• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.91-98
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• 2005

Results of meat quality, physicochemical characteristics, fatty acid and amino acid composition of the Korean Native Black Pig(70 and 90 kg of slaughter weight; KNBP) versus Landrace(110kg of slaughter) are as below. Compared with Landrace, the KNBP exhibited a greater lean meat yield, with no difference in backfat thickness between Landrace and KNBP. There were no difference in chemical composition between Landrace and KNBP, but pH, and cooking loss in the KNBP were superior value than those of the Landrace. These results, KNBP were affected in sensory property and cooking yield. Amino acid content of KNBP and Landrace were significant differences between Landrace and KNBP. Except for the methionine, essential amino acid contents of KNBP had significantly higher than those of Landrace. In the change of fatty acid composition, the Landrace had significantly higher percentages of palmitic(l6: 0), stearic(18: 0) and linolenic(18: 3) acids than that of KNBP, but linoleic acid(l8: 2) was decreased.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.6.1-6.5
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• 2018

Background: The meat quality of Korean native pigs (KNP) and crossbred pigs (LYD; Landrace ${\times}$ Yorkshire ${\times}$ Duroc) was examined to generate data useful for selecting native pigs for improved pork production. Methods: Fifty Korean native pigs (KNP) and 50 crossbred pigs (LYD) were tested. Loin samples (M. longissimus dorsi) of the two breeds were analyzed to determine meat quality and sensory properties. Result: KNP had a higher moisture content than LYD (p < 0.05); however, it had significantly lower crude fat and ash content than that of LYD (p < 0.001). KNP had significantly higher shear force than LYD (p < 0.01). KNP also showed significantly higher cooking loss than LYD (p < 0.05). KNP had a lower $L^*$ value than LYD (p < 0.05); however, it had a markedly higher $a^*$ and $b^*$ value than LYD (p < 0.001). KNP showed significantly higher linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid content than LYD (p < 0.05). Although KNP had significantly better flavor and overall palatability than LYD, it was less tender than LYD (p < 0.01). Conclusion: KNP had a markedly higher $a^*$ value than LYD. KNP had significantly higher shear force than LYD. The total unsaturated fatty acid content was higher in KNP than in LYD.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.313-318
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) influencing teat number traits in an $F_2$ intercross between Landrace and Korean native pigs (KNP). Three teat number traits (left;right;and total) were measured in 1105 $F_2$ progeny. All experimental animals were genotyped with 173 informative microsatellite markers located throughout the pig genome. We detect that seven chromosomes harbored QTLs for teat number traits: genome regions on SSC1;3;7;8;10;11;and 13. Six of fourteen identified QTL reached genome-wide significance. In SSC7;we identified a major QTL affecting total teat number that accounted for 5.6 % of the phenotypic variance;which was the highest test statistic (F-ratio = 61.1 under the additive model;nominal $P=1.3{\times}10^{-14}$) observed in this study. In this region;QTL for left and right teat number were also detected with genome-wide significance. With exception of the QTL in SSC10;the allele from KNP in all 6 identified QTLs was associated with decreased phenotypic values. In conclusion;our study identified both previously reported and novel QTL affecting teat number traits. These results can play an important role in determining the genetic structure underlying the variation of teat number in pigs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.1061-1065
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• 2017

Objective: This study was conducted to locate quantitative trait loci (QTL) influencing fatty acid (FA) composition in a large $F_2$ intercross between Landrace and Korean native pigs. Methods: Eighteen FA composition traits were measured in more than 960 $F_2$ progeny. All experimental animals were genotyped with 165 microsatellite markers located throughout the pig autosomes. Results: We detected 112 QTLs for the FA composition; Forty seven QTLs reached the genome-wide significant threshold. In particular, we identified a cluster of highly significant QTLs for FA composition on SSC12. QTL for polyunsaturated fatty acid on pig chromosome 12 (F-value = 97.2 under additive and dominance model, nominal p-value $3.6{\times}10^{-39}$) accounted for 16.9% of phenotypic variance. In addition, four more QTLs for C18:1, C18:2, C20:4, and monounsaturated fatty acids on the similar position explained more than 10% of phenotypic variance. Conclusion: Our findings of a major QTL for FA composition presented here could provide helpful information to locate causative variants to improve meat quality traits in pigs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.12
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• pp.1816-1825
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• 2019

