• 대한지리학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.601-615
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• 2007

일본의 노동시장으로부터의 배제와 차별은 많은 재일한인들로 하여금 민족적 네트워크와 종족자본을 이용한 자영업에 종사하게 하였다. 본 연구는 재일한인 중소규모 자영업자의 직업과 민족 간의 유대관계가 시대와 세대의 변화에 따라 어떻게 변화하는가를 파악하는데 그 목적이 있다. 민족 간의 유대관계를 파악하기 위한 방법으로서 본 고에서는 재일한인 자영업자의 종족자원에 대한의존도를 시기별로 분석했다. 재일한인의 경우, 일본으로의 이주 초기에는 주로 노동자 계층이 많았으나 점차 전문직종사자와 자영업자가 증가하였다. 이러한 변화에는 시대적인 흐름과 함께 재일한인의 세대교체와 학력신장이라는 요소가 작용하였지만, 그러한 요소가 작용할 수 있도록 재일한인에 관한 일본인 및 일본사회의 인식, 그리고 재일한인을 비롯한 재외국인에 대한 정책이 변화해가고 있음을 의미하기도 한다. 그런데, 종족자원의 이용 측면에서 볼 때, 자영업 종사자가 증가하기 시작하는 초기단계에는 민족 금융기관의 이용이나 기업간의 거래, 종업원 고용에 이르기까지 종족자원에 대한 의존도가 강하였고, 주요 고객 역시 같은 민족을 대상으로 한 업종이 많았다. 하지만 점차 재일한인의 직업구조가 다양화되기 시작하면서 그러한 종족자원에 대한 의존도도 역시 다양화되어 갔다. 민족 간의 유대관계의 유지 혹은 배제는 그들을 둘러싼 사회 및 경제구조에 따라서 좌우되고, 그 결과는 다시 재일한인과 일본인과의 관계를 좌우한다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.45-64
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• 2016

In order to understand Korean American immigrants'adjustment to American society, it is important to understand how their life rituals and ethnic identities maintain or change over time and across immigration generations. To achieve this goal, this study examined how Korean Americans who resided in the New York City metropolitan area and New Jersey State performed life rituals and formed ethnic identities. A total of 18 Korean immigrants participated in one-on-one in-depth interviews and the interview data were analyzed with the themes. The results showed that Korean Americans performed life rituals integrating both Korean and American cultural aspects. Many Korean Americans attempted to perform life rituals based on American cultural holidays and procedures. However, a majority of these Koreans also strived to maintain Korean ethnic identities and also practice traditionally Korean life rituals as a way to preserve this ethnic identity. These findings suggest that across time and generation, Korean Americans prefer to maintain their Korean cultural identity, while not shunning the adoption of typical "American" rituals. The way that Korean Americans practice and develop identities differs very little across immigration generation. These findings provide insight on how the Korean government may support foreigners and immigrant families in South Korea and Korean Americans' acculturation processes in the U.S.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.33-44
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to research Miao ethnic costume which have been distinctly expressed differences according tribes and areas, present fashion design reflecting image of Miao ethnic costume. Two steps was taken in order to achive this purpose. The first step was to put in order formative characteristics of Miao ethnic costume being based on the Chinese books and domestic research materials. The second step was to study formative characteristics of Miao ethnic costume in comparison 2000A/W fashion trend, illustrate and schematize fashion designs. The results of formative characteristics of Miao ethnic costume are summarized as follows 1. X or H silhouette through skirt & jacket and pants & jacket. 2. Layered look that been twisted around several items. 3. Fine pleats skirts. 4. Refined and splendid color. Black was used main color, dark blue & red purple were used coordi color, vivid color were used accent color 5. Geometrical pattern, cross stitch embroidery. 6. Various ornaments being used silver. 7. Various hair styles and hairdressers. Using above characteristics, this study presneted fusion fashion design combined images of ethnic and techno with dark blue, mustard, blue purple. The target was Forties, professional woman.

