• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.24-32
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• 2021

Two new sesterterpenes, including a known sesterterpene, were isolated from the marine sponge Haliclona sp. collected in the Gageo island, Korea. One of the new sesterterpenes (1) was an unusual compound possessing a spiroketal moiety and the other (2) represented a four ring-fused skeleton. The planar structure of compound 1 was identical to gombaspiroketals A and B isolated from the marine sponge Clathria gombawuiensis, but the configuration for the two chiral centers was different each other. On the other hand, the skeletal structure of compound 2 was similar to that of phorone A isolated from Phorbas sp. and a compound from C. gombawuiensis, except for one configuration at C-8. However, in comparing the ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectral data, the proton and carbon chemical shifts for the three compounds were almost consistent. The NOESY spectrum revealed that the C-8 configuration of 2 was reversed to that of the two reported compounds. The configuration for compound 2 was supported by quantum mechanical calculation for the carbon chemical shifts and DP4+ probability for the protons and carbons of 2.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1995.04a
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• pp.64-64
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• 1995

Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) mediates the transfer of cholesterol ester and triglyceride between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and other low-density lipoproteins, therefore, it might influence HDL levels. The levels of HDL is closely related to the atherogenic diseases in human and there were several reports that the trasgenic mice expressing CETP had much worse atherosclerosis than non-expressing control one. Therefore, selective inhibitors of CETP have the potential to be used as antiatherosclerotic agents. Continued screening for potent inhibitors of CETP led to the isolation of Suberitenone B from marine sponge. Suberitenone B, sesterterpenoids of a new skeletal class have been isolated from the sponge Suberites sp. collected from King George Island the Antartic. The structure of the metabolite has been determined by NMR experiments and chemical methods.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.377-382
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• 2013

The bacterial community structures of the marine sponge, Dactylospongia metachromia, collected from Chuuk of Micronesia on February 2012, were analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The DGGE fingerprints of two individuals of D. metachromia, CH607 and CH840 showed the same band patterns. The sequences derived from DGGE bands revealed 93~100% similarities with known bacterial species in the public database and high similarity with uncultured bacterial clones. The bacterial community structures of both D. metachromia sponges (CH607, CH840) were composed of 6 phyla, 8 classes: Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Cyanobacteria, Spirochaetes. DGGE fingerprint - based phylogenetic analysis revealed that the bacterial community profiles were identical in two individuals of the same sponge species collected from the same geographical location.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.20-27
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• 2011

This paper studied combustion characteristics of the sponge type sound-absorbing materials extensively used on building interior. To estimate of the combustion characteristics, we carried out combustion experiment of general type and incombustibility type sound-absorbing materials. And then to evaluate the suitability of the sponge type sound-absorbing materials, we measured heat release rate (HRR) and smoke density (Ds) of the sound-absorbing materials using by a cone-calorimeter. From the combustion experimental results, general type sound-absorbing materials were rapid burned simultaneously with ignition and the incombustibility type sound-absorbing materials had all gone out simultaneously with ignition. Measured results of HRR and Ds were not satisfied KS F ISO 5660-1 and IMO FTP Code, form the results, the sponge type sound-absorbing materials were ill-suited for using building interior.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.170-176
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• 2009

Culture-independent 16S rDNA-DGGE profiling and phylogenetic analysis were used to examine the predominant bacterial communities associated with the two sponges, Dictyonella sp. and Spirastrella abata from Jeju island. The culture-independent approach involved extraction of total bacterial DNA, PCR amplification of the 16S ribosomal DNA using primer pair 341f-GC and 518r, and separation of the amplicons on a denaturing gradient gel. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis banding patterns indicated 8 and 7 bands from the two sponge species, Dictyonella sp. and Spirastrella abata, respectively. There were not common major bands in two different sponges. Comparative sequence analysis of variable DGGE bands revealed from 93% to 98% similarity to the known published sequences. The dominant bacterial group of Dictyonella sp. belonged to uncultured Gammaproteobacteria, while, that of Spirastrella abata belonged to uncultured Alphaproeobacteria and Firmicutes. DGGE analysis indicated predominant communities of the sponge-associated bacteria differ in the two sponges from the same geographical location. This result revealed that bacterial community profiles of the sponges were host species-specific.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.177-182
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• 2010

