• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.105 no.4
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• pp.422-428
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• 2016

Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.) is one of the most appropriate roadside trees because of a good transplantation nature and ability to grow well in urban environment. Ginkgo is a dioecious species. Sex discrimination of ginkgo is possible through comparing morphological characters of reproductive organs. However, it needs more than about twenty years for reproductive organs to appear after sexual maturity. Until now, ginkgo trees for roadside plantation have been planted without discriminating the sex because ginkgo trees have been usually planted before sexual maturity. Ginkgo nuts from the female ginkgo trees planted along the roadside emit a foul odor, and make much pollution on the streets. Thus in this study a novel SCAR marker (SCAR-GBM) for the early sex discrimination was developed. Primers were developed on the basis of the sequence of male-specific RAPD variants reported previously. False-negative problem of SCAR marker, probably caused by dominant nature, was resolved by using multiplex PCR using primers of both the SCAR-GBM and a universal primer set of atp1 region in mitochondria DNA, which resulted in improved discrimination efficiency. The results showed that DNA bands of 1,039 bp were commonly amplified by the atp1 primer set in male and female trees, and SCAR-GBM markers of 675 bp were specifically amplified only in male trees. Reproducible and specific discrimination of the multiplex PCR was finally confirmed by applying multiple male and female individuals.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.320-330
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• 2007

Mitochondrial 16S DNA sequences of Bemisia tabaci which were collected on rose greenhouse of Iwol and Jinchen in Chungbuk and red pepper field of Miryang, Gyeongnam, were analyzed. The mtCOI PCR product of B. tabaci collected on red pepper field of Miryang were digested with EcoT14I (Sty I) into two fragments 555bp and 311bp, while the PCR product of B. tabaci collected on rose greenhouse of Iwol were digested with Sty I into two fragments of 560bp and 306bp. As a result, B. tabaci collected on red pepper reveal biotype Q and those on rose greenhouse was biotype B. These was difference between two biotypes in insecticide susceptibility, and the biotype B was more susceptible than biotype Q. As a result of foliar systemic test, root-uptake systemic test and residual effect, the biotype B was more susceptible. In case of inhibition effect on enzyme activities of fenitrothion (organophosphorous) and fenothiocarb (carbamate), those of biotype Q was higher than those of biotype B. These results indicate that biotype Q was more resistant than biotype B against 12 insecticides.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.9
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• pp.1012-1018
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• 2014

Sasa quelpaertensis Nakai (Korean name, Jeju-Joritdae) is one of the most abundant plants on Mt. Halla, Jeju Island, and it has long been used in traditional medicines. Recent studies have reported it as possessing various beneficial functions, including anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertension, anti-gastritis, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer effects. However, the molecular mechanisms of its anti-cancer activity have not been clearly elucidated. In this study, we investigated the anti-cancer effects and mechanism of S. quelpaertensis on human colon cancer HT-29 cells. Cell growth inhibition by S. quelpaertensis was determined by MTT assay. Apoptosis was performed by DNA fragmentation, flow cytometry with propidium iodide staining (PI), and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to confirm the anti-apoptotic factors, such as inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family members. $NO^{\bullet}$ production was determined by Griess assay. S. quelpaertensis treatment resulted in the time- and dose-dependent inhibition of the cell viability of HT-29 cells by inducing apoptosis, as evidenced by the accumulation of the sub-G1 cell population stained by PI, as well as the ladder-like DNA fragmentation in a dose-dependent manner. S. quelpaertensis-inducing apoptosis was accompanied by the induction of S cell cycle arrests, increasing $NO^{\bullet}$ concentrations, and the down-regulation of IAPs, including X-chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP), cellular IAP-1 (cIAP-1), cIAP-2, and survivin. Taken together, these findings have important implications for future clinical developments of S. quelpaertensis in colon cancer treatment.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.226-239
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• 2021

Sebastes minor, Sebastes trivittatus, Sebastes owstoni, and Sebastes steindachneri are indigenous fish species inhabiting the central part of the East Sea, Korea. In order to understand the molecular evolution of these four rockfishes, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of S. minor and S. trivittatus. To further analyze the phylogeny of Sebastes species, the mitogenomes of 16 rockfishes were comparatively investigated. The complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) nucleotide sequences of S. minor and S. trivittatus were 16,408 bp and 16,409 bp in length, respectively. A total of 37 genes were found in mtDNA of S. minor and S. trivittatus, including 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and 22 transfer RNA genes, which exhibited similar characters with other Sebastes species in the East Sea, Korea. In addition, we detected a conserved motif "ATGTA" in the control region of the four Sebastes species, but no tandem repeat units. Comparative analyses of the congeneric mitochondrial genomes were performed, which showed that control regions were more variable than the concatenated protein-coding genes. As a result of analysing phylogenetic relationships of four Sebastes species by using concatenated nucleotide sequences of 13 protein-coding genes, S. minor, S. trivittatus, S. owstoni and S. steindachneri were clustered into three clades. The phylogenetic tree exhibited that S. minor and S. steindachneri shared a closer relationship, whereas S. trivittatus and S. vulpes formed another distinct clade. Our results contribute to a better understanding of evolutionary patterns of Sebastes species inhabiting the middle East Sea, Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.102 no.2
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• pp.264-271
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• 2013

