• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.608-619
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• 2017

In this paper, the effects of parameters related to the residual stress induced due to laser shock peening process to determine mitigation of the initial tensile residual stresses are discussed, such as the maximum pressure, pressure pulse duration, laser spot size and number of laser shots. In order to estimate the influence of the initial tensile residual stresses, which is generated by welding in 35CD4 50HRC steel alloy, the initial condition option was employed in the finite element code. It is found that $2{\times}HEL$ maximum pressure and a certain range of the pressure pulse duration time can produce maximum mitigation effects near the surface and depth, regardless of the magnitudes of tensile residual stess. But plastically affected depth increase with increasing maximum pressure and pressure pulse duration time. For the laser spot size, maximum compressive residual stresses have almost constant values. But LSP is more effective with increasing the magnitudes of tensile residual stress. For the multiple LSP, magnitudes of compressive residual stresses and plastically affected depths are found to increase with increasing number of laser shots, but the effect is less pronounced for more laser shots. And to conclude, even though the initial tensile residual stresses such as weld residual stress field are existed, LSP is enough to make the surface and depth reinforcement effects.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.1821-1828
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• 2010

레이저 샥 피닝(LSP)은 금속재료 표면처리를 위한 획기적인 기술로서 금속 부품의 피로성능 개선을 위해 최근에 널리 적용되고 있다. 널리 알려진 바와 같이 금속재료의 피로 균열은 재료의 응력 상태가 인장(Tension)하에서만 발생되고, 압축(Compression)상태에서는 발생하지 않는다. 따라서 피로수명 개선을 위해 전통적인 샷 피닝(SP)과 함께 다양한 분야에 응용되고 있으며, 특히 LSP 는 금속재료의 표면과 깊이방향에 대해 높은 압축잔류응력을 생성시켜 준다. 본 논문에서는 유한요소 해석기법을 이용하여 LSP 에 의해 발생되는 압축잔류응력 생성과정을 모사하고, 압축잔류응력에 영향을 미치는 다양한 변수에 대해 민감도 해석을 수행하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.867-880
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• 2015

Mechanical fastening is still one of the main methods used for joining components. Different techniques have been applied to reduce the effect of stress concentration of notches like fastener holes. In this work we evaluate the feasibility of combining laser shock peening (LSP) and cold expansion to improve fatigue crack initiation and propagation of open hole specimens made of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy. LSP is a new and competitive technique for strengthening metals, and like cold expansion, induces a compressive residual stress field that improves fatigue, wear and corrosion resistance. For LSP treatment, a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser with infrared radiation was used. Residual stress distribution as a function of depth was determined by the contour method. Compact tension specimens with a hole at the notch tip were subjected to LSP process and cold expansion and then tested under cyclic loading with R=0.1 generating fatigue cracks on the hole surface. Fatigue crack initiation and growth is analyzed and associated with the residual stress distribution generated by both treatments. It is observed that both methods are complementary; cold expansion increases fatigue crack initiation life, while LSP reduces fatigue crack growth rate.

• 한국레이저가공학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.18-22
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• 2009

Experimental results for the laser shock peening of stainless steels, duplex stainless steel and STS304, for the enhancement of surface hardness are reported. A high power Nd:YAG laser (532 nm, 2nd harmonics) was used to irradiate the workpiece in water at the irradiances of 5, 10, $15\;GW/cm^2$. The surface of a workpiece was covered with Fe or Al foil for protection of the original surface and reduction of laser reflection. The laser pulse densities were varied from $25\;pulse/mm^2$ to $75\;pulse/mm^2$. In the case of the STS304, the surface hardness increased with increasing pulse density and the maximum increase of about 29% was achieved using Fe foil at $10\;GW/cm^2$ and $75\;pulse/mm^2$ conditions. The maximum increase in surface hardness of duplex stainless steel was about 8% at $10\;GW/cm^2$ and $75\;pulse/mm^2$ with also Fe foil. In the case of the Al foil, less increase of surface hardness was obtained, possibly due to the thermal expansion effect.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제62권6호
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• pp.739-748
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• 2017

Notches such as slots are typical geometric features on mechanical components that promote fatigue crack initiation. Unlike for components with open hole type notches, there are no conventional treatments to enhance fatigue behavior of components with slots. In this work we evaluate the viability of applying laser shock peening (LSP) to extend the fatigue life of 6061-T6 aluminum components with slots. The feasibility of using LSP is evaluated not only on damage free notched specimens, but also on samples with previous fatigue damage. For the LSP treatment a convergent lens was used to deliver 0.85 J and 6 ns laser pulses 1.5 mm in diameter by a Q-switch Nd: YAG laser, operating at 10 Hz with 1064 nm of wavelength. Residual stress distribution was assessed by the hole drilling method. A fatigue analysis of the notched specimens was conducted using the commercial code FE-Safe and different multiaxial fatigue criteria to predict fatigue lives of samples with and without LSP. The residual stress field produced by the LSP process was estimated by a finite element simulation of the process. A good comparison of the predicted and experimental fatigue lives was observed. The beneficial effect of LSP in extending fatigue life of notched components with and without previous damage is demonstrated.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제37권9호
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• pp.1141-1149
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• 2013

복잡한 물리적 현상에 대한 수학적 모델을 만들기 위해 적용되는 차원해석은 LSP 공정변수의 영향을 이해하는데 중요한 도구가 된다. 본 연구에서는 버킹검(Buckingham) ${\prod}$이론을 이용한 차원해석을 통해 레이저 충격 피닝의 잔류응력 결과에 영향을 미치는 변수를 확인하고, 유한요소법을 이용하여 LSP 공정변수인 최대압력파, 압력파 지속시간, 레이저 샷 크기 및 다중 LSP 에 대한 잔류응력 결과를 확인하였다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.290-296
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• 2005

The contour method is based on the elastic superposition principle, and relies on deformations that occur when a residually stressed part is cut along a plane. During the cut, the part is constrained at a location along the cut so that deformations are restrained as much as possible. The displacement is applied to an elastic FE model of the half. When plasticity is involved in the relaxation process, the superposition principle is no longer valid, and stress error in the resulting measurement of residual stress would be caused. Residual stress states in a laser peened Ti-6Al-4V strip were taken for the FE simulation.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.1250-1264
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• 2023

This paper presents approximate in-depth residual stress and plastic strain profiles for laser-peened alloy 600 surface via FE analysis. In approximations, effects of the initial welding residual stress and the number of shots are quantified. Based on FE analysis results, residual stress profiles are quantified by two variables; the maximum difference in stress before and after LSP, and the depth up to which the compressive residual stress exists. Plastic strain profiles are quantified by one variable, the maximum equivalent plastic strain at the surface. The proposed profiles are validated by comparing with published LSP experimental results for welded plates. Effects of the initial welding residual stress and the number of shots on these variables are discussed. The proposed profile can be directly applied to predict the mitigation effect of LSP on PWSCC and to efficiently perform structural integrity assessment of laser peened nuclear components.