• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.49 no.7
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• pp.51-66
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to review the current language level of children from multi-cultural background and whether the language level of these children would be increased after participating in the 'We Start Language Intervention Program'. The subjects were 30 36-75-month old children attending daycare centers in Ansan city, South Korea. The results showed that the receptive and expressive language levels of children from multi-cultural families were low compared to those of other children, and that their expressive language level was evaluated more negatively than their receptive language level. After participating in the 'We Start Language Intervention Program', language test scores, language age and language percentile rank were all increased. It was also found that the developmental language level of multi-cultural children increased, and that of the children that had a language delay or language disorder decreased.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.190-202
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• 1996

This study assessed psychiatrically referred 5-to 13-year-old children who presented inattention or hyperactivity as chief complaints. Demographic characteristics, primary diagnosis, and comorbid psychiatric conditions of them were identified, and they were assessed using questionnaires and neuropsychological tests. Primary diagnoses included ADHD, anxiety disorder, mental retardation, depression, oppositional defiant disorder, developmental language disorder and others. functional enuresis, conduct disorder, and developmental language disorder were among the secondarily diagnosed disorders. In patients diagnosed as ADHD, overall comorbidity rate was 55.3%. The disorders that frequently co-occured with ADHD were specific developmental disorder, conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, anxiety disorder and other. ADHD groups with or without comorbidity differed in performance IQ and CPT scores. ADHD group differed from externalizing disorders group in the information subscore of IQ, MFFT, and CPT scores, and differed in teachers rating scales, the uncommunication factor of CBCL, and CPT card error compared with internalizing disorders group. The authors concluded that inattentive or hyperactive children should be assessed using various instruments to differentiate other disorders and to identify possible presence of comorbid conditions.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.43-51
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to survey Speech-Language Pathologists' perception on evaluation and treatment of "swallowing disorders". An online questionnaire was sent to the 279 subjects attending undergraduate/graduate programs in speech therapy department and/or SLPs who work in various settings. The survey consisted of three parts: 1) background information and educational/clinical experiences that are associated with dysphagia (swallowing disorder), 2) the current state of diagnosis and treatment of dysphagia of clinical practice (certified SLPs only), 3) the recognition of diagnosis, treatment, education for dysphagia. Each item of the survey was scaled by the participants on a five-point Likert scale of 1 to 5 (1 being not at all and 5 being extremely) or self-reported answers. The results of the survey showed that SLPs have high interest in "swallowing disorder", but most of them regarded them very difficult to diagnose and treat. The reason is that they have not been trained as a swallowing specialist. Therefore it is necessary to provide more opportunities for education and practice to establish the expertise of SLPs.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.87-94
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• 2024

Children with speech sound disorders (SSDs) face various challenges in producing speech sounds, which often lead to significant social and educational barriers. Detecting and treating SSDs in children is complex due to the variability in disorder severity and diagnostic boundaries. This study aims to develop an automated SSD detection system using deep learning models, leveraging their ability to transcribe audio, efficiently capture sound patterns on a vast scale, and address the limitations of traditional methods involving speech-language pathologists. For this study, we collected audio recordings from 573 children aged two to nine using standardized prompts from the Assessment of Phonology and Articulation for Children. Speech-language pathologists analyzed the recordings and identified 92 children with SSDs. To build an automatic SSD detection system, we used a dataset to train neural network models for automatic speech recognition and audio classification. Five different methods are studied, with the best method achieving 73.9% unweighted average recall. While the results show the potential of using deep learning models for the automatic detection of SSDs in children, further research is needed to improve the reliability of the models widely used in practice.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.89-108
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• 2009

Objectives The purpose of this study is to report the clinical effects of oriental medical treatment on developmental disorder induced by traumatic brain injuries. Methods The patients were treated with herb medicine, acupunctures, moxibustions, and negative pressures, and then evaluated by manual muscle tests, gross motor function measurements, sequenced language scales for infants. Results The patient's manual muscle power, motility, cognition, speech were significantly improved after six weeks of oriental medical treatment. Conclusions This study showed that oriental medical treatments were effective on developmental disorder induced by traumatic brain injuries. However, further clinical studies were needed.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.3-9
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• 2011

