• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.67-84
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• 1997

Bujeonghangamtang(扶正抗癌湯) has been used for cure of tumor as a traditional medicine without any experimental evidence to support the rational basis for its clinical use. This study was carried out to evaluate the possible therapeutic or antitumoral effects of Bujeonghangamtang extract against tumor, and to carry out some mechanisms responsible for its effect. Some kinds of tumor were induced by the typical application of 3-methylcholanthrene. (MCA) or by the implantation(s.c) of malignant tumor cells such as leukemia cells(3LL cells) or sarcoma cells(Sl80 cells). Treatment of the Bujeonghangamtang water-extract (dailly 1mg／mouse, i. p.) was continued for 7 days prior to tumor induction and after that the treatment was lasted for 20 days. Against squamous cell carcinoma induced by MCA, Bujeonghangamtang decreased not only the frequency of tumor production but also the number and the weight of tumors per tumor bearing mice (TBM). Bujeonghangamtang also significantly suppressed the development of 3LL cell and S180 cell-implanted tumors in occurrence-frequency and their size, and some developed tumors were regressed by the continuous treatment of Bujeonghangamtang extract into TBM. In vitro, treatment of Bujeonghangamtang extract had no effect on the growth of some kinds of cell line such as FsaII, A431 strain but significantly inhibited the proliferation of 3LL, S180 cells and augmented the DNA synthesis of mitogen-activated lymphocytes. Bujeonghangamtang also stimulated the migrative ability of leukocyte, the MIF and IL-2 production of T lymphocytes, but not IL 6 production of B cells. Bujeonghangamtang-administration to mice enhanced NK cells activities. These results demonstrated that Bujeonghangamtang extract exhibited a significant prophylactic benefits against tumors and its antitumor activity was manifested depending on the type of tumor cells. And these results also suggested that effect of Bujeonghangamtang might be chiefly due to nonspecific enhancement of NK cell activities and cell-mediated immune responses.

• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.91-100
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• 1996

Radiotherapy is an irreplaceable method of cancer treatment but, it has various side effects, especially damage to the hemopoietic system. A lot of radioprotectors have been found but they also have toxic effects. Many kinds of crude drugs(Oriental Chinese medicine)with low toxicity have been reported to promote the recovery from radiation damage. Recently, the trial to combine radiotherapy with herbal treatment of cancer patients shows a desirable result, an enhancement in recovery of the blood system.. This study was performed to determine whether prescriptions to support the healthy energy and strengthen the body resistence, Buzhongyiqi-tang and Siliu-tang, promote the recovery of splenocytes of N:GP(s) mice from radiation damage. We investigated the proliferative effect of Buzhongyiqi-tang, Siliu-tang and EIB(ethanol insoluble fraction of Buzhongyiqi-tang) on N:GP(S)mice splenocytes before or after ${\gamma}$-irradiation. We also investigated the morphology of splenocytes cultured with these herbs. Buzhongyiqi-tang and Siliu-tang promoted the proliferation of splenocytes in a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml compared with normal control(p<0.001). After 1-5Gy of ${\gamma}$-irradiation they also showed the effect of recovery of hemopoietic cells, especially in Buzhongyiqi-tang(4Gy:p<0.005; 5Gy:p<0.05). In addition, EIB(ethanol insoluble fraction of Buzhongyiqi-tang) showed the highest proliferative effect of all agents suggesting that more effective fractions could be found from crude herbs or prescriptions. These results suggest that it is possible to make use of Buzhongyiqi-tang, Siliu-tang or EIB as radio-protective agents.

• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.43-56
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• 1996

The sprig of Sojekbojungwhan(消積保中丸) has been used for curing as a traditional medicine without any experimental evidence to support the rational basis for their clinical use. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the possible therapeutic or antitumoral effects of Sojekbojungwhan extract against cancer, and to study some mechanisms responsible for its effect. The cytotoxic and antitumor effects were evaluated on human cell lines(A549, hep3B, Caki-1, Sarcoma 180) after esposure to Sojekbojungwhan extract using in ILS, colony forming efficiency and SRB assay which were regarded as a valuable method for cytotoxic and antitumor effects of unknown compound on tumor cell lines. The results obtained in this studies were as follows. 1. As a result of exposure to Sojekbojungwhan extract, the proliferation of A549, hep3B, Caki-1, good correlations were shown from the results of SRB assay and those of clogenetic assay. 2. The oral administration of Sojekbojungwhan extact showed significant effects of increase of MST(mean survival time) and ILS(increased life span) depending on the increasing concentration. 3. Against squamous cell carcinoma induced by MCA, Sojekbojungwhan decreased not only the frequency of tumor production but also the number and weight of tumors per tumor bearing mice(TBM). Sojekbojungwhan also significantly suppressed the development of 3LL cell-implanted tumors by frequency and their size, and some developed tumors were regressed by the continuous treatment of Sojekbojungwhan extract into TBM. 4. Sojekbojungwhan extract also increased NK cell activities. According to the above results, it could be suggested that Sojekbojungwhan extract has some antitumor effects.

• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.19-32
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• 1999

To evaluate the antitumor activity and antimetastatic effects of Kamigumgusingihwan(KGSH) studies have ken done. The results were obtained as follows: 1. KGSH extracts exhibited a weak cytotoxicity against A549, SK-OV-3, B16-F10, and SK-MEL-2 cell lines. But exhibited potent cytotoxicity against P388 cell line in a dose-dependent manner. 2. The concentration inhibiting adhesion of A549, to complex extracellular matrix up to below 30% of control was recognized at $10^{-3}g/ml$ of KGSH 3. KGSH extracts showed a weak inhibitoty effect on DNA topo-isomerase I from calf thymus. 4. The T/C% was 137% in KGSH treated group in S-180 bearing ICR mice. 5. In pulmonary colonization assay, a number of colonies in the lungs were decreased significantly in KGSH treated group as compared with control group. 6. In hematological changes in B16-BL6 injected C57BL/6, numbers of WBC were decreased insignificantly in KGSH treated groups, and also those of platelet were increased insignificantly in KGSH treated groups as compared with control. 7. In CAM assay, KGSH extracts inhibited angiogenesis at $15{\mu}g/egg $concentration significantly as compared with control. Taken together these results, it is strongly demonstrated that KGSH significantly suppressed tumor metastasis by blocking cell adhesion to extracellular matrix. Therefore, KGSH is expected to be clinically a potent antimetastatic drug for the prevention and treatment of cancer.

• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 2000

In this experiment, we examined the the effect of Laetrile Oil to the immune system and tried to disclose the anti-cancer mechanism of this. The result is listed as below. 1. After per-os, sub-cutaneous and into the peritoneal injection of Laetrile Oil to the SPF mice, the LD50 is above 5000mg/kg at even group. 2. Mean survival days of mice treated with laetril oil, after S-180 cells transplantation into the peritoneal cavity decreases 1.5 days(-6.8%) compared with the Mean survival days of the control group(22days.) 3. Effects of laetril oil on natural killer cell activity at Effector/Target Cell Ratio with 100:1, 50:1, 10:1 into methotrexate-pretreated mice is like this.: Compared with $29.22\pm12.7\%$ Cytotoxicity of the control group, sample group's Cytotoxicity had $38.83{\pm}12.5%$ of meaningful acrease. At 100:1 Effecr/Target Cell Ratio. At 50:1 Effector/Target Cell Ratio, control group has $20.02{\pm}9.6%$ Cytotoxiciy and sample group had $31.53{\pm}13.4%$ Cytotoxicity. At 25:1 Effector/Target Cell Ratio control group has $13.60{\pm}6.6%$ Cytotoxicity and sample group had $20.81{\pm}9.8%$ Cytotoxicity According to the above results, the Laetrile Oil represents nontotoxic to a SPF mice. non-effective to transplantable Sarcoma 180 tumors, and activaion in NK cell activity.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.561-569
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• 2021

Diabetic nephropathy is a major and representative complication of type 2 diabetes. Hyperglycemia increases the incidence of diabetic nephropathy, and induces kidney inflammation, thereby causing renal fibrosis, which is an important factor in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. This study investigated the effects of blackcurrant extract (BLC), which has been implicated in diabetic nephropathy in db/db mice, on glomerular fibrosis and renal dysfunction. The results showed that BLC consumption in type 2 diabetic db/db mice ameliorated diabetes-related metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance and renal dysfunction, and significantly attenuated renal inflammation and renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy. In conclusion, these findings suggest that BLC consumption may help prevent renal fibrosis, inflammation, and consequent diabetic nephropathy.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the emotional characteristics of the Sasang constitution with the Core Seven Emotions Inventory (CSEI) and Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Methods: A total of 224 participants were assessed with a Sasang Constitutional Analysis Tool (SCAT) for Sasang Constitution Diagnosis, and completed the Core Seven Emotions Inventory (CSEI) and Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Results: 1. From the results of the CSEI, Soeumin showed a significantly higher fear (恐) score than the Soyangin. 2. From the results of the TCI, Soeumin showed a significantly higher harm avoidance (HA) score than Taeeumin and Soyangin. Moreover, the Soyangin showed a significantly higher reward dependence (RD) score than Taeeumin and Soeumin. 3. In the correlation tests of the CSEI sub-scales, there was negative correlation between joy (喜) and other emotions, which are thoughts (思), depression (憂), sorrow (悲) and fear (恐). There were positive correlations between the emotions except joy (喜). 4. In the correlation tests of the TCI sub-scales, there was negative correlation between HA and persistence (P), and HA and SD. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between RD and cooperativeness (C) and between P and self-directedness (SD). 5. In the correlation tests of the TCI and CSEI, joy (喜) showed a negative correlation with HA and a positive correlation with P and with SD. Anger (怒) showed a negative correlation with C and other emotions except joy (喜) showed a negative correlation with RD. Conclusions: The differences of psychological characteristics in Sasang Constitution were shown with CSEI and TCI from this study.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.52-62
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• 2019

