• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.62 no.6
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• pp.111-118
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• 2020

This study developed a rainwater harvesting system for the irrigation of upland on sloping area. The assessment of water supply capacity was evaluated in farm field experience. This system consists of a water catchment device and a collapsible storage tank. The water catchment device was designed to collect runoff water in natural channel of 500 mm width into a pipe of 50 mm inner diameter. The device has funnel-shaped plan and cross-section of square. The storage capacity of the collapsible water tank was caculated to meet the water demand for irrigation in 30 a cultivated land for 10-year frequancy drought. The tank has a cuboid shape with a capacity of 30 ㎥, 5 m in width and length, 1.2 m in height. This system can supply 92% of the water required for drop irrigation of red pepper and 88% of the water required for drop irrigation of onions in 30 a cultivation land during the month of May and June. In the case of 16-dry days of 10-years frequency, this system is capable to irrigate 100% of required water for red pepper and onion, 76.7% of required water for Omija (Schisandra chinensis), and 51.5% of required water for autumn kimchi cabbage.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.545-554
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• 2018

As the map paradigm shifts from analog to digital, the LOD (Level Of Detail) of spatial information needs to be redefined. In this study, we propose 4- dimensional indoor LOD model which can be used in digital map environment. For this purpose, the limitation of the previous research is derived through study of related works, and based on this, four different LODs are defined such PLOD (Position accuracy LOD) based on position accuracy, GLOD (Geometric LOD) based on shape representation, CLOD (Complete LOD) based on generalization, and SLOD (Semantic LOD) based on theme accuracy. In addition, we describe the relationships among the four different LODs, and explain how to express the indoor LOD using the four different LODs and show examples. In the future, the case studies of indoor LOD adoption for various indoor services and the study of method for applying CLOD and SLOD to each feature should be performed to verify the feasibility and validity of proposed indoor LOD.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.35-46
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• 2023

It was in the 1982 that artificial seed production research for olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) farming was first conducted in Korea (Currently, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Fish Breeding Research Center). In 1985, fertilized eggs were obtained from natural olive flounder adapted to land tanks, and artificial seed production technology was established and fertilized eggs were distributed. In the late 1980s, halibut aquaculture began to prosper in land-based tank farming in Jeju Island and Busan's Gijang region, where water temperatures are relatively high in winter. Currently, aquaculture is being carried out all over the country, centering on Jeju Island and Wando, Jeollanam-do. However, olive flounder farming, which started with a small group in the 1980s, reduced genetic diversity through inbreeding over generations, resulting in side effects such as slow growth, reduced resistance to disease and environmental conditions. In order to solve these genetic problems of farmed olive flounder in Korea, the Fish Breeding Research Center of the National Institute of Fisheries Science introduced a wild-caught parent fish group to the existing aquaculture group from 2003 to 2004. Genetic diversity was secured and KingNupchi with fast growth and improved body shape was developed. In this study, the current status of breeding technology development of olive flounder, a major aquaculture breed in Korea, is reviewed and future research directions are suggested.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.289-305
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• 2004

Atmospheric correction of Landsat Visible and Near Infrared imagery (VIS/NIR) over aquatic environment is more demanding than over land because the signal from the water column is small and it carries immense information about biogeochemical variables in the ocean. This paper introduces two methods, a modified dark-pixel substraction technique (path--extraction) and our spectral shape matching method (SSMM), for the correction of the atmospheric effects in the Landsat VIS/NIR imagery in relation to the retrieval of meaningful information about the ocean color, especially from Case-2 waters (Morel and Prieur, 1977) around Korean peninsula. The results of these methods are compared with the classical atmospheric correction approaches based on the 6S radiative transfer model and standard SeaWiFS atmospheric algorithm. The atmospheric correction scheme using 6S radiative transfer code assumes a standard atmosphere with constant aerosol loading and a uniform, Lambertian surface, while the path-extraction assumes that the total radiance (L/sub TOA/) of a pixel of the black ocean (referred by Antoine and Morel, 1999) in a given image is considered as the path signal, which remains constant over, at least, the sub scene of Landsat VIS/NIR imagery. The assumption of SSMM is nearly similar, but it extracts the path signal from the L/sub TOA/ by matching-up the in-situ data of water-leaving radiance, for typical clear and turbid waters, and extrapolate it to be the spatially homogeneous contribution of the scattered signal after complex interaction of light with atmospheric aerosols and Raleigh particles, and direct reflection of light on the sea surface. The overall shape and magnitude of radiance or reflectance spectra of the atmospherically corrected Landsat VIS/NIR imagery by SSMM appears to have good agreement with the in-situ spectra collected for clear and turbid waters, while path-extraction over turbid waters though often reproduces in-situ spectra, but yields significant errors for clear waters due to the invalid assumption of zero water-leaving radiance for the black ocean pixels. Because of the standard atmosphere with constant aerosols and models adopted in 6S radiative transfer code, a large error is possible between the retrieved and in-situ spectra. The efficiency of spectral shape matching has also been explored, using SeaWiFS imagery for turbid waters and compared with that of the standard SeaWiFS atmospheric correction algorithm, which falls in highly turbid waters, due to the assumption that values of water-leaving radiance in the two NIR bands are negligible to enable retrieval of aerosol reflectance in the correction of ocean color imagery. Validation suggests that accurate the retrieval of water-leaving radiance is not feasible with the invalid assumption of the classical algorithms, but is feasible with SSMM.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.213-226
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• 1993

