• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.189-195
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• 2001

The Sun's ray is composed of Infared(49%), Visible light(40%) and Ultra violet(11%), however the ray getting to the earth is FIR(60%). IR(20%), and UV(20%). Human beings has utilized FIR already from time immemorial. Hershel found out Infrared for the first time, in the Industrial Revolution the Infrared and FI R had been begun to use making products. In asia. also, asian already has made use of FIR to treat the body, product things and make warm the house in the winter, as it had been called Wull therapy, fermentation. and On-Dol system. In these days, with contemporary science FIR would be begun to clear up the implication in the human body and organic compounds. IR classified by wavelength three parts NIR, MIR, FIR. There is FIR which is radiated from healthy human body the wave length is 8-14 m. It is difficult to standardized the wavelength of IR, since each related associations have a different opinion, so we suggested ideal IR wavelength and biological, phsiotherapical, medical FIR wavelength.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.4C
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• pp.377-385
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• 2010

In this paper, a general and explicit technique is presented for determining the filter coefficients of maximally flat (MAXFLAT) FIR filter with the magnitude response exactly passing through a prescribed cutoff point. This technique is based on a general formula (i.e. impulse response) with an arbitrary cutoff point and permits direct computation of the coefficients of this filter type with a specified cutoff point. The technique provides an explicit method for choosing the order of flatness of the filter with the specified cutoff point. Also, in the paper, it is shown to give a computationally efficient and accurate solution to the design of the filters with the desired cutoff point.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.4038-4056
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• 2018

Recently, the most frequently studied topics related to the fourth industrial revolution (FIR) are Big data, AI, Cloud Computing and Internet of Things- these four components are collectively known as the main components of the FIR (henceforth MCs). The MCs have a wide range of effects on workers' performance. As such it is imperative that these components are properly understood. This understanding will lead to a proper recognition of the attitudes that workers need to adopt to the MCs. Specifically, the attitudes of workers to several variables need to be examined, including importance, intention to use, belief in improvement, efficacy to use, and negative cognition. Each of these variables plays a role in determining how worker's performance in the FIR era will change. The performance-related variables such as self-efficacy, expectations, and acceptance of change are also crucial. These variables are related to creation of new opportunities, and can greatly influence performance in the FIR era. This study explains how specific attitudes to MCs improve performance-related factors for FIR. The adoption of these attitudes will ultimately lead to more successful adaption to the FIR era.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1993.07a
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• pp.323-325
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• 1993

In this paper, an output feedback controller is proposed for continuous time-invariant linear systems. The proposed controller, LQ-FIR consists of an LQ control gain and an optimal FIR filter. The LQ-FIR controller is derived, and the stability of the closed loop system is proved. The bounds of parameter variations guaranteeing the closed loop stability are obtained, when the LQ-FIR controller is applied to the system with model uncertainties.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.439-442
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 IIR/FIR 필터 융합을 위한 기법을 제안하고 이를 INS/GPS 결합항법장치에 적용한다. IIR 형태의 EKF와 FIR 형태의 RHKF 필터를 각 필터의 잉여값과 잉여값 공분산을 이용한 적응형 융합 확률을 계산하여 융합함으로써 두 필터의 장점을 갖도록 한다. 이 융합 기법을 적용한 INS/GPS 결합항법장치는 기존의 단독 필터를 사용하는 것보다 강인한 특성을 갖고 항법정보를 제공한다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.344-351
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• 2020

Background: The effects of far-infrared radiation (FIR) on the treatment of rotator cuff diseases remains unknown. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of FIR after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with regard to postoperative pain and healing. Methods: This prospective randomized comparative study included 38 patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair due to a medium-sized tear. Patients were randomly divided into the FIR or control group (n = 19 per group). In the FIR group, FIR with an FIR radiator started 1 week postoperatively for 30 minutes per session twice daily. It lasted until abduction brace weaning at 5 weeks postoperatively. We assessed pain using a pain visual analogue scale (pVAS) and measured the range of motion (ROM) of the shoulder at 5 weeks, and 3 and 6 months, postoperatively. The anatomical outcome was evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging at 6 months postoperatively. Results: At 5 weeks postoperatively, the average pVAS score was lower in the FIR group than in the control group (1.5 ± 0.8 vs. 2.7 ± 1.7; P = 0.019). At 3 months postoperatively, the average forward flexion was higher in the FIR group (151.6° ± 15.3° vs. 132.9° ± 27.8°; P = 0.045), but there was no significant difference at 6 months postoperatively. There was no significant difference in healing failure between the groups (P = 0.999). Conclusions: FIR after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair could be an effective and safe procedure to reduce postoperative pain, thereby facilitating rehabilitation and better ROM in the early postoperative period.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.7C
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• pp.658-666
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• 2007

