• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.111-121
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• 2007

Diagnosis and Prediction of urban industrial structure is a key subject for establishment of sustainable urban development plan. By this time, studies of industry-related urban spatial structure have been concentrated on measurement of space distribution by industry type mainly using data about urban industries or total worker numbers. Now, status of workers become an important issue so this study analyzed qualitative change of urban industrial structure in the view of space using work status classification system. For that, data for work status in 1994 and 2004 were collected in towns and villages, and space analysis units were coincided based on change data between 1994 and 2004. Then, it analyzed spatial distribution pattern of employment through qualitative standard called work status using GIS. The analysis results by work status type of Busan industrial structure in GIS circumstance were as below. First, traditional labor intensive industries met a limit and service and wholesale/retail sale industries went to be poor livelihood. Therefore, Busan's employment rate should be decreased and worker numbers were statistically increased, however, irregular and non-wage workers were suddenly increased. So, it was determined that the quality of employment in Busan area came down. Second, a traditional downtown area has dwindled; on the other hand, employment has been increased in new town or new industrial complex and in the area developed services rather than the manufacturing industry. It is expected that the result of this study may be meaningful as data to prepare for longterm industrial development plan through qualitative evaluation called work status as well as to make behavior pattern of industrial structure which is basis of urban development.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.228-235
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• 2002

Mastitis is the most costly disease results in lost milk production, decreased milk quality, milk discard, early culling of cows, drug costs and labor costs in dairy cow. Until now, a antibiotic administration at the end of lactation, dry cow therapy has been known the most effective and widely used mastitis control method. However, dry cow therapy do not control a new infection in the late dry and prepartum period because dry cow products have only persistent activity in the early dry period. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate clinical effect of sustained released biodegradable cephalexin microsphere using PLGA in bovine mastitis control during dry period. PLGA has been approved as controlled drug release system because of non-toxic, non-tissue reactive and bioerodible characteristics. This study revealed that cephalexin microsphere had a spherical shape with characteristic porous structure on the surface. Also, in vitro drug release studies are clearly observed that the release rate of cephalexin from PLGA microsphere decrease during the first 21 days after initial burst and then increase again between 3 and 4 weeks showing pulsatile releasing pattern. On the other hand, as tried in field the new infection rate, cure rate and mean SCC after parturition in cephalexin microsphere infused group were significantly differenced as compared to the control group. Accordingly, a sustained release of cephalexin from a biodegradable microsphere could make dry cow therapy more efficiently by preventing a new infection and decreasing the number of existing infection of mammary gland during dry period.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.91-94
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• 2020

This study was carried out to develop a method for cultivation of Lentinula edodes that would reduce both labor and waste. Cultural characteristics were studied, and mushroom yields were estimated to identify the most suitable method to culture L. edodes, using bottles and boxes. Among these, box cultivation with 7 kg of substrate had 40 days of browning period and the maximum yield of 945 g fruiting body; its biological efficiency was 32.7%. In contrast, box cultivation after pre-culture, and the bottle cultivation were found to be unsuitable for the production of L. edodes, due to long periods of browning, and low yields with poor quality, respectively. Further studies on box cultivation of L. edodes are necessary for commercial application of this method.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.171-178
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• 2008

Compressive strength of concrete has been regarded as a very important parameter of the quality control both in new and existing concrete pavement. It has been used a lot as the concrete strength evaluation both in the various-mixture-using laboratory and construction field using the same mixture. An error usually occurs in the test experiments of the strength, even in the test experiments with evenly mixed and compacted specimens of the compressive strength. It is caused by the 'manually operated' compressing testing, or by the specimens preparation with eccentricity. When compressive strength of evenly mixed concrete is investigated by the curing ages at the construction field, there have to be lots of specimens. And it needs much labor and cost. To substitute the endlessly repeated test experiments of compressive strength, presumption of compressive strength, by nondestructive tests, is needed. In this study, elastic waves were used among various nondestructive tests. Compressive strength of concrete was presumed according to the curing ages, by using the shear wave velocity which is not affected by restricted conditions. In the result, shear wave velocity is very closely related to the compressive strength at the evenly mixed concrete.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.3-19
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• 2001

According to the acceleration of informationalization and technological renovation in new coming $21^c$, the material production elements like labor and capital as well as others which have been the resources of a country's competitive power are changing into formless knowledge-based assets like knowledge and technology. In order to meet these demands of this time, companies in developed countries are concentrating on competition and cooperation to obtain higher technology as a strategy towards becoming first-class countries in the world. Thus, the development program of human resources should focus on providing creative technical application ability. Especially, universities should develop knowledge, technology, creative problem-solving ability and realism acquired by various fields in industry where engineering is used and make it possible to perform practical tasks. As a plan for enforcement and management of this program, a certification program which evaluates the ability and accomplishments of the study of graduate students in order to manage the quality of education should be applied as soon as possible at the institute which trains engineers. In this study, among the accomplishment assessment which have been suggested as an alternative assessment method, portfolio assessment is introduced into the educational situation of engineering technological human resources to find a method of application.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.163-171
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• 2016

This study derived the policy implications and market strategies by analysis the e-book companies requirements & the CPND value chain structure, in order to revitalize the e-book market in Korea. Specifically, we examined the prospect of e-book market in Korea, current situations of production and distribution, awareness of service utilization and requirements for support policy with targets of 30 companies. As a research, the most needed item for e-book companies is 'PR and marketing support to enter and open the markets'(27%), which is the highest. 'Financial support such as labor costs and business expenses', 'support for retraining personnel to develop the expertise in respective fields' are followed and they account for 22%. Currently, the most effective support item is the external support program(35%) and funding power(30%) is followed. Unlike a paper book market, e-book is turned into a platform business in terms of the value chain. Based on these research content, e-book market activation and corporate competitive strategy was derived as follows : 1)literacy reinforcement about SNS marketing and e-pub3 authoring tool. 2)statistical DB construction of retail sales channels. 3)diversification of the billing system. 4)The quality of the e-book content certification.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.333-344
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• 2011