Mating system parameters were estimated in a natural population of Pinus koraiensis which was located at Gwongeumseong in Mt. Seorak, South Korea. The estimated parameters from allozyme were as follows: 0.882 of multilocus outcrossing rates($t_m$), 0.881 of singlelocus outcrossing rates($t_s$), 0.368 of correlated paternity($r_p$), and 2.7 of number of effective pollen contributors. The estimated parameters from cpSSR markers were as follows: 0.831 of average of outcrossing rates and 12.4 of the average number of effective pollen contributors. The average outcrossing rate from two genetic markers was 0.857, which was similar to those estimated in other conifer species. More number of potential pollen contributors was estimated from cpSSR marker analysis compared with that estimated from allozyme marker analysis. This result sugges$t_s$ that cpSSR markers may be more useful than allozyme markers for identifying potential pollen contributors in the analysis of mating system.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2002

Pseudomonas sp. S-47 is capable of degrading 4-chlorobenzoate to produce 5-chloro-2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde (5C-2HMS) by the enzymes encoding by xylXYZLTE cluster. In this study, the resulting 5C-2HMS was confirmed to be transformed to 5-chloro-2-hydroxymuconic acid (5C-2HMA) by 5C-2HMS dehydrogenase. The xylG gene encoding 5C-2HMS dehydrogenase was cloned from the chromosomal DNA of strain S-47. The nucleotide sequence of xylG showed to be composed of 1,600 base pairs with ATG initiation and TGA termination codons. A deduced amino acid sequence of the 5C-2HMS dehydrogenase (XylG) exhibited 98％, 93％, and 89％ identity with those of the dehydrogenases from P. putida mt-2, P. putida G7, and Pseudomonas sp. CF600, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.311-315
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• 2012

The increasing demand for Korean native chicken meat indicates that the discovery of haplotypes is very important from both economic and conservation points of view. In this study, mtDNA D-loop sequences from two crossbred Korean native chicken populations of 138 individuals were investigated. Twenty six nucleotide substitutions were identified from sequence analysis and were classified into 12 haplotypes. The haplotype H_8 represents 73.47% of Woorimatdag (chicken population) sequences, which were identified in all five Woorimatdag chicken populations investigated. The H_7 haplotype (Dhap1) for D population covers 45% sequences, which indicate maternal inheritance from black Korean native chicken. On the other hand, Chap3 and Chap4 for C population are specific haplotypes, as H_5 and H_2, respectively. Based on the network profiles, six SNPs (C199T, A239G, G242A, A291G, T330C and C391A) of the D-loop region are effective markers for discrimination between Woorimatdag and Hanhyup chicken populations. Also, the phylogenetic analyses of Woorimatdag and Hanhyup chicken populations were used to identify the genetic relationships among the haplotypes. The results presented here can be used for developing molecular markers to discriminate between two commercial Korean native chickens.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2002

We compared the complete mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences of Korean and European cobitids to provide independent evidence for assessment of systematic and biogeographic relationships of species in the genus Cobitis. The data suggested monophyly of the genus Cobitis and the inclusion of Korean Cobitis species within the group having one lamina circularis, a primitive condition. Also, all the phylogenetic analyses using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and neighbor joining methods showed a monophyletic relationship among Cobitis. The basal position of the Caspian C. cf. sibirica reported here reflects the eastern Asiatic origin cf. the European Cobitis and establishes C. cf. sibirica as an independent lineage. The Korean C. pacifica diverged next to C. cf. sibirica in basal group from the genus Cobitis. This result is in agreement with the hypothesized Asiatic origin of some European freshwater fish lineages. The phylogenetic relationships in this study showed a close affinity between C. zanadreai and C. sinensis. Two new species, C. tetralineata and C. pacifica in Korea also are closely related to monophyletic group clustering the type species of the Acanestrinia subgenus (C. elongata) with all the endemic Italian species (C. bilineata and C. zanandreai). This may suggest that the affinity between the Korean and Danubian-Italian imply genetic convergence or genetic plesiomorphic state between allopatric species that are separated for the Miocene. The mtDNA-based phylogeny for the species of the genus Cobitis from Kores and Europe permits phylogenetic assessment of the morphological transitions of Iamina circularis.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 2019

We presented detailed morphological descriptions of the eggs, larvae and juvenile of Acanthaphritis unoorum based on specimens collected with bongo nets from Korean waters during the period May 2017-July 2018. We collected 18 individuals including eggs (n= 4, 0.77-0.85 mm in egg diameter), preflexion larvae (n= 6, 4.11-6.31 mm in standard length, SL), flexion larvae (n= 4, 6.60-7.82 mm SL), postflexion larvae (n= 3, 8.94-13.46 mm SL), and one juvenile (n= 1, 14.67 mm SL). The mitochondrial (mt) DNA 16S rRNA sequences of the eggs, and the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences of the larvae were identical to those of A. unoorum adults (genetic distances <0.01). The A. unoorum larvae and the juvenile that we collected were morphologically similar to those of Dactylopsaron dimorphicum, but the A. unoorum specimens were readily distinguishable by the presence of lateral melanophores. This is the first record of A. unoorum in Korean waters. We propose a new Korean name for A. unoorum: "O-ri-bu-ri-nuntung-i".