• 한국조경학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.60-68
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• 2008

경상남도 창녕군 이방면을 대상으로 토지이용 제한인자인 홍수피해, 토양침식 그리고 휴경 잠재성을 종합한 토지평가에 따라 조건불리지역으로 선정된 지역에 대하여 경관복원을 위한 제언을 하고, 이를 바탕으로 경관복원 전후의 경관구조 비교를 통하여 경관개선 효과를 평가하였는데, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 토지평가 결과 연구지역 내 농경지 면적 2,924.34ha 중 1급지는 388.560a, 2급지는 623.25ha존재하였고, 3급지는 138.08ha, 4급지는 230.4ha, 그리고 5급지는 67.91ha 존재하였다. 이 중 3급지와 4급지에 해당하는 지역은 조건불리지역으로 간주하여 경관개선을 위한 제안을 하였다. 둘째, 침수잠재성을 가진 조건불리지역은 습지와 그 완충지역으로의 복원을 제안하였고, 이 때 복원대상 토지의 소유주에게는 경관보전직접지불제에 의한 보상이 이루어질 수 있을 것으로 판단하였다. 토양침식잠재성을 가진 조건불리지 역 의 경우, 초생재배, 대상식생, 잠재자연식생으로의 전환을 통한 지력보강 방법을 제안하였다. 셋째, 조건불리지역의 경관복원에 대한 제안에 따라 경관복원 전후의 경관구조를 평가한 결과, 산림은 그 패치의 수, 경관비율, 최대패치지수, 경관형태지수, 산재 병렬지수, 그리고 핵심지역 면적에서 모두 증가한 반면, 논 밭과 과수원에서는 패치수, 경관형태지수를 제외한 대부분의 지수에서 감소하는 것으로 확인하였다. 우리나라 산림은 과거 농업이 경쟁력을 가질 당시에 지나치게 확장되어 현재 홍수피해, 휴경 등 여러 가지 열악한 여건을 가지고 있으므로 이를 개선하기 위한 노력이 필요하다고 보며, 그런 의미에서 본 연구가 나름의 의미가 있다고 사료된다.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2012

In recent years, the number of returnfarmer is increasing in Korea, interlinked with baby boomer's retirement. One of the returnfarmer's serious problems is the decision making for his returnfarm place. This study intends to get information about a ideal returnfarm place by interpreting Jung-Hwan Lee's written in the Choseon Dynasty, and to use it for returnfarmer's decision making as a lesson in the present age. In the results, this study could finds 8 evaluation criteria in his book except his 4 requirements for a ideal place to live : Ji-ri(地理, geographic), Saeng-ri(生理, physiology), In-sim(人心, popular mind), and San-su(山水, landscape), which are (1) distance from seoul, (2)multi-habitation, (3)convenient transportation, (4)a natural disaster, (5)thief(public order), (6)refuge from a war & escaping from a troubled society, (7)feeling from a place, and (8)Jang-gi(poison coming from earth).

• 농촌계획
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2018

Riverfront plays an important role as accessible and inclusive public space for residents, and a riverfront development and management has become a social and environmental issue. The purpose of this study is to analyze Korean legislation and guidelines applied in a riverfront assessment process to identify any legislative problems. To this end, major laws, regulations, national river management plans, and various guidelines related to river management were reviewed. The followings are the suggestions proposed for future improvement. First, clear and consistent definitions on riverfront areas and its spatial range are required across the laws. Also, recreational activities and facilities in riverfront should be categorized and listed for possible development and maintenance. Second, it is necessary to develop an objective and unified riverfront assessment system. Also, guidelines for surveying and evaluating the conditions and potentials of riverfront should be developed. Third, efforts should be made to revise related laws and guidelines to enable comprehensive and systematic approach in design, planning, implementation, maintenance of riverfront. Improving the related legislations and streamlining an riverfront assessment process can help create environmentally-friendly riverfront spaces and mange them efficiently.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.147-156
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• 2013

Myanmar(Burma) has been preserved valuable environmental resources because of its political isolation. But recently, Myanmar has moved a capital city(Naypyidaw) at central forest area and it has been urbanized radically since 2005. In this paper, we built multi-temporal land cover map from Landsat images of 1970s to 2012 with ENVI 4.5 software. For a broad approach, administrative district Yamethin which includes Naypyidaw is classified into 3 classes and with only Naypyidaw region is classified with 4-5 classes to analyse specific changes. And with forest cover extracted by Object Oriented Classification, we evaluated forest fragmentation before and after the development using Patch Analyst(FRAGSTATs 3.3) at Yamethin area. For Yamethin area, there were significant forest cover change, 51% in 1999 to 48% in 2012, and for Naypyidaw area, 67% in 1999 to 57% in 2012 respectively. Also landscape indices resulted from Patch Analyst concluded that the total edge, edge density and mean shaped index of forest patches increased and total core area is decreased. It is attributed from land cover change with urbanization and agricultural land expansion.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2011

Habitats loss and fragmentation are major threats to biodiversity. There are various kinds of environmental assessment have been developed for various problems to solve. Yet, there are no well-developed methods for quantifying and predicting about biodiversity. To achieve a sustainable conservation for biodiversity, the structural diversity of forest must be assessed by proper indexes. This study aim to quantitatively assess the diversity of forest structure as habitats and results of the verification by bird survey for objective presentation of evidence. As a result of literature review, some indexes were selected as potential prediction tools for biodiversity; area of patch, area of core regions, shape of patch and average age of stand. The assessment results were estimated by monitoring of birds for accuracy verification and the results were almost in agreement with each others. But, 1 and 2 level of forests were showed ambiguous results. Certainly, this study was limited in some valuation indexes on landscape scale. Further studies should be considered that different environmental factors such as land use, disturbances by human and vegetation index. Also, we expect that the additional monitoring of birds should give rise to the result which is improved assessment results.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.161-170
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• 2009

