• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.81-86
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• 1996

The assessment of acrosomal status is important in evaluating the ability of sperm to fertilize the egg. The acrosomal status of sperm from 47 normal volunteers with proven fertility and 167 subfertile men with not to achieve pregnancy for at least 1 year were evaluated with Acrobeads test(FUSO Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd, Japan) using immunobeads coated with MH61 monoclonal antibody, which is specific for acrosome-reacted sperm. The mean${\pm}$SD of acrobeads score in 47 volunteer group was $2.8{\pm}0.7$, of which 46(97.9%)cases were ${\geq}$ 2. The mean${\pm}$SD of acrobeads score in 167 subfertile group was $1.7{\pm}0.8$, of which 73(79.3%)cases were ${\leq}$ 1. The aerobe ads score in subfertile group were significantly lower(r=0.294, p<0.05) than those in volunteer group. In subfertile group, acrobeads score were well correlated with the sperm density and motility(r=0.275, r=0.281, p<0.01), but not with semen volume(r=0.16) and serum hormone level(FSH r=0.084, LH r=0.036, testosterone r=0.058, prolactin r=0.006 and estradiol r=0.060)(p>0.05). Of 63 subfertile cases with normozoospermia, 22(34.9%)cases showed 0 or 1 of acrobeads score, which means to accompany with a functional defect in spite of normal morphology. As a results, Acrobeads test is not only a technically simple sensitive procedure with good reproducibility in evaluating the sperm fertilizing capacity but also an useful in the evaluation of effectiveness in the treatment of infertility and the separation of acrosome-reacted sperm in the assisted reproductive technique.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.440-447
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• 2012

Heteroleptic complexes of zirconium (IV) derived from bulky Schiff base ligands containing a sulphur atom and oximes of heterocyclic ${\beta}$-diketones of the general formula ZrLL' (where $LH_2=RCNH(C_6H_4)SC:C(OH)N(C_6H_5)N:CCH_3$, $R=-C_6H_5$, $-C_6H_4Cl(p)$ and $L^{\prime}H_2=R^{\prime}C:(NOH)C:C(OH)N(C_6H_5)N:CCH_3$, $R^{\prime}=-CH_2CH_3$, $-C_6H_5$, $-C_6H_4Cl(p)$ were prepared by the reactions of zirconium tetrachloride with disodium salts of Schiff bases ($L\;Na_2$) and oximes of heterocyclic ${\beta}$-diketones ($L^{\prime}\;Na_2$) in 1:1:1 molar ratio in dry refluxing THF. The structures of these monomeric zirconium (IV) complexes were elucidated with the help of elemental analysis, molecular weight measurements, spectroscopic (IR, NMR and mass) studies. A distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry may be suggested for these heteroleptic zirconium (IV) complexes. The ligands (bulky Schiff base ligands containing a sulphur atom and oximes of heterocyclic ${\beta}$-diketones) and their heteroleptic complexes of zirconium (IV) were screened against A. flavus, P. aeruginesa and E. coli.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2001

The present study examines the expression and regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and its receptor (GnRH-R) mRNA levels during mouse ovarian development. A fully processed, mature GnRH mRNA together with intron-containing primary transcripts was expressed in the immature mouse ovary as determined by Northern blot analysis and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The size of ovarian GnRH mRNA was similar to that of hypothalamus, but its amount was much lower than that in the hypothalamus. Quantitative RT-PCR procedure also revealed the expression of GnRH-R mRNA in the ovary, but the estimated amount was a thousand-fold lower than that in the pituitary gland. We also examined the regulation of ovarian GnRH and GnRH-R mRNA levels during the follicular development induced by pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and/or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Ovarian luteinizing hormone receptor (LH-R) mRNA was abruptly increased st 48 h after the PMSG administration and rapidly decreased to the basal level thereafter. Ovarian GnRH mRNA level was slightly decreased at 48 h after the PMSG administration, and then returned to the basal value. GnRH-R mRNA level began to increase at 24 h after the PMSG treatment, decreased below the uninduced basal level at 48 h, and gradually increased thereafter. HCG administration did not alter ovarian GnRH mRNA level, while it blocked the PMSG-induced increase in GnRH mRNA level. Taken together, the present study demonstrates that the expression of GnRH and GnRH-R mRNA are regulated by gonadotropin during follicular development, suggesting possible intragonadal paracrine roles of GnRH and GnRH-R in the mouse ovarian development.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.195-203
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• 2006