In Korea, the urban studies of geography have mainly dealt with such a series of research as system of urban place and internal structure of urban area. The existing studies have been carried out with ecological approach. Ecologists, now a days, regard organiation and transfor-mation of the urban space as the process of invasion, succession, and segregation. However it is more proper that cities should be considered not as fragmantary objects, as some ecologists insist, but as synthetic ones in social structure. This research, with adopting a case of the renewasl of central area in Seoul, tried to make it clear that the formation and transition of the city is a product of social structure and examined polical and economic logic which exists in variation of urban space in detail. The results of this study are as follows; Urban renewal of central area is closely related with production and reproduction in capitalist society. In urban center, as business activities had increased since 1973 due to decen-tralization of production process, the necessity of reorganizing the land use in existing central area accordingly increased. The urban renewal program of central area in Seoul was inrroduced under such situation. The urban renewal of central area reflecting the capital logic has changed the central area with six hundred year's tradition. From the urban renewal of central area, not only was the central area, which traditionally had been mixed with various fun-ctions, simplified into the unitary area of busi-ness, but also physical landscape changed. As the land lot in renewal area expanded into regular shape, buildings became larger and taller. The program tremendously raised the price of related area. Aiming at these profits caused by the raised price, a great number of capitalists participated in the program. And as the benefit ratio of the manufacture sector continuously dropped with the economic recession, the pro-gram was carried out much more vigorously. That was because the idle capital accumulated during the recession was invested in property sector and was self-proliferated. The urban renewal raised the land value of central area and drove out the people living in this area. The people moved into the whole parts of the city resulting diffused squatter settlements. And the urban changes in central area were results of the policy of municipal authorities, who supported and systematized the changes lawfully and administratively, as well as reali-zation of capital logic. Due to the renewal policies of central area in Seoul, much more renewals by the only capitalists were carried out than those by the people themselves living in that area. The integration of land ownership in the law of urban renewal shows the reason of that. Moreover, the law allows the third deve-loper to participate in the tasks and admits the land expropriation rights. The municipal autho-rities guaranteed the profitability of the tasks through finacial aid, tax benifit, and relaxation of regulations for construction. As examined above, the changes in the land use of urban space have been led not by the ecological process of development of the city itself, but by the restructuring of capitalism and the intervention of the government authorities.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2005

The purpose of this paper is to conduct an experimental measurement and analysis of cities' morphology. Fractal theory that is an effective tool for evaluating self-similarity and complexity of objects was applied. For the comparative analysis of fractailities and computational verification, two totally different cities in Japan were selected. They are Kitakyushu City, which is a big and fully developed city, and Jinguu Machi of which almost all the area is covered with agricultural land use. After converting vector data to raster data within GIS, fractal dimensions of two cases in Kitakyushu City and one case in Jinguu Machi were calculated. The calculation showed that two parts of Kitakyushu City were already fractal. Jinguu Machi, however, was difficult to find fractality. As a conclusion, fractal was proved to be an useful tool to estimate the shape of cities reflecting their internal spatial structure, that is self-similarity and complexity.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.240-250
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• 1998