Objective: We tried to analyze allele-specific expression in the pig neocortex using bioinformatic analysis of high-throughput sequencing results from the parental genomes and offspring transcriptomes from reciprocal crosses between Korean Native and Landrace pigs. Methods: We carried out sequencing of parental genomes and offspring transcriptomes using next generation sequencing. We subsequently carried out genome scale identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in two different ways using either individual genome mapping or joint genome mapping of the same breed parents that were used for the reciprocal crosses. Using parent-specific SNPs, allele-specifically expressed genes were analyzed. Results: Because of the low genome coverage (${\sim}4{\times}$) of the sequencing results, most SNPs were non-informative for parental lineage determination of the expressed alleles in the offspring and were thus excluded from our analysis. Consequently, 436 SNPs covering 336 genes were applicable to measure the imbalanced expression of paternal alleles in the offspring. By calculating the read ratios of parental alleles in the offspring, we identified seven genes showing allele-biased expression (p<0.05) including three previously reported and four newly identified genes in this study. Conclusion: The newly identified allele-specifically expressing genes in the neocortex of pigs should contribute to improving our knowledge on genomic imprinting in pigs. To our knowledge, this is the first study of allelic imbalance using high throughput analysis of both parental genomes and offspring transcriptomes of the reciprocal cross in outbred animals. Our study also showed the effect of the number of informative animals on the genome level investigation of allele-specific expression using RNA-seq analysis in livestock species.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.689-693
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the Cytochrome P450 (CYP2A6) gene as a candidate gene for the traits related with meat fatty acid composition traits in pigs. Porcine CYP2A6 polymorphisms were detected and PCR-RFLP was performed for genotyping of Korean native pig (n=14), Landrace (n=3), Duroc (n=3), Berkshire (n=3), Yorkshire (n=8) and F2 population composed of 202 individuals from an intercross between Korean Native pig and Yorkshire. PCR primer set amplified a 612 bp fragment of CYP2A6 and digestion of the PCR products was performed with the restriction enzymes SchI. The CYP2A6 SchI polymorphism was only found in the KNP breed. The genotype frequencies of TT, TC and CC genotypes were 0.36, 0.56 and 0.08 in the KNP respectively and the other pig breeds were fixed with CC genotype (Duroc, Landrace, Berkshire and Yorkshire). Statistical association between genotypes and fatty acid composition traits were tested in the Korean native pig and Yorkshire crossed F2 pigs. The CYP2A6 SchI polymorphism was associated with only fatty acid composition C20:3n3 level (cis11,14,17-Eicosatrienoic acid, p=0.0252). The 'T' allele was associated with lower C20:3n3 level. Further study is required to validate the genotypic association and biological consequence of the CYP2A6 gene polymorphism in pigs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.1357-1363
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• 2012

Pigs may need to be exploited as xenotransplantation donors due to the shortage of human organs, tissues and cells. Porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs) are a significant obstacle to xenotransplantation because they can infect human cells in vitro and have the potential for transmission of unexpected pathogens to humans. In this research, 101 pigs, including four commercial breeds (23 Berkshire, 13 Duroc, 22 Landrace and 14 Yorkshire pigs), one native breed (19 Korean native pigs) and one miniature breed (10 NIH miniature pigs) were used to investigate insertional variations for 11 PERV loci (three PERV-A, six PERV-B and two PERV-C). Over 60% of the pigs harbored one PERV-A (907F8) integration and five PERV-B (B3-3G, B3-7G, 742H1, 1155D9 and 465D1) integrations. However, two PERV-A loci (A1-6C and 1347C1) and one PERV-B locus (B3-7F) were absent in Duroc pigs. Moreover, two PERV-C loci (C2-6C and C4-2G) only existed in Korean native pigs and NIH miniature pigs. The results suggest that PERV insertional variations differ among pig breeds as well as among individuals within a breed. Also, the results presented here can be used for the selection of animals that do not have specific PERV integration for xenotransplantation research.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.1675-1681
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to detect positional candidate genes located within the support interval (SI) regions based on the results of red blood cell, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin quantitative trait locus (QTL) in Sus scrofa chromosome 13, and to verify the correlation between specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the exonic region of the positional candidate gene and the three genetic traits. The flanking markers of the three QTL SI regions are SW38 and S0215. Within the QTL SI regions, 44 genes were located, and runt-related transcription factor 1, dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A), and potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 15 KCNJ15-which are reported to be related to the hematological traits and clinical features of Down syndrome-were selected as positional candidate genes. The ten SNPs located in the exonic region of the three genes were detected by next generation sequencing. A total of 1,232 pigs of an $F_2$ resource population between Landrace and Korean native pigs were genotyped. To investigate the effects of the three genes on each genotype, a mixed-effect model which is the considering family structure model was used to evaluate the associations between the SNPs and three genetic traits in the $F_2$ intercross population. Among them, the MCV level was highly significant (nominal $p=9.8{\times}10^{-9}$) in association with the DYRK1A-SNP1 (c.2989 G$F_2$ intercross, our approach has limited power to distinguish one particular positional candidate gene from a QTL region.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.467-471
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• 2009

The entire D-loop region of the porcine mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was amplified from six pig breeds (Landrace, Duroc, Large White, Korean native pig, Berkshire, and Hampshire) using a primer set designed on the basis of reported porcine mtDNA sequences. From analyses through cloning, DNA sequencing and multiple sequence alignment, an 11-bp (TAAAACACTTA) duplication was observed after known tandem repetition in the D-loop region, which promoted hetroplasmy in mtDNA. Although the existence of the 11-bp duplication has been previously reported in Duroc and Japanese native pigs, there have not been any attempts to know the characteristics of this duplication in other breeds so far. A 150 bp fragment containing the 11-duplication was amplified and typed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). All Large Whites had two duplication units and Duroc showed heteromorphic patterns, 11.2% (9/80) of the animals had the 11-bp duplication in total. On the other hand, Landrace, Berkshire, Hampshire and Korean native pigs were non-duplicated. This result showed that the 11-bp duplication could be used as a breed-specific DNA marker for distinguishing pure Landrace and Large White breeds.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.1081-1085
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• 2017

Objective: Previously, we reported quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting backfat thickness (BFT) traits on pig chromosome 5 (SW1482-SW963) in an F2 intercross population between Landrace and Korean native pigs. The aim of this study was to evaluate glutamate receptor-interacting protein 1 (GRIP1) as a positional candidate gene underlying the QTL affecting BFT traits. Methods: Genotype and phenotype analyses were performed using the 1,105 $F_2$ progeny. A mixed-effect linear model was used to access association between these single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and the BFT traits in the $F_2$ intercross population. Results: Highly significant associations of two informative SNPs (c.2442 T>C, c.3316 C>G [R1106G]) in GRIP1 with BFT traits were detected. In addition, the two SNPs were used to construct haplotypes that were also highly associated with the BFT traits. Conclusion: The SNPs and haplotypes of the GRIP1 gene determined in this study can contribute to understand the genetic structure of BFT traits in pigs.