길항미생물 MP-1은 여러 종의 곰팡이와 효모 및 음식물을 부패시키는 세균 (그람양성 및 음성) 에 대하여 항균활성을 보였다. MP-1의 16S rRNA gene 염기서열은 기존에 밝혀진 Brukholderia sp.의 염기서열과 99-100% 유사하였다. 배양액으로부터의 항균물질은 에틸아세테이트 (EtOAc)를 사용하여 분리하였으며 EtOAc에 용해된 산성 분획은 silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS 컬럼크로마토 그래피 및 HPLC를 사용하여서 정제를 실시 하였다. 최종적으로 Gas chromatographic-mass 스펙트럼을 통한 분석을 통하여 4 종의 항균 활성을 나타내는 물질은 phenylacetic acid, hydrocinnamic acid, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid 및 4-hydroxyphenylacetate methyl ester로 확인 되었다. 각각의 항균 활성물질들의 미생물에 대한 최소저해농도(MIC)는 $250{\sim}2500ug\;ml^{-1}$ 인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 6 mm paper disc 에서의 1mg (건물중) 산성 분획의 항균활성은 같은 비율로 혼합한 표준혼합용액 보다 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제34권3호통권134호
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• pp.256-262
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• 2003

Lonicerae Flos (LF) has been used as an anticancer, anti-viral, and anti-inflammatory agent in traditional herbal medicine. In this study, induction of rat growth hormone (rGH) by addition of methanol (MeOH) extract of LF of Lonicerae (L.) Folium or several constituents of L. Folium were carried out in the pituitary cell culture system. Induced rGH level by addition of 70% MeOH extract of LF was increased to $732.65{\pm}105.64%$ of control (n=18, p<0.01), however, the other sequential fractions were not significantly different from the control. Ochnaflavone, a constituent of L. Folium, induced rGH level in the cell culture to $329.73{\pm}160.00%$ of control (n=6, p<0.01). An I..v. injection of the MeOH extract of LF did not increase plasma rGH level in anesthetized rats. Unfortunately, the MeOH extract of LF induced prolactin and LH release about 7 and 5 fold of the control, respectively (p<0.05, each). In conclusions, 70% MeOH extract of LF exerted induction of rGH release in rat pituitary cell culture. Further studies to investigate mechanisms of the inducded rGH by LF are in progress.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.47-51
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• 2014

등심초(Juncus effusus)를 70% ethanol로 추출하고 이 추출물을 ethyl acetate분획, n-butanol 및 $H_2O$ 분획으로 나누었다. Ethyl acetate 분획에 대하여 silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography를 반복 실시하여 2종의 화합물을 분리하였다. 화합물 1 (dehydroeffusol)과 2 (effusol)에 대하여 free radical 소거활성을 측정한 결과, dehydroeffusol (DPPH; $130{\pm}3.21{\mu}M$, ABTS; $39{\pm}3.51{\mu}M$)과 effusol (DPPH; $79{\pm}1.53{\mu}M$, ABTS; $24{\pm}2.73{\mu}M$)은 강한 항산화 활성을 나타내었다. 또한 이들 화합물들의 인체유래 위암세포(AGS), 폐암세포(A549)에 대한 성장억제 효과를 측정한 결과 모두 항암약물(CPA)과 유사하거나 더 높은 성장 저해 효과를 보였다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.626-633
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• 2010

This study examined the relationship between meat color and myoglobin content, and evaluated their influence on muscle fiber characteristics and overall pork quality. Four groups of pigs were classified by lightness (CIE $L^*$) and redness (CIE $a^*$): HH, high lightness and high redness; HL, high lightness and low redness; LH, low lightness and high redness; LL, low lightness and low redness. Myoglobin content ranged from 1.2 mg/g to 2.1 mg/g, and was highest in the LH group and lowest in the LL group (p<0.05). Myoglobin content correlated significantly with redness (CIE $a^*$) (r = 0.45, p<0.01). Fiber compositions of type I and IIA were closely related to lightness and redness. Pork with higher sizes of type IIA and IIB fibers had lower lightness and redness, respectively, which was tougher than the other pork. Pork having the highest lightness and lowest redness, often considered "pale", has higher values in drip loss than the other classes of pork tested.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2010