In general, the earlier linear-phase MAXFLAT(maximally flat) lowpass FIR filters have the main disadvantage of a gain response in the half frequency band $(0{\leq}w{\leq}{\pi}/2)$ by the closed form transfer functions used in design techniques for realizing them. Moreover, most of them has existent problems as follows : ripple error in the stopband, gentle-cutoff attenuation, phase and group delay and inexact cutoff frequency response. It is due to the approximation algorithms such as Chebyshev norm and Remez exchange which are used to approach MAXFLAT and linear-phase characteristics in frequency domain. In this paper, a new mathematically closed-form transfer function is introduced for the design of MAXFLAT lowpass FIR filters which have the zero-phase and wideband-gain response. In addition, we verify that the closed-form transfer function is easily realized due to our generalized formulas derived newly by using MAXFLAT conditions including an arbitrary cutoff point. This method is, therefore, useful for "simple and quick designs". Conclusively, we propose a technique for the design of new zero-phase wideband MAXFLAT lowpass FIR filters which can achieve sharp-cutoff attenuation exceeding 250 dB almost everywhere.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.260-277
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• 2015

The object of this study was the climate change sensitivity assessment of Korean Fir and Khinghan Fir as a representative subalpine plant in South Korea. Using species distribution models, we predicted the probability of current and future species distribution. According to this study, potential distribution that have been predicted based on the threshold (MTSS) is, Khinghan Fir was higher loss rate than Korean Fir. And in the climate change sensitivity assessment using the scalar sensitivity weight ($W_{is}$), $W_{is}$ of Korean Fir was higher relatively than the sensitivity of Khinghan Fir. When using the species distribution models as shown in this study may vary depending on the probability of presence data and spatial variables. Therefore should be prior decision studies on the ecological environment of the study species. Based on this study, if it is domestic applicable climate change sensitivity assessment method is developed. it would be important decision-making to climate change and biological diversity of adaptation policy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.310-312
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• 2011

In complex noise environment, digital filter is being used to obtain, transport and storage original voice or image signal. Digital filter can be largely separated FIR(Finite duration impulse response) filter and IIR(Infinite duration impulse response) filter. Among FIR filter, window function has characteristic of linear phase and as can be easily set pass-band frequency, cutoff frequency and so on. In this paper, We compared with established method using transient characteristic and peak side-lobe in order to check filter characteristics after we designed the existing variants of the window function.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.62-74
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• 2008

In this paper, we would like to propose the design of symmetric digital filter core in order to use in the radio astronomy. The function of FIR filter core would be designed by VHDL code required at the Data Acquisition System (DAS) of Korean VLBI Network (KVN) based on the FPGA chip of Vertex-4 SX55 model of Xilinx company. The designed digital filter has the symmetric structure to increase the effectiveness of system by sharing the digital filter coefficient. The SFFU(Symmetric FIR Filter Unit) use the parallel processing method to perform the data processing efficiently by using the constrained system clock. In this paper, therefore, for the effective design of SFFU, the Unified Synthesis software ISE Foundation and Core Generator which has excellent GUI environment were used to overall IP core synthesis and experiments. Through the synthesis results of digital filter core, we verified the resource usage is less than 40% such as Slice LUT and achieved the maximum operation frequency is more than 260MHz. We also confirmed the SFFU would be well operated without error according to the SFFU simulation result using the Modelsim 6.1a of Mentor Graphics Company. To verify the function of SFFU, we carried out the additional simulation experiments using the pseudo signal to the Matlab software. From the comparison experimental results of simulation and the designed digital FIR filter, we confirmed the FIR filter was well performed with filter's basic function. So we verified the effectiveness of the designed FIR digital filter with symmetric structure using FPGA and VHDL.