• 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.403-411
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 재한 중국동포의 한국에서의 민족 정체성의 변화과정에 대해서 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 한국에 거주하는 중국동포 12명에 대한 심층인터뷰를 통해 그들이 한국에 거주하면서 민족 정체성이 어떻게 변화되었는지를 고찰하고자 하였다. 연구결과 재한 중국동포들의 민족 정체성은 그들의 문화적응과정과 밀접한 연관이 있었으며 3단계의 변화과정을 보여주었다. 첫째, 한국에 입국한 초창기의 중국동포들은 고국에 대한 기대와 설렘에서 한국생활을 시작한다. 둘째, 중국동포들은 주류사회와의 부딪침 속에서 민족정체성의 위기를 맞이하여 중국 조선족으로 회귀한다. 셋째, 지금 재한 중국동포의 민족정체성은 재조정기로 일부는 한국인, 일부는 중국조선족, 일부는 한국인도 중국인도 아닌 제3의 정체성을 지니고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 본 연구결과를 통해 재한 중국동포들의 한국문화 적응과정 중의 민족정체성의 변화를 살펴볼 수 있었다. 그들의 건강한 민족정체성은 한국사회의 사회통합에도 큰 영향을 미친다. 이를 위해서는 한국 주류사회와 중국동포들이 함께 노력해야 할 필요성을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.301-307
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• 2016

Objectives: This study investigated the association between perceived ethnic discrimination and depressive symptoms among biethnic adolescents in South Korea. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of 4141 biethnic adolescents using data from the 2012 National Survey of Multicultural Families. Perceived ethnic discrimination was measured using the question "Have you ever been discriminated against or ignored because either of your parents is not a Korean?" with an assessment of depressive symptoms over the past 12 months. Logistic regression was applied to examine potential associations between perceived ethnic discrimination and depressive symptoms. Results: Among 4141 biethnic adolescents, 558 (13.5%) reported having experienced ethnic discrimination. The most common discriminatory perpetrators were friends (n=241, 5.8%), followed by strangers (n=67, 1.6%). Depressive symptoms were related to experience of ethnic discrimination (odds ratio [OR], 3.80; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.89 to 4.98) after adjusting for potential confounders. In an analysis focusing on the perpetrators of discrimination, depressive symptoms were found to be associated with perceived ethnic discrimination from friends (OR, 3.95; 95% CI, 2.75 to 5.68), teachers (OR, 4.53; 95% CI, 2.16 to 9.51), family members and relatives (OR, 3.89; 95% CI, 1.59 to 9.48), neighbors (OR, 2.48; 95% CI, 1.14 to 5.38), and strangers (OR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.30 to 4.79). Furthermore, the OR for depressive symptoms among those exposed to 1, 2, or 3 or more discriminatory perpetrators were 3.61 (95% CI, 2.49 to 5.24), 3.61 (95% CI, 1.68 to 7.74), and 6.69 (95% CI, 2.94 to 15.22), respectively. Conclusions: According to our findings, friends were the most common perpetrators of discrimination and the experience of ethnic discrimination was associated with depressive symptoms among biethnic adolescents in South Korea.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.1054-1065
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• 2006

This study aims to provide basic data conducive to developing popular and international products by analyzing the mechanism, factors and design of ethnic sports fashion incorporating ethnicity and sports sense that may satisfy the physical and psychological needs of modern humans who tend to seek 'well- being'. The methodology includes literature reviews and positivist study, and visual materials include domestic and foreign fashion magazines, newspapers, fashion journals, ad photos, collection photos, and internet that cover colors, materials, detailed sports fashion design that are considered to have an ethnic image. Its scope is limited to the period from 2000 through 2005 S/S. The results of study are as follows: First, sports fashions through incorporation of sports emotion and fashion, mixes and matches existing formal wear, casual wear, or leisure wear with sportswear, or introduces and utilizes materials, details, accessories, or image from sportswear. Second, 1) from the changes by year in sports fashion, ethnic images were strongly expressed by the influence of naturalism in the early 1990s, and functional sports fashion has been fused with ethnic image with functionalism becoming stronger and wellbeing trend expanding from the mid 1990s through 2000s. 2) The cause of ethnic image in sports fashion included hybrid, multi-culturalism, and naturalism. Third, the ethnic images revealed in the sports fashion designs of Prada, Louis Vuitton, Gucci, and Y3 are simple and unique based on functionality and activism.

