${\beta}$=.24), job stress (${\beta}$=.20), and marriage (${\beta}$=.12). Conclusion: It is needed to implement specific empowerment strategy, control job stress, and reward experienced and married nurses working in medium-sized hospital for improving nursing task performance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.307-309
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• 2011

The recently-released camera modules assembled into high-end handsets generally carry auto focusing function. The resolution size of the camera modules is getting higher, and customers demand more precise and stable auto focusing function. When auto focusing function is getting performed, the camera modules applied to VCM usually have the problems, which are an error of lens focusing position and resolution deviation according to the shift of one's position. For this reason, I propose Hybrid VCM that has an improved structure for a stable work of actuator and higher resolution level.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.07d
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• pp.1364-1366
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• 1998

An active-matrix LCD using thin film transistors (TFT) has been widely recognized as having potential for high-quality color flat-panel displays. Pixel-Design Array Simulation Tool (PDAST) was used to profoundly understand the gate signal distortion and pixel charging capability, which are the most critical limiting factors for high-quality TFT-LCDs. Since PDAST can simulate the gate, data and pixel voltages of a certain pixel on TFT array at any time and at any location on an array, the effect of the resistivity of gate line material on the pixel operations can be effectively analyzed. The gate signal delay. pixel charging ratio, level-shift of the pixel voltage were simulated with varying the parameters. The information obtained from this study could be utilized to design the larger area and finer image quality panel.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.33-42
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the perception, barriers, and importance of delirium assessment of intensive care unit nurses utilizing a tool for delirium assessment. Methods: The subjects were 150 intensive care unit nurses who routinely use the CAM-ICU to screen delirium. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and ranking. Results: Most intensive care unit nurses had experience of education about delirium and delirium assessment, and had assessed over once in a shift. However, a small number of nurses recognized utilizing their assessment result and the effect on higher mortality and underdiagnosed and preventable problem. The first rank of barriers was being too busy to assess patients and the second was difficulty of interpreting intubated patients. The importance of delirium assessment was considered lower than assessing catheter placement and level of pain. Conclusion: The study identified intensive care unit nurses' use of a delirium assessment tool, and the perception, barriers, and importance of delirium assessment. Furthermore, it is necessary to develop education programs to improve the early recognition of delirium by intensive care unit nurses.

• Atmosphere
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.187-197
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• 2012

This study investigates the relationship between the Korean temperature and the atmospheric circulation such as Arctic Oscillation, Siberian High and Aleutian Low during the winter (December-January) for the period of 1970-2011. It is found that all indices to represent aforementioned circulations are significantly correlated with Korean winter temperature for the period of 1970 - 2011. There are marked contrasts in such relationship, however, before and after the mid-1980s when a significant regime shift of Korean winter temperature occurred. While Korean winter temperature has a close relationship with Arctic Oscillation after the mid-1980s, its relationship with Siberian High and Aleutian Low is weakened. The composite analysis between a positive and negative phase of Arctic Oscillation before and after the mid-1980s is conducted to examine a recent strengthening of Arctic Oscillation-Korean winter temperature relationship. It is found that the structural changes of low-level wind and the geopotential height at 500 hPa between the two phases of Arctic Oscillation are more effective to influence Korean winter temperature after the mid-1980s. This may induce a close relationship between the Korean winter temperature variability and Arctic Oscillation after the mid-1980s compared to before the mid-1980s.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.390-395
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• 2017

The present study investigated the sedative effects of Sophora flavescens (SF) and its bioactive compound, matrine through performing locomotor activity test and the electroencephalography (EEG) analysis in the rat. The underlying neural mechanism of their beneficial effects was determined by assessing c-Fos immunoreactivity and serotonin (5-HT) in the brain utilizing immunohistochemical method and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results showed that SF and matrine administration had an effect on normalization of caffeine-induced hyperactivity and promoting a shift toward non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. c-Fos-immunoreactivity and 5-HT level in the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO), a sleep promoting region, were increased in the both SF and matrine-injected groups. In conclusion, SF and its bioactive compound, matrine alleviated caffeine-induced hyperactivity and promoted NREM sleep by activating VLPO neurons and modulating serotonergic transmission. It is suggested that SF might be a useful natural alternatives for hypnotic medicine.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.663-666
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• 2012

Current treatments for hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) include prolonged courses of antibiotics, retinoids, immunosuppressants, and biologics. Severe cases that are resistant to prolonged medical treatment pose a therapeutic challenge. We propose radical excision and lateral thoracic flap reconstruction as a treatment option for such cases. In our experience with two patients, good aesthetic and functional outcomes were achieved, with a high level of patient satisfaction. The availability of suitable flap coverage allows for wide resection of all of the hair-bearing skin, leading to a low incidence of residual disease and subsequent recurrence. Following excision of the affected tissue, the ideal reconstructive method in the axilla provides suitable coverage without unacceptable donor site morbidity and also avoids axillary contractures. A long lateral thoracic flap with delay has excellent coverage with minimal donor tissue sacrifice. With a suitable flap coverage option, the management paradigm of intractable HS should shift from prolonged medical treatment to allow decisive radical excision, which will improve the quality of life for patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.22 no.11 s.176
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• pp.165-172
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• 2005

In MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System), packaging induced stress or stress induced structure deformation becomes increasing concerns since it directly affects the performance of the device. In the decoupled vibratory MEMS gyroscope, the main factor that determines the yield rate is the frequency difference between the sensing and driving modes. The gyroscope, packaged using the anodic bonding at the wafer level and EMC (epoxy molding compound) molding, has a deformation of MEMS structure caused by thermal expansion mismatch. This effect results in large distribution in the frequency difference, and thereby a lower yield rate. To improve the yield rate we propose a packaged SiOG (Silicon On Glass) process technology. It uses a silicon wafer and two glass wafers to minimize the wafer warpage. Thus the warpage of the wafer is greatly reduced and the frequency difference is more uniformly distributed. In addition. in order to increase robustness of the structure against deformation caused by EMC molding, a 'crab-leg' type spring is replaced with a semi-folded spring. The results show that the frequency shift is greatly reduced after applying the semi-folded spring. Therefore we can achieve a more robust vibratory MEMS gyroscope with a higher yield rate.