Objectives : The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Zingiberis Rhizoma Pharmacopuncture(ZP) at GB30 and ST36 in neuropathic pain induced SD rats by the block of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1(TRPV1). Methods : Neuropathic pain in rats was induced by tibial and common peroneal nerve transection of right leg. The rat subjects were divided into 6 groups : normal(Nor, n=5), control(Con, n=5), neuropathic pain plus 2 mg/kg ZP injection at GB30 and ST36(ZP-A, n=5), 10 mg/kg ZP(ZP-B, n=5), 20 mg/kg ZP(ZP-C, n=5) and 0.45 mg/kg Tramadol(Tra, n=5). Three days after the surgery, injections were administered once a day for 17 days. Withdrawal response of neuropathic rats' legs were measured by stimulating the paw of Right leg with von frey filament, acetone and radient heat on day 3, 7, 11, 15, 19 after surgery. After all treatments were completed, c-Fos in the midbrain central gray and TRPV1 & TRPA1 of DRG(L5) were analyzed. Results : Groups ZP-B and ZP-C showed a meaningful decrease in the withdrawal response of mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia and cold allodynia compared to the control group(p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001). Groups ZP-B and ZP-C showed a meaningful decrease in the expression of c-fos and TRPV1 protein level compared to the control group(p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001). Conclusions : These results suggest that Zingiberis Rhizoma Pharmacopuncture at GB30 and ST36 could decrease mechanical & cold allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia by block the TRPV1 on the model of neuropathic pain.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.133-139
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• 2021

Objectives : Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease caused by a decrease in the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. The abnormal expression of solute carrier family 6 member 4 (Slc6a4) has been reported in patients with Parkinson's disease. Methods : In this study, we used MPTP to examine the changes in the expression of Slc6a4 in the brain of mice with Parkinson's disease and investigate its effect on dopaminergic neuronal cell death. Results : In the examination of the Slc6a4 expression in the substantia nigra of MPTP-treated mice for 4 weeks. The gene expression was increased compared to the normal group. To investigate the relationship between Slc6a4 and dopaminergic neurons, we performed a study using siRNA of Slc6a4 in the dopaminergic neuronal cell line SH-SY5Y. Using the siRNA of Slc6a4 to evaluate gene expression, it revealed that the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression increases when Slc6a4 decreases. Moreover, this confirms its effects on the dopaminergic neurons. Additionally, through the evaluation of factors related to apoptosis, in particular, it was established that the value of bax/bcl2 decreased and was affected. These results suggest that a decreased Slc6a4 expression induces an increase in TH expression, providing a mechanism of action for dopaminergic neurons regulated by Slc6a4 expression. Conclusions : Slc6a4 is deemed to be involved in the regulation of dopaminergic neurons, suggesting that an increased Slc6a4 expression induced by MPTP may influence a reduction of dopaminergic neurons.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.411-416
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• 2022

Natural products are important sources for drug development because they have a wide variety of useful biological properties. Angelica gigas Nakai (AGN) has been used as an herbal medicine for treatment of colds, pain, and anemia. The present study was designed to evaluate the regulatory effect of AGN on immune enhancement in vivo and in vitro. To investigate the immune-enhancing effect of AGN, we used forced swimming test (FST) experimental model. Mice were orally administered by AGN or distilled water for 14 days and then immobility time and biological parameters in serum were measured. The results showed that immobility time in AGN treatment group was significantly reduced in comparison with the control group. Plasma levels of blood urea nitrogen and lactate dehydrogenase in AGN group was significantly decreased compared with control group. Additionally, we showed that AGN treatment significantly increased immune-related cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-2, and interferon (IFN)-𝛾 levels in Molt-4 cells. Collectively, the findings provide experimental evidence that AGN may be effective in improving immune function.