The recent expansion in the number of housing construction projects has been accompanied by substantial improvements in construction quality, which can be attributed to the development of new construction technologies and materials. In apartment complex construction projects, numerous mechanization technologies have been adopted as part of the floor plastering process to counter increasing difficulties in securing labor and the pressing need to reduce lead time, but these have also triggered setbacks such as additional costs or loss of time to fix cracks in or loosening of floor. Cracks developing in the floor of an apartment housing unit, in terms of materials in use, are the products of a complex combination of material makeup, construction workmanship, concrete curing and the protection method. Controlling such elements from the perspective of materials in use may ensure partial success in reducing cracks, but fall short of eliminating them completely. Any attempt to prevent cracks from developing in the first place requires systematic analysis as to their potential causes and viable solutions to reduce them. On this backdrop, this paper aims to provide an analysis of potential causes of cracks found in floor plastering, and consider the mechanism of a crack stop-bar as a fundamental safeguard against them.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.118-128
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• 2012

As the bearing wall structure, which has been widely applied to domestic apartment buildings since the 1980s, cause many problems during remodeling of buildings, the government encourages constructors to adopt flat plate or rahmen structure through legal incentives. In line with such a trend, the green frame, an eco-friendly rahmen structure that has removed the shortcomings of previous structures, was developed to enhance structural safety, constructability, and eco-friendliness. The construction of green frame can reduce the labor cost and facilitate the composition of iron bars to reduce rebar loss through calculating the quality and establishing the bar bending schedule automatically on the precast concrete member data collected over the design phase. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop the algorithm to automate the calculation of iron bar volume for the green frame designed on composite precast concrete members. Automated algorithm to calculate concrete structural design information and design information. Practices through the application site should prove efficacy. The database established by the developed algorithm will automate the establishment of iron bar processing map and bar cutting list and the calculation of optimal composition and order volume to minimize the rebar loss. This will also reduce the expenses on management staff and overall construction cost through the minimization of rebar loss.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.817-831
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• 2014

In this paper insights from studies on the middle income trap and value chains analyses are combined to investigate one particular industry in one particular region: the sugarcane industry in Northeastern Thailand. Focusing on this region enables an in-depth focus on geographical differentiation of the middle income trap. The empirical outcomes demonstrate that policymakers involved with sugar should look at the particular challenges in Northeastern Thailand: 1. The role of brokers which is unaddressed in the current regulatory environment; 2. A lack of information of the regulatory environment among growers; 3. Distrust between growers and millers; 4. Alack of implementation of R&D efforts; 5 .A lack of support from associations; 6. The labor shortage problem, and 7. No incentives for growers, brokers and millers to improve quality and embark on upgrading. Since agricultural value chains in Southeast Asia often start in relatively poor rural areas it is imperative that policymakers balance the interests of upstream, midstream and downstream actors. Unfortunately, this is rather difficult as midstream actors (millers) and wholesalers are powerful and therefore, are in the best position to defend their interests. Our insights could function as comparative material for similar studies within other Southeast Asian upstream value chains.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.89-211
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• 1993

The Korean government embarked upon ambitious economic development plans in the 1960's the goals of development policy at that time were the elimination of absolute poverty and the alleviation of unemployment. With scant natural resources, the government had to push for industrialization based upon borrowed foreign raw materials with surplus local labor. Preoccupation with the economic goals of industrialization and export expansion left little room for considering environmental protection. It is evident that Korea's exported industrialization strategy of the past three decades has been a success in terms of income, production, and other macroeconomic indicators, but it cannot be denied that a host of undesirable side-effects have been created. These include environmental problems. congestion in several large cities, poor wealth distribution, and regional disparities. The environmental problems were recognized even in the early stage of development, but preoccupation with the pending economic goals of industrialization and export expansion left little room for considering environment protection. The perceived and actual seriousness of the problems, however, has reached such a level that further negligence may imperil political stability and developmental problems facing the world arise from a world economic order characterized by ever expanding consumption and production, which exhausts and contaminates natural resources and creates and perpetuates gross inequalities between and within nations. It will be necessary to develop new culture and ethical values, transform economic structures, and reorient, our lifestyles. Changing lifestyles can not be promoted by government policy initiative alone but through self=generated educational efforts and mutual training by people themselves. The citizens group for environment (NGOs) should assume these educational and training responsibilities starting from grass-root level of people. It must be reawakened to the reality that the environmental preservation for better quality of life is based on the development of human relationships, creativity, spirituality, reverance for the natural world and celebration of life, and is not dependent upon increased consumption of non-basic material goods. To carry on such environment education social movements and NGOs should (1) provides educational methodologies, which focus on values clarification and moving beyond clarification and moving beyond blame to constructive action. (2) provide training for leaders of business and industry, government, union and others on consumption and production. (3) initiate and support the training and work of environmental counselor who encourage responsible consumption. (4) cooperative with media to initiate and strengthen educational programs on the social environmental programs on the social environmental impacts of consumption and production and to build awareness of consumer responsibility and potential. Economic and social development can be compatible with environment protection : both can be achieved simultaneously. Effective environmental management depends on the various factors : political will, institutional arrangements, appropriate legislation, and availability of the requistite financial and technological resources, which is possible with a strong public awareness of the importance of environmental preservation.