• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.19A no.1
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• pp.69-72
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• 2012

Logic programming based on classical or linear logic has traditionally lacked devices for expressing sequential tasks and sequential iterative tasks. Expressing sequential goal tasks has been addressed by a recent proposal of sequential goals of the form $G_1{\cap}G_2$ which is based on the game semantics of Japaridze. This paper proposes sequential iterative goal formulas of the form ${\cap}_x^LG$ where $G$ is a goal, $x$ is a variable, and $L$ is a list. ${\cap}_x^L$ is called a sequential bounded quantier. These goals allow us to specify the following task: sequentially iterate $G$ with $x$ ranging over all the elements of $L$.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.105-110
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• 1995

Suppose A is a local global ring (with many units) and $T{\subset}A$ is a preordering. Let $a_i{\in}A^*$, $i=1,2,{\cdots},n$ and $a{\in}({\sum}_{i=1}^{l-1}\;a_iT){\cap}A^*$. Then, for any integer l, 1 < l ${\leq}$ n, there exist $x{\in}({\sum}_{i=1}^{l-1}\;a_iT){\cap}A^*$ and $y{\in}({\sum}_{i=l}^n\;a_iT){\cap}A^*$ such that a=x+y.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.69-74
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• 1996

Capsaicin(CAP) is a pungent ingredient of hot pepper that has been used as a spicy food additive, pre-servative, and medicine. In this study, the effect of CAP on L-ascorbic acid(AsA)level in various tissues as well as its urinary excretion. and drug-metabolizing enzyme activity in rats were investigated. Rats fed AsA-deficient diets for 17days were injected intraperitoneally with 1mg of CAP in 0.5ml of ethanol-Tween 80-saline(20 :10 : 70, v/v/v). Control rats received the equal volume of the same solution without CAP. Urine was collected for 3 day after the CAP injection, and after 5 days tissues were removed; their AsA contents were measured by high performance liquid chromatography combined with and electrochemical detector. In addition, hepatic microsomal ethoxyresorfin O-deethylase(EROD) activity as measured. Urinary AsA excretion changed significantly following CAP injection. One and two days after CAP injection, the urinary AsA increased 2-and 3-fold in the CAP injected group, compared to the control, but the contents of adrenal glands and brain were lower than those of the control Dehydroascorbic acid contents in adrenal glands of the CAP injected group were higher than that of the control These results suggested that a single large dose of CAP could temporarily cause the redistribution of AsA in tissues accompanying by its urinary excretion, by affecting probably a biological system including mixed function oxygenase system(MFOS)

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.248-255
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• 1996

This study was devised to observe in vitro, the inhibitory effects of acidic polysaccharide fractions from Korean red ginseng (KRG) and white ginseng (KWG) on the lipolytic action of loxohormone-L and on angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE, peptidyldipeptidase hydrolase, EC 3.4.15.1) . The crude acidic polysaccharides (CAP) extracted from main and lateral roots of KRG and KWG were separately purified through several procedures. The total inhibitory activities on the lipolytic action of toxohormone-L of CAP from main roots of KRG and KWG was higher than those of CAP from lateral roots of KRG and KWG, respectively, and that of CAP from main root of KRG was 3.1 times higher than that of CAP from main root of KWG. The specific activity of CAP from main root of KRG was measured as 5.40 units/mg, when one unit was defined as the amount giving 50% inhibition on toxohormone-L induced lipolysls. A subfraction named PG4 3 obtained by replanted chromatography on DEAE-TOYOPEARL 650M gave the specific activity of 24.4 units/mg. On the other hand, it was found that the total inhibitory activity on ACE of CAP from lateral root of KRG was the highest among the 4 kinds of CAP, but the specific activity of CAP from lateral root of KWG was the highest.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.991-1001
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• 2015

In this work we obtain conditions for nonspecial line bundles on general ${\kappa}$-gonal curves failing to be normally generated. Let L be a nonspecial very ample line bundle on a general ${\kappa}$-gonal curve X with ${\kappa}{\geq}4$ and $deg\mathcal{L}{\geq}{\frac{3}{2}}g+{\frac{g-2}{{\kappa}}}+1$. If L fails to be normally generated, then L is isomorphic to $\mathcal{K}_X-(ng^1_{\kappa}+B)+R$ for some $n{\geq}1$, B and R satisfying (1) $h^0(R)=h^0(B)=1$, (2) $n+3{\leq}degR{\leq}2n+2$, (3) $deg(R{\cap}F){\leq}1$ for any $F{\in}g^1_k $. Its converse also holds under some additional restrictions. As a corollary, a very ample line bundle $\mathcal{L}{\simeq}\mathcal{K}_X-g^0_d+{\xi}^0_e$ is normally generated if $g^0_d{\in}X^{(d)}$ and ${\xi}^0_e{\in}X^{(e)}$ satisfy $d{\leq}{\frac{g}{2}}-{\frac{g-2}{\kappa}}-3$, supp$(g^0_d{\cap}{\xi}^0_e)={\phi}$ and deg$(g^0_d{\cap}F){\leq}{\kappa}-2$ for any $F{\in}g^1_k$.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.378-385
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• 1989