This study is to have attempted to analyze the characteristics of the change in forest landscape pattern of Seoul for 18 years by grasping it through satellite image data on the forest area in Seoul where a rapid change according urbanization and industrialization is going on. On the basis of Landsat MSS data- satellite image data, this writer analyzed the change in the number and size of patch and the mean edge length of each forest land, and the index of patch shape by each year from a landscape -ecological point of view. The results are as follows; First, in the pattern change of the forest patch of Seoul, the highest patch fragmentation area is the forest of the Yangchon-gu district where is decreasing it forest area by 654ha, 511ha, 495ha, 402ha each year from its total size of 742ha in 1979. Second, the change tendency shows that the average forest size decreased at 552.58ha in 1983, 435.03ha in 1988, 396.23ha in 1992, and 379.96ha in 1996. And analysis showed that even in the number of patches, the forest fragmentation phenomenon was presenting by the increase of development disturbance. Third, the mean edge by year was longest at 23,385m in 1979, but it is decreasing continuously. This shows the regular and artificial uniformity of forest landscape by disturbance-effect increase of the built-up development and shows low portion against edge effect by the time-series change like 1979>1983>198>1992>1996. Finally, in the analysis of a shape index indicated by ratio of size and edge, total averages were 2.56, 2.33, 2.17, 2.14, 2.14 each year, so that it is considered that the disturbance and ecological health status against forest landscape can be grasped according to being examined as 1979>1983>1988>1992, 1996 by the time-series change of the landscape.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2009.03a
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• pp.930-939
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• 2009

Most of steep slope failures occurring in Korea have appeared during the localized heavy rain period, whereas the evaluation model of a disaster vulnerability analysis that has been proposed to date, has been prepared in consideration only of external factors comprising geographical features. This study calculated a wetness index and a contributory area which delivers moisture to the upper slant surface during the rainfall period, and also conducted a disaster vulnerability analysis in consideration of the convergence of surface water as well as the water system created during the occurrence of rainfall by including a curvature that shows a close relevance with the shape of the minute water system that is created temporarily during the occurrence of rainfall and with the convergence and divergence of surface water. When compared with a steep slope failure occurring within a selected model district in order to verify the prepared disaster analysis, a landslide occurring in the model district had emerged in a region in which the disaster vulnerability analysis was high and the density of the minor water system was also high. If these research results are extended nationwide, it is the most effective to use a disaster vulnerability analysis and the density of the minute water system; and it is supposed to be the simplest and the most effective method for preparing a disaster analysis of mountainous land shape such as the model district.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.69-79
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• 2020

TRecently, smart cities that solve various problems in cities based on IoT technology are in the spotlight. In particular, cases of BIM application for smooth management of construction and maintenance are increasing, and spatial information is converted into 3D data through convergence technology and used for safety diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to create and combine point clouds of a multi-story building by using a ground laser scanner and a handheld LiDAR SLAM among UAV and LiDAR equipment, supplementing the Occluded area and disadvantages of each technology, examine the effectiveness of indoor and outdoor reverse design by observing shape reproduction and accuracy. As a result of the review, it was confirmed that the coordinate accuracy of the data was improved by creating and combining the indoor and outdoor point clouds of the multi-story building using three technologies. In particular, by supplementing the shortcomings of each technology, the completeness of the shape reproduction of the building was improved, the Occluded area and boundary were clearly distinguished, and the effectiveness of reverse engineering was verified.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.81-94
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to test the applicability of landscape metrics for quantifying and monitoring the landscape structure in the Geumho River watershed, which has undergone heavy environmental disturbances. Landscape metrics were computed from land cover maps(1985, 1999) for the forest patches. The number of variables were reduced from 12 metrics to 3 factors through factor analysis. These factors accounted for above 91% of the variation in the original metrics. We also determined the relative effects of land development on the changes of forest landscape structure using multiple linear regression analysis. At the forest patches, the conversion of forest to urban areas and agriculture resulted in increased fragmentation. Patch area and patch size decreased. and patch density increased as a result of the conversion of forest to agriculture($R^2=0.696$, p<0.01). The heterogeneity of patch size and complexity of patch shape mainly decreased as a result of the conversion of forest to urban areas($R^2=0.405$, p<0.01). The density of core area and edge showed the tendency increase, but there was no relationship with the conversion of forest to urban area and agriculture The future research will be needed to analyze correlations between landscape structures and specific environmental and socioeconomic landscape functions.