The seed powder of Abrus precatorius L. has traditionally been used as oral contraceptive agent by the women in some rural areas in Bangladesh. The present study aimed to examine the antifertility activity of A. precatorius seed extracts in experimental female rats. Finely ground seeds were extracted with aqueous acetone followed by successive partitioning with n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), methanol (MeOH) and water. Water suspended crude seed powder, organic fractions of acetone extract and a standard contraceptive drug ($Nordette^{(R)}28$) were separately administered orally to the female rats for 30 days. n-Hexane, EtOAc and MeOH solubles at the doses of 2, 4 and 6 mg/rat/day, respectively and crude seed powder at 100 mg/rat/day exhibited 100% antifertility activity with lowest levels of serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and $17{\beta}$-estradiol. Histological study of ovary and uterus of these rats exhibited reduced number of developing follicles and increased number of atretic follicles in the ovary, and fewer uterine glands with shrunken morphology, reduced endometrial height, poor vascularity and compact stroma in uterus. However, the activities of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase and the body weight of the rats remained almost unaffected in all the seed extract treated rats compared to control. These results suggest that A. precatorius seed extracts reduced the levels of serum FSH, LH and $17{\beta}$-estradiol probably by affecting hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. The reduced levels of these hormones might have affected the oestrous cycle, follicular development, and subsequently the establishment of pregnancy in treated rats.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2003

Objectives : To investigate the increasing effect of veterinary acupuncture (VA) on the eggs-laying rate, we carried out the experiment in old hens. Methods : Twenty four old hens (ISA Brown; 1,200 - 1,400 g) over 75 weeks old whose eggs-laying rates were under the 50% for recent 15 days were used. In experimental group, VA treatments were performed seven times during 10 days. Unang point at the end of bilateral wing and Migun point at the tail bone were stimulated about 30 seconds by the stainless steel needle (0.3 mm o.d.). In control group, similar manual stress were performed at same frequency. The numbers of laid eggs were observed for 26 days after the beginning of treatment. Bloods were sampled two times from wing veins during and after the treatment period and serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) and Estradiol were detected. Results : Eggs-laying rates of experimental group $(34.29{\pm}2.79%)$ were significantly increased than that of control group $(27.56{\pm}2.00%,\;p<0.05)$ with the significant increasing of LH serum concentration in experimental group $(from\;0.77{\pm}0.13\;IU/I\;to\; 1.42{\pm}0.22\;IU/I,\;p<0.05)$. Conclusions : Increasing effect of VA treatment on the eggs-laying rate in old hens were proved in this study, and it may be the first prompt on the experimental investigation and development of VA.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.99-105
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• 1997

Using three species of Korean frogs (Rana dybowskii, R. rugosa and R. nigromaculata), the annual spermatogenic pattern, the seasonal changes in the steroidogenic competence, and responsiveness of testis to gonadotropins in terms of testosterone secretion in vitro were examined. The spermatogenic pattern of R. dybowskii was classified as a discontinuous type since spermatogenesis stops completely after spawning in late winter (February) until mid-summer (July). In contrast, the pattern of R. nigromaculata and R. rugosa was classified as a potent continuous type since sperm was always present in the seminiferous tubules all year round. In all three species, the levels of testicular testosterone and that of testosterone secreted by testis following in vitro culture were very low in late summer (August), but increased thereafter until winter (hibernation period). Interestingly, responsiveness of testis in vitro to gonadotropins in terms of testosterone secretion increased markedly in November (early hibernation period). Specifically, bullfrog LH was more effective than FSH in stimulating the secretion of testosterone by frog testis in vitro during hibernation period. This fact suggests that testosterone secretion by testis during hibernation is at least regulated by the pituitary gonadotropin rather than environmental factors. Taken together, the data presented here suggest that testicular cycles of three species of Korean frogs are closely linked to their females breeding cycles, and are eventually controlled by various environmental cues.