Water-soluble crude polysaccharide (CAP-0) obtained from the Capsici Fructus(the fruits of Capsium annuum L.) showed a potent anti-complementary activity. The anti-complementary activity did not change by pronase digestion of CAP-0, but decreased by the periodate oxidation. CAP-0 was fractionated into four polysaccharide fractions, CAP-1,2,3 and 4, by the addition of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. CAP-1, showing the highest anti-complementary activity, was refractioned by anion-exchange chromatography to give three major fractions(CAP-1-III, IV and V). CAP-1-III was shown to have low anti-complementary activity, but CAP-1-IV and V had high activity. CAP-1-III and IV were purified on Sephadex G-100 to give each two fractions(CAP-1-IIIa and IIIb, CAP-1-IVa and IVb), respectively. From the results of gel filtration and electrophoresis, these four fractions and CAP-1-V were found to be homogeneous polysaccharides. High molecular polysaccharies(M.W. CAP-1-IIIa 70,000, IVa 195,000, V 140,000) showed relatively higher anti-complementary activity than low molecular polysaccharides(CAP-1-IIIb and IVb).

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.125-130
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• 2000

An antiviral protein (CAP30) with ribosome-inactivating activity was purified from the leaves of Chenopodium album L. through ammonium sulfate precipitation and column chromatography using S-Sepharose, Blue-Sepharose, FPLC Suprose12 HR, and FPLC Mono-S. The molecular wight of CAP30 was estimated to be 30kD. CAP30 was thermostable, maintaing its activity even after incubation at $70^{\circ}C$ for 30 min, and was stable in the pH range of 6 to 9. In a cell-free in vitro translation system using rabbit reticulocyte lysate, protein synthesis was inhibited by the addition of CAP30 with an $IC_{50}$ of 2.26pM. The comparison of N-terminal amino acid sequences of this protein with known ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) revealed that it had some sequence homology with PAP-S and PAP-R from pokeweed (Phytolacca americana)and dodecandrin from P. dodecandra, but had no sequence homology with RIPs from other plants belonging to different orders. The mosaic symptoms on tobacco leaves caused by cucumber mosaic virus infection was completely inhibited by 100 ng/ml of the pure CAP30 protein.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.78 no.3
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• pp.232-238
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• 2015

Background: A relationship between low vitamin D levels and the development or outcomes of respiratory diseases has been identified. However, there is no data on the vitamin D status in patients with acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP). We evaluated the vitamin D status in patients with AEP among South Korean military personnel. Methods: We prospectively compared the serum levels of total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], 25(OH)D3, and 25(OH)D2 among patients with AEP, pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Results: In total, 65 patients with respiratory diseases, including AEP (n=24), PTB (n=19), and CAP (n=22), were identified. Of the 24 patients with AEP, 2 (8%) had deficient total 25(OH)D levels (<10 ng/mL), 17 (71%) had insufficient total 25(OH)D levels (${\geq}10$ to <30 ng/mL), and only 5 (21%) had sufficient total 25(OH)D levels (${\geq}30$ to <100 ng/mL). The difference in the total 25(OH)D levels among patients with AEP, PTB, and CAP was not statistically significant (p=0.230). The median levels of total 25(OH)D, 25(OH)D3, and 25(OH)D2 were 22.84, 22.84, and 0.00 ng/mL, respectively, and no differences in the 25(OH)D level were present among patients with AEP, PTB, and CAP with the exception of the total 25(OH)D level between patients with AEP and PTB (p=0.042). Conclusion: We have shown that low vitamin D levels are frequently found in patients with AEP and are comparable with those in patients with PTB and CAP.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.740-747
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• 2007

The advanced wastewater treatment plant of leather industry was selected to evaluated with its effluent water quality and statistical characteristics. Most of pollutants removal efficiencies were over 90% as well. And 95% reliability of effluent concentration were 106.8 mg/L of $COD_{mn}$, 72.04 mg/L of TN. However Effluent quality of TN exceeds the regulated limit. The range of coefficient of variation (CV) were between 0.18 and 2.49. Also, coefficient of reliability (COR) were between $0.03(BOD_5){\sim}0.63(COD_{mn})$ and 0.43 in terms of T-N, $Z_{l-a}$(Normalized Percentiles) value were 55.7 and 2.25 in terms of $BOD_5$ and T-N as shown in the following table.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.1160-1164
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• 2013

The solid super acid catalyst $SO{_4}^{2-}$/$ZrO_2$ was prepared by impregnation method using $ZrO_2$ as the catalyst support. Catalyst forming was taken into consideration in order to separate catalyst from the mixture of cellulose acetate propionate (CAP). $Al_2O_3$ and sesbania gum powder were selected as binding agent and auxiliary agent respectively. The catalytic properties were evaluated through esterification of cellulose with acetic anhydride, propionic anhydride and characterized by XRD, FTIR and $NH_3$-TPD. In this paper, the effects of concentration of $H_2SO_4$ impregnated, calcination temperature, esterification temperature and esterification time on the yield, acyl content and viscosity of CAP were investigated. The results showed that $SO{_4}^{2-}/ZrO_2$ successfully catalyzed CAP synthesis over catalysts impregnated in 0.75 mol/L $H_2SO_4$ and calcined at $500^{\circ}C$. The yield, acetyl content and propionyl content of CAP reached the maximum value of 105.3%, 29.9% and 25.8% reacted at $50^{\circ}C$ for 8 h.