As urban growth continues, the earth ecosystem is increasingly dependent on the patterns of urban growth. The impact intensity from urban growth is expected to change predictably with distance from the urban center. However we can't fully understand yet how urban development pattern affects urban ecosystem. In researches about urban ecosystem, it is important to relate the spatial pattern of urbanization to ecological processes. So we used gradient analysis with time data; 1980's, 1990's and 2000's. We attempted to quantify the urban spatiotemporal impacts in Daejeon-city and Cheonan-city, Korea, along a 75km long and 3km wide transect. Through the results, we found the impacts range of urbanization with urban development process of two cities. When the urban growth was concentrated on in both cities, the impacts intensity and range were much stronger and wider. As a result, in urban planning or green space planning, we have to consider suitable urban development forms with surrounding areas, and make legal clauses which limits landuse change. This quantifying the urban gradient is an important step in understanding urban ecology.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.103-118
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• 2008

University campuses, in Korea, experienced expansion during the 1970's and exceeded its capacity in the 1980's. On the other hand, universities needed to deal with increasing capacity and expansion of its facilities. This study is carried out in three steps : developing the factors of environmental friendly assessment, designing an assessment table based on specific categories, and applying the categories to the campus of Seoul National University. The assessment factors and assessment table were designed through a survey of experts in landscaping, architecture, and urban planning. The elements of major categories were classified as follows; 1) Management of land and accessibility, 2) Pollution and waste matter, 3) Energy, 4) Natural resources, 5) Operation, maintenance and management of environmental friendly campus. And, this study classified five major categories into twenty subcategories on the evaluation of the environmental friendly campus. The twenty subcategories include various fields such as architecture, landscape architecture, environment, urban design, and social sciences etc., profound studies at this line should make more precise assesment guidelines.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.133-149
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• 2017

As cities face increasing problems such as aging, environmental pollution and growth limits, we have been trying to incorporate sustainability into urban planning and related policies. However, it is very difficult to generate a 'sustainable spatial plans' because there are trade-offs among environmental, society, and economic values. This is a kind of non-linear problem, and has limitations to be solved by existing qualitative expert knowledge. Many researches from abroad have used the meta heuristic optimization algorithms such as Genetic Algorithms(GAs), Simulated Annealing(SA), Ant Colony Optimization(ACO) and so on to synthesize competing values in spaces. GAs is the most frequently applied theory and have been known to produce 'good-enough plans' in a reasonable time. Therefore we collected the research on 'spatial optimization model based GAs' and analyzed in terms of 'study area', 'optimization objective', 'fitness function', and 'effectiveness/efficiency'. We expect the results of this study can suggest that 'what problems the spatial optimization model can be applied to' and 'linkage possibility with existing planning methodology'.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2012

Most streams in Korea have been managed mainly for the control of flood or usages of the water for agriculture, industry, and others, resulting in the loss of their natural characteristics. In recent years, ecological system and function of streams are recognized as very important, and a paradigm change in their management is prevailing. This study, first, analyzed recent stream restoration policies and projects and derived major restoration planning factors; second, evaluated relative importance and priority of the factors using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method. The derived planning factors were four factors for the level 1, and sixteen factors for the level 2. Relative importance and priority of each factor were calculated, and finally, a composite relative importance and priority of all the factors were suggested. These findings are hoped to support stream restoration policies and be used in drafting restoration guidelines.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.94-106
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• 2008

As populations inhabiting in natural ecosystem are fragmented by artificial barriers and habitats are destructed by development, extinction possibility of species is getting higher. It is necessary to design and to manage conservation areas and corridors considering animals' movement and migration for sustainable species diversity in present circumstances. 'Least-cost modeling' is one commonly employed approach in which dispersal costs are assigned to distinct habitat types and the last-costly dispersal paths among habitat patches are calculated using a geographical information system (GIS). This study aims to design ecological corridor using least-cost path method and to apply it to a regional ecological network considering movability of medium-large size mammals. This study was carried out over the metropolitan area, which has been deforested by rapid urbanization. Nevertheless there is connected with Gangwon province, Baekdudaegan mountain range and DMZ, considered where many forest species can migrate to this region. This study employs such an approach to develop least-cost path models for medium-large size mammals, have inhabited for this entire region. Considering those species, two forest areas as a source of species supply and forest areas more than 1,000ha are selected as focal forest areas. Movement and migration paths from species supply sources to focal forest areas are calculated by applying landscape permeability theory using land cover map, road density map and land slope map. Results showed least-cost paths from species supply sources to focal forest areas on two species. Wildcat and roe deer are different in some least-cost paths caused by their landscape permeability but paths show generally same specifics. The result of considering regional distribution of expected movement and migration paths to regional ecological network, low altitude mountains of western metropolitan area are evaluated important area for species connectivity. In national or regional levels ecological connectivity is essential to promote species diversity and to preserve integrated ecosystem. This study concludes that developing least-cost models from similar empirical data could significantly improve the utility of these tools.