Autism and autistic spectrum disorder are chronic neuro-developmental disorders characterized by social and language impairments and stereotyped, repetitive patterns of behavior. The etiology of autism remains unknown; however, a strong genetic component has been detected and environmental factors may also be involved in their etiologies. In the current study, we reviewed evidence for the presence of prenatal and perinatal factors, gastrointestinal factors, food allergies, metabolic and heavy metal factors, and other nutritional factors that may represent risk factors for the development of autism and autistic spectrum disorder.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.63-68
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• 2022

Objectives : To get to know the effects of placental extract and laser theraphy for Temporomandibular Joint Disorder, we have tried a injection of placental extract and laser theraphy into 聽宮(SI19), 聽會(GB02) for patient with Temporomandibular Joint Disorder. Methods : In this case clinical assessment of temporomandibular joint dysfunction is assessed by the VAS score and the Korean Version of Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders(RDC/TMD). Results : The VAS score was significantly decreased after Placental extract herbal acupuncture and laser theraphy Conclusion : Placental extract herbal acupuncture and laser theraphy effectively resolved pain for Temporomandibular Disorders.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 2015

Speech and language are uniquely human-specific traits, which contributed to humans becoming the predominant species on earth. Disruptions in the human speech and language function may result in diverse disorders. These include stuttering, aphasia, articulation disorder, spasmodic dysphonia, verbal dyspraxia, dyslexia and specific language impairment. Among these disorders, stuttering is the most common speech disorder characterized by disruptions in the normal flow of speech. Twin, adoption, and family studies have suggested that genetic factors are involved in susceptibility to stuttering. For several decades, multiple genetic studies including linkage analysis were performed to connect causative gene to stuttering, and several genetic studies have revealed the association of specific gene mutation with stuttering. One notable genetic discovery came from the genetic studies in the consanguineous Pakistani families. These studies suggested that mutations in the lysosomal enzyme-targeting pathway genes (GNPTAB, GNPTG and NAPGA) are associated with non-syndromic persistent stuttering. Although these studies have revealed some clues in understanding the genetic causes of stuttering, only a small fraction of patients are affected by these genes. In this study, we summarize recent advances and future challenges in an effort to understand genetic causes underlying stuttering.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2021

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Chuna manual therapy(CMT) in the treatment of rotator cuff disorder. Methods We searched th following nine online databases without language restriction (MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane library, Ebscohost, CNKI, RISS, NDSL, KMBASE, and KISS) to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that used CMT in the treatment of rotator cuff disorder. The methodological quality of each RCT was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Results Four RCTs were included. in the meta-analysis. CMT resulted in a significant reduction in symptoms in these trials. However, there was a high risk of bias in the RCTs. Conclusions We reviewed RCTs that studied the effects of CMT for rotator cuff disorder. While the studies indicate that CMT has favorable effects on rotator cuff disorder. But the risk of bias for most of the studies was high. Therefore, high-quality studies are required to make further conclusions.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.9
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• pp.922-934
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• 2008

Developmental language disorder is the most common developmental disability in childhood, occurring in 5-8% of preschool children. Children learn language in early childhood, and later they use language to learn. Children with language disorders are at increased risk for difficulties with reading and written language when they enter school. These problems often persist through adolescence or adulthood. Early intervention may prevent the more serious consequences of later academic problems, including learning disabilities. A child's performance in specific speech and language areas, such as phonological ability, vocabulary comprehension, and grammatical usage, is measured objectively using the most recently standardized, norm-referenced tests for a particular age group. Observation and qualitative analysis of a child's performance supplement objective test results are essential for making a diagnosis and devising a treatment plan. Emphasis on the team approach system in the evaluation of children with speech and language impairments has been increasing. Evidence-based therapeutic interventions with short-term, long-term, and functional outcome goals should be applied, because there are many examples of controversial practices that have not been validated in large, controlled trials. Following treatment intervention, periodic follow-up monitoring by a doctor is also important. In addition, a systematized national health policy for children with speech and language disorders should be provided.