• 복식
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.14-25
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• 2009

This Study is purposed to comparative analysis in the case of balanced with Ethnic image fashion and the event of an unbalanced between fashion and make-up and to reconfigure on the make-up of the features on the Ethnic image Fashion in the 21st century. The result of this study is as follows. First, in the case of Japanese ethnic image make-up, to emphasize applied forms and formative characterization, they generally use circles and horizontal lines. Also the harmony between Japanese image make-up and primary colors like white and red strengthen ethnic images better. In the event of an unbalance between fashion and image make-up, fashion occurs dynamically in Africa and linearly in China. Sexy & natural image make-up also widely appear in the modern view. Second, in the case of African ethnic make-up balanced with African image fashion, the form is repeatedly dotted, widely water-colored, and mattedly textured using ash make-up colors such as white, red, gold, gray and so forth. African image make-up strongly expresses primitive natural beauty adding primal tribal painting art and mask forms. In case of an unbalance between fashion and image make-up, no distinctive ethnic image make-up appears. To emphasize natural patterns as well as splendid & decorative fashion, they try not to use primary colors, but instead focus on natural make-up and monotone colored point make-up, sexy make-up, avant-garde make-up, goth make-up, romantic make-up, glossy make-up.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.540-556
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 대구시 달서구 미곡동이라는 대도시의 일각에서 나타나는 세계화의 단면을 외국인 노동자들의 밀집거주지역에서 형성되는 에스닉 커뮤니티를 통하여 분석하고 있다. 선행연구에서 제시하는 바와 같이, 에스닉 커뮤니티는 문화와 자본, 에스닉 네트워크의 결절점으로서의 역할을 담당함으로서 에스닉 구성원들에게 있어서는 '우리라는 의식'을 공유하는 상징적인 공간으로서의 존재가 된다. 그리고 그러한 공간을 통하여 구성원간의 만남과 정보의 교환이 이루어지게 되며, 사회적 네트워크는 국경을 초월하여 모국이나 제3국까지 확산되어간다. 이곡동에서는 에스닉 상점이 커뮤니티의 중심적인 역할을 담당하여 구성원들이 하나의 공동체로서 자신들의 네트워크를 확산시켜나갈 수 있도록 하고 있었다. 하지만 그러한 네트워크는 자신들의 에스닉 집단에만 지나치게 초점이 맞추어져 있었기 때문에 아직까지도 외국인들과 지역주민과의 공감대는 형성되지 않고 있었다. 외국인노동자는 앞으로도 더욱 증가하게 될 것이며, 연구지역에서의 에스닉 커뮤니티화도 더욱 급속하게 진행될 것이라 예상되는 가운데 보다 공생이 가능한 다민족사회의 실현을 위한 방안이 검토되지 않으면 안 된다.

• 복식
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• 제30권
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• pp.153-166
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• 1996

The purpose of this paper is to examine the Ethnic Fashion which is influenced by the Anti-Fashion in 1960s. Anti-Fashion as Hippie style had an effect on high fashion in the 60s-70s and which was restored in the early 90s are ethnic and folk-lore style. The influence that the Anti-Fashion has had on the Ethnic Fashion is summarized as follows. At the Ethnic Fashion in 60s-70s: First Europian romantic style that is velvet doublet breecheese race cuffs ruffle flounce race jabbot embrioderd blouse frilled blouse Victorian mode and Pre-Raphaello style. Second handicraft ornaments style & peasant style what are embroidery weaving variaty ornaments tie-dye patch work smocking beads & bell paisely print peasant blouse dundle skirt long skirt to clinging layered look floral print dress and shