• 한국조경학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.39-52
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• 1992

In order to make plan for landscape construction by ecological methods in Yukong R & D Complex site, environmental factors and structure of plant community were investigated and analyzed around Yukong R & D Complex site of Daeduk. The result of this study were as follows: 1. In the result by the classification of TWINSPAN and ordination (DCA) techniques for analysing of plant community structure, thirty plant community structure, thirty plots were divided into four groups according to soil moisture and succession trends were seem to be from the development of subsidiary vegetation through Pinus densiflora, Quercus spp., Robinia psudoacasia community to Q. acutissima community. So this result was proposed to validity of vegetation introduction for planning of ecological landscape construction in studied site. 2. On the analysis of environmental factors by ordination techeniques, the plant community were divided by soil moisture. Soilcondition will be fertilized by introduction of broad-leaved tree and the development of succession trends from the present state of plant community to Q. acutissima community. 3. The problems of horiticultural places happened to studied site, so horiticultural places for ecological landscape construction was proposed planting techniques that were considered to soil suitability, economical efficiency, native species and wildlife. 4. If we attempt to ecological landscape designs on natural systems and use natural processes to achieve desired end-points, we are more likely to produce self-sustaining solutions.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.12-20
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• 2015

문무대왕이 674년에 동궁과 월지를 조성한 후, 1922년에 측량이 이루어지기까지 1249년 동안 어떻게 변형되었는지 자료가 없어 원형경관을 추정 할 수 없다. 그래서 본 연구는 월지 경관변화를 좀 더 심도 있게 추정하기 위하여 그동안 연구되지 않았던 Hara(1932)의 연구와 일제강점기의 사진 등을 분석하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1922년 측량도면과 1975년 측량도면을 비교해 본 결과 53년 동안, 섬을 제외한 월지 전 지역에서 2~4m가 낮아졌으며, 심한 곳은 10m나 낮아진 조산(造山)지역도 있었다. 제1 건물지 남쪽 호안에는 산을 연상시킬 만큼 많은 경석이 놓여 있었으며 이곳에 입수로가 있었음이 1922년 측량도면과 1950년대 사진자료를 통해 확인할 수 있었으며, 이러한 유구는 발굴 직전까지 남아 있었음을 확인 할 수 있었다. 건물지 3, 5는 건물지 1, 2, 4에 비해 봉우리 형상으로 더 높았다. 따라서 높은 기단 위에 건축물이 세워져 있었을 가능성이 매우 높으며, 현재와 같이 제 3, 5 건물지가 여타 건물지와 함께 같은 높이로 정비된 것은 잘못된 것이며, '경주 임해전지 조경정비계획(2009)'과 '종합정비기본계획(2012)'은 잘못된 것이다. 월지 발굴 이전의 사진을 통해 경관변화를 추정해 본 결과, 도면상에서 많은 변화가 있었던 조산 지역의 경관변화와 경석의 변화를 확인할 수 있었다. 이번 연구에서는 지면 관계상 제한적이었지만 좀 더 많은 사진자료를 분석한다면 월지 원형경관 추정에 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.467-480
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• 2019

Standard estimates are the numerical data of a unit quantity required for construction work such as the amount of materials, manpower, and the use of equipment required and are also a basis to calculate construction costs. Unfortunately, standard estimates for construction have also been used for garden construction these days as no standard estimates for garden construction have been developed or documented until now. As a result, many problems have arisen at garden construction sites since landscape construction and garden construction differ in terms of scope, size, design and construction methods. The purpose of this study was to develop standard estimates for garden construction for proper calculation of the cost of garden construction and to ensure gardens are created following appropriate construction processes. In order to develop standard estimates for garden construction, a preliminary survey was conducted on experts to understand current issues at first. After that, a questionnaire survey was done to examine problems of construction processes and ways of improvement, and on-site inspections were conducted utilizing CCTVs at construction sites to identify the actual amount of manpower required on site. Based on the results of the surveys and on-site inspections, a draft version of standard estimates for 5 types of planting work for garden construction was developed. Developing standard estimates for garden construction will serve as a stepping stone for the transparent and proper compensation for garden construction work, which will not only contribute to addressing issues between consumers and construction companies, but also to the stabilization of market economy and job creation.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.95-104
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• 1999

The Landscape Drawing is the main medium for constructing better environment which provides human beings with a place for dwelling well, even though it has some limitations. To provide places for people's daily lives, by what measure do we design\ulcorner, by what measure do we give dimension\ulcorner, and how can we appropriately measure the place with drawing\ulcorner On any given site, of course, much has already happened, i.e, there is history. Any adequate interpretation of such a site should poetically take into account the present effects of its absent past. The findings to reveal the meaning and methodology of landscape drawings in the environmental design with a case study are as follows: (1) The value of landscape drawings is the poetic, artistic interpretation which we sense and bodily experience through the simultaneous exposure of the site's temporal, spatial, and tactile conditions. (2) The landscape drawing should represent the invisible (imaginary) world as well as the visible (physical) world. (3) There can be classified as two methods in representing the rich experience of a place: expression and notation. Expression is the abstract representation and do not have a direct relationship to construction due to its ambiguous and connotative structure. But notation is constructional due to it's purely objective symbol system which is obviously denotative structure. (4) Collage is a medium of specific act that can represent the complex layered phenomena and the rich experience of given site. (5) The landscape drawings represent not only topographical space which can be measured objectively, but also topic which can be cognized culturally.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2018

This research was thereby made to study and analysis ecological, landscape, and stability qualities of roadside cut Slopes in expressways and national highways that went through revegetation works. Also, evaluation items and framework for integrated assessment of plant structure and restored state for the maintenance were suggested. Following is the summary of the result. firstly, for stabilization of introduced native plant species on roadside cut slops, assessment on the post-project environmental management through long-term monitoring and maintenance works must be made. It signifies a form of authentic recovery and restoration by the native plants. second, current evaluation framework on the test beds is well managed with clear evaluation standards and table while its method of assessing the post management with only test bed results lacks conformity with this study site. Newly developed evaluation framework on the post construction sites is estimated to be used as assessment standards on any roadside construction sites. Third, after site investigation distinction was observed among different revegetating construction types in the long-term perspective. Due to the different duration time of vegetation state between seed-spray measures(degraded in time) and layer-spray measure(maintained), the use of coarse straw-mat mulching work or Coir net was suggested in long term maintenance of cut slopes. forth, segmentation of post environmental assessment is organized into three large categories of "ecological", "stabile", and "landscape" qualities regarding post restoration quality and stability of slope through native plants with which categories marks 50, 30, 20 points of rates. fifth, components of the post environmental assessment were segmented in twelve categories driving results from former experimental construction and newly focused items on site. In the future, it is possible to propose a customized assessment method considering the location and location of construction work if the research on the application of post-environment assessment methods for road construction surface recording is conducted systematically.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2000

This research focused on the improved alternatives of the ordinance which practically control the open space in-situ, public open space and landscape construction related to city landscape for the healthy physical and mental life of the city dwellers. The contents of the study are as follows: 1. The special law of Landscape Architecture should be legislated. 2. The portion of landscaping should be changed by up-grading in the Ordinance of Landscape area and planting and the terms of landscape Facilities should include the ecological aspects in it's contents in the law. 3. The administration of local governments should actively lead and support the dwellers to make the roof gardens and the window gardens in the building area of cities or commercial districts which have relatively low rate of green space. 4. Any new construction and restoration of the buildings with preservation of the natural environment and creation of public open space should be given incentive and Set-back space in aesthetic area should have appropriate planting area and facilities in it. 5. Organizing professional landscape evaluation committee and composing evaluation standards are very important because of the contemporary proposition of the establishment of the establishment of ecological space and conservation of urban natural space. Because of the characteristics of Landscape Architecture, the Provisions of landscape Architecture Design and landscape architecture supervision of the specialist should be legislated and the Landscape Architectural Organization should be established within the Government.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.58-69
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• 2018

