• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.69
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• pp.721-740
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• 2016

Recently Korea has stepped into a stage of sluggish development, and the unemployment of young people has become a major issue. Especially in 1998 IMF economic shock was influential in formulating government policy and social economic structure on employment. Restructuring now becomes everyday words and further restructuring is already under way. Owing to the growing economic crisis and resultant unemployment and initial appointment shall be considered conditional. Young job seekers are grappling with mastering their native language and unnecessary experiences. These unnecessary experiences are needless waste of time and money. Educational system in university may be affected by environmental changes in population of students and business crisis. Sometimes the departments made a very low rate of employment may be abolished or merged in university. The government will demand us in the work of reform by doing NCS. The government is now ask to teach, train and employ students on the basis of NCS especially in high-school, job training center, and college and university. NCS has advantages and disadvantages. NCS may reduce waste of time and money to make unnecessary experiences, provide standard course to prepare educational system. It will be a big help to adapt properly and make better employment system. The most negative element of the program is application to humanities and social sciences by the same standard with technology and engineering department in the university. Standardization of each educational course will not react quickly to rapidly changing situations in the future.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.285-292
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• 2014

Intelligent systems are systems that mainly use knowledge rather than data or information. Therefore, knowledge representation is an important factor for intelligent system construction. Conceptual graph is a logical knowledge representation language which has graphical form and it can represent knowledge efficiently. It is, however, cumbersome to use conceptual graphs directly for programming. Various tools were developed to overcome this difficulties. In this paper, we survey on functions and characteristics of conceptual graph tools that can be utilized for constructing intelligent systems by using conceptual graphs. The result of this survey will be very helpful to use conceptual graphs for development of intelligent systems.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.245-252
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• 2014

Semantic search promises to provide more accurate result than present-day keyword matching-based search by using the knowledge base represented logically. But, the ordinary users don't know well the complex formal query language and schema of the knowledge base. So, the system should interpret the meaning of user's keywords. In this paper, we describe a user query interpretation system for the semantic retrieval of multimedia contents. Our system is ontological knowledge base-driven in the sense that the interpretation process is integrated into a unified structure around a knowledge base, which is built on domain ontologies.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.410-422
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• 2016

Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of a cultural competence training program for public health nurses (PHNs) using intervention mapping. Methods: An embedded mixed method design was used. Forty-one PHNs (experimental: 21, control: 20) and forty marriage migrant women (MMW) (20, in each group) who were provided nursing care by PHN participated in the study. The experimental group was provided with a four-week cultural competence program consisting of an eight hour offline and online course, e-mail newsletters and social networking services (BAND). Transcultural Self-efficacy (TSE) of the PHNs, client-nurse trust, and satisfaction with nursing care of MMW were measured. Ten PHNs in the experimental group were interviewed after the experimental study. Results: The experimental group showed a significantly greater improvement in TSE, client-nurse trust, and satisfaction with nursing care than did the control group. Six themes emerged from qualitative data: (a) Recognizing cultural differences, (b) Being interested in the multicultural policy, (c) Trying to communicate in MMW's own language, (d) Providing medical information using internet and smart phone, (e) Embracing culturally diverse people into society, and (f) Requiring ongoing cultural competence training. Conclusion: Cultural competence training enabled PHNs to provide culturally competent care and contribute to MMW's health outcomes.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.9A no.2
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• pp.163-170
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• 2002

Previous buffer cache schemes for continuous media file system only exploited the sequentiality of continuous media accesses and didn't consider looping references. However, in some video applications like foreign language learning, users mark the scene as loop area and then application automatically playbacks the scene several times. In this paper, we propose a novel buffer cache scheme for continuous media file system that sequential and looping references exist together. Proposed scheme increases the cache hit ratio by detecting reference pattern of files and appling an appropriate replacement policy to each file.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.254-262
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to examine recent trends in the welfare field of Public Administration. Research trends in the welfare field of Public Administration show that welfare-related research has rapidly and quantitatively expanded since 2000 and there were many studies using theories. In addition, it has been discovered that there have been many welfare-related and government centered studies that used empirical (statistical) analysis. On the other hand, the centrality of research keywords was analyzed by using language network methodology. "welfare" was set as the central axis and "Policy", "deciding factor", "ideology" were set as a small central axis. The research keywords, such as "OECD", "elderly", "local government", "service", "nation", "regions", "administration", "satisfaction", "women", "market","budget"were influencing.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.14-18
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• 2006

The role of dialogue manager is to select proper actions based on observed environment and inferred user intention. This paper presents stochastic model for dialogue manager based on Markov decision process. To build a mixed initiative dialogue manager, we used accumulated user utterance, previous act of dialogue manager, and domain dependent knowledge as the input to the MDP. We also used dialogue corpus to train the automatically optimized policy of MDP with reinforcement learning algorithm. The states which have unique and intuitive actions were removed from the design of MDP by using the domain knowledge. The design of dialogue manager included the usage of natural language understanding and response generator to build short message based remote control of home networked appliances.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.257-264
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• 2014

This paper is to construction of the data mining preprocessing tool for efficient database marketing. We compare and evaluate the often used data mining tools based on the access method to local and remote databases, and on the exchange of information resources between different computers. The evaluated preprocessing of data mining tools are Answer Tree, Climentine, Enterprise Miner, Kensington, and Weka. We propose a design principle for an efficient system for data preprocessing for data mining on the distributed networks. This system is based on Java technology including EJB(Enterprise Java Beans) and XML(eXtensible Markup Language).

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.397-403
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• 2016

This research reviews the concept of Visual Literacy which is the critical base for performing convergence-style educational program of fine arts. The Visual Literacy means the ability to understand and properly deal with the visual information given to the agent such as the literacy to the written language. It is beyond doubt that the necessity of the Visual Literacy is raised because there is different visual information through new media for the entire life of young generation. Therefore, the Visual Literacy is the base for performing convergence-style education when it comes to performing convergence-style educational programs. It covers the communication abilities to utilize new media and exchange visual information one another.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.143-165
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• 2002

The object of the present study was to examine whether it is possible to get appropriate data to examine the accountability and effectiveness of the elementary English curriculum from the present testing system at elementary schools. The present elementary education policy encourages using performance assessment relying mainly on teachers' observation of students' performanceinstead of objective tests of which the results are given in hierarchical number. To obtain objective data from the performance assessment, it is a prerequisite that teachers understand the achievement criteria set by the curriculum and be able to judge' performance objectively based on the same criteria. A questionnaire was used to examine the degree of teachers' understanding of the achievement criteria. A listening test was developed and given to 13 classes of 4th graders. The English teachers of the 13 classes were asked to judge whether each of their students had achieved the curriculum objective. The distributions of the test scores and teachers judgments were compared across the teachers to examine whether the teachers had the same achievement criteria. The survey showed that about a third of elementary school teachers reported that they did not have an understanding of the achievement criteria set by the curriculum. The comparison analysis showed that the levels of achievement criteria varied greatly among the elementary school teachers.