The bacterial community structure of two marine sponges, Spirastrella abata and Cinachyrella sp. collected from Jeju Island, in April 2009, was analyzed by 16S rDNA-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). DGGE banding patterns indicated 8 and 7 bands for Spirastrella abata and Cinachyrella sp., respectively. Comparative sequence analysis of variable DGGE bands revealed from 92% to 100% similarity to the known published sequences. The bacterial groups associated with Spirastrella abata were Alphaproteobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria. The bacterial community of Cinachyrella sp. consisted of Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. Alphaproteobacteria was common and predominant in both the sponge species. Deltaproteobacteria was found only in Spirastrella abata while Actinobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria were found only in Cinachyrella sp. The results revealed that though the common bacterial group was found in both the sponges, the bacterial community profiles differed between the two sponge species obtained from the same geographical location.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.54-56
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• 2012

Sclerotium rot of sponge gourd occurred at the experimental field of Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services in August 2010. The infected fruits showed water-soaked and rot symptoms. White mycelial mats spread over lesions, and then sclerotia were formed on fruit and near soil line. The sclerotia were globoid in shape, 1-3 mm in size and white to brown in color. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth and sclerotia formation on PDA was $30^{\circ}C$ and the hyphal width was 4-8 ${\mu}m$. The typical clamp connections were observed in the hyphae of the fungus grown on PDA. On the basis of mycological characteristics, ITS rDNA sequence analysis, and pathogenicity to host plants, this fungus was identified as Sclerotium rolfsii Saccardo. This is the first report of sclerotium rot on sponge gourd caused by S. rolfsii in Korea.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.67-69
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• 1996

Some physical properties and inorganic components of sap from sponge-gourd(Luffa cylindrica L.) were investigated for their changes affected as collection time. Huter valves, pH, turbidity and viscosity of the sap were not different. pH value was indicated at slightly alkalinity and decreased by culturing period. Potassium, calcium and magnesium were major inorganic components of the sap and podium, zinc and iron were minor components. Copper was not detected in open culturing and also manganes way not detected in all samples.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.243-250
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• 2020

A down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) bioreactor was operated for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The Stover-Kincannon model was applied for kinetic evaluation of the reactor performance during the operational period. As a result, the coefficient of determination (R²) for straight lines of effluent concentration from the experimental data and from the predictive data of BOD₅; NH₄⁺-N; and TN were 0.9727; 0.9883; and 0.9934, respectively. The calculation of saturation value constant (Umax - g L^-1 d^-1) and maximum utilization rate constant (KB - g L-1 d-1) were 56.818 and 75.034 for BOD₅; 2.960 and 4.713 for NH₄⁺-N; 2.810 and 8.37 for TN, respectively. The study suggests that Stover-Kincannon model can be used for effective evaluation of kinetic removal of BOD₅; NH₄⁺-N; and TN from domestic wastewater treated in a DHS bioreactor.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.42-49
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• 2013

The global movie industry is continuing rapid growth through application of the latest technology. 3D movies are being produced and shown for a more effective viewing experience. Special chairs for audiences are being experimentally manufactured and installed for the greatest viewing effect. This special chair has a structure that applies vibrating stimuli to specific parts of the body by attaching vibration transducers to theater chairs and synchronizing it with each scene of the movie. In a previous study, it has been confirmed that we can analyze the vibration transfer characteristics of sponge seats through the application of an experimental modal analysis method and obtain design variables easily. In this paper, we examine the major design parameters needed in the development of a foaming sponge seat in which auxiliary springs are inserted to improve the vibration transfer effect of a chair seat. Through analyzing several prototypes by applying experimentation as well as the experimental modal analysis method, it was confirmed that the effect of vibration transfer can be improved through the use of an auxiliary member.