본 연구는 다양한 유적지 공간에서의 경관계획 및 시공기준에 대해 조경 분야에 적용 가능한 구체적 경관계획과 시공기준을 살펴보았으며, 이에 도출된 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 유적지의 유형은 보존상태 및 처리기법에 따라 분류되는데 보존 상태에 따른 분류는 건조물이나 구조물 등 지상에 노출된 유적과 매장문화재와 같이 지하에 매장된 유적, 유적에 대한 기록이나 명성이 전해져 오고 있으나 장소만 남은 유적 등으로 구분된다. 전시 처리기법에 따른 분류는 유적 주변을 격리하는 폐쇄와 유적 지상에서 관람할 수 있는 관통, 별도의 보호시설을 유적 위에 설치하는 중첩 등의 기법들로 분류되었다. 둘째, 유적지 관람 전시를 위한 조경계획의 원칙을 수립해보면, 유적을 구성하는 항목으로 영역의 구분, 유적의 표면처리, 수목식재, 시설물 설치 등으로 구분된다. 유적은 원형의 공간이 아닐 경우 구성요소간의 소재를 달리하여 공간을 구분하는 영역의 구분이 필요하다. 유구의 보존이 필요할 경우 복토가 바람직하며, 이를 위해서는 잔디나 관목류 등을 사용하는 것이 효율적으로 판단된다. 수목의 식재는 공간의 성격에 따라 도입을 검토해야 한다. 시설물은 유적의 영역과 성격에 따라 경관에 미치는 영향과 유적의 추가 발굴 등을 검토하여 신중한 접근이 요구된다. 셋째, 유적지 공간에서의 조경시공 원칙을 살펴본 결과 도출된 정비방법은 현상보존, 보호시설 설치, 복토, 수복, 복원, 이전, 재현 등으로 분류되었다. 현상보존은 제한적인 조경계획이 필수적이며, 기존 유적의 원형에 영향을 미치지 않아야 한다. 보호시설은 유적의 보호를 위해 불가피할 경우 설치되어야 하며, 복토가 이루어질 경우 유적을 훼손할 수 있는 수목을 제거하고 성토 후 토사유실방지를 위해 표면처리가 요구된다. 수복은 원형에 대한 단서를 근거로 원형보존에 준하는 조경계획의 수립이 이루어져야 한다. 이전은 기존 유적의 외부공간과 유사한 환경을 조성하기 위한 조경계획이 필요하며, 본래 유적의 가치나 장소성을 부각할 수 있어야 한다. 재현은 현재 사라진 유적에 대해 과거의 경관과 분위기를 살릴 수 있는 조경계획이 수립되어야 한다. 넷째, 조경 분야는 발굴유적의 보존 및 전시효과 상승을 동시에 만족시킬 수 있는 분야로서 과거의 흔적을 보호하고 오늘날 폐허의 장소에 생기를 부여하기 위해 구체적 방안의 모색이 요구되며, 유적의 기능과 가치를 살린 유적지 공원 조성, 연계콘텐츠의 형상화 등이 대안으로 제시될 수 있다.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.347-362
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• 2020

Background and objective: It is difficult to conclusively determine the exact cause of tree defects since multiple causes are involved such as climate change, plantation, tree quality and planting time, construction, planting base, drainage, sunshine conditions, maintenance, and microclimate. The data related to landscaping construction defects are scattered or fragmented by companies and years, but not managed systematically by the defect information management system. Most of the earlier studies associated with tree defects in apartment complexes suggested defect rates after examining tree defects in the completed construction site and proposed fragmentary and subjective conclusions about the causes of defects observed in trees with high defect rates. It is proposed to continue to conduct studies on the establishment and analysis of systematic databases to identify the exact causes of tree defects and measures to improve, and the need to accumulate systematic data in the construction process where many defects arises. This study was conducted to reduce the defects of trees planted in apartment complexes. Methods: Main factors related to tree defects were subdivided based on the results of literature review and a defect investigation at the completion site, and tree history management items were selected and subdivided during the construction stage. Results: The criteria for the preparation of subdivided items were obtained, and the tree history management checklist was written for the site under actual construction and a systematic database was established. Items that are categorized based to the causes of defects include the location of nurseries, date, tree quality, site conditions, planting techniques, microclimates, and maintenance. Conclusion: This study suggested tree history management items based on the tree defects that can be identified at the construction stage and applied them to the selected study site, which differentiates this study from earlier studies. It will be necessary to conduct a comprehensive and objective time series analysis on tree defects that occur over time by continuously monitoring and collecting data after construction.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2003

This research traces the history of legislative matters regarding the enactment and revision of laws and regulations related to the outdoor landscape in apartment complex. The years before 1976 can be classified as 'a period of darkness' for the landscape in apartment complex due to absence of landscape legislation. From the year of 1977 when the landscape planting and mere necessities were carried out according to the local administration's building standard to the year of 1990 can be classified as 'a period of quickening'. The year of after 1991 when the enactment of the code#32 called "the green space in site" in the "Korea Building Code" and the "Korea Housing Standard & Regulation" was made, and various construction regulations and provisions were revised in order to improve the scantiness of the apartment complex and its environment should be called 'a period of development'.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2005년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2005
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• pp.721-724
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• 2005

In this study the spatial distribution characters of forest in forest damaged area were first considered by analyzing spatial data and monitoring forest landscape. Then suitable tree species on each site were selected through the weighted score analysis of GIS analysis methods. Finally, the best forest stand arrangement method could be presented on the 3D based simulation system for the advanced reforestation technology in Korea. For this purpose, the virtual reforestation system was implemented by using the concept of virtual GIS and CBD (Component Based Development) method. By use of this system the change offorest landscape of burnt forest area some years after reforestation practice could be detected and monitored by applying the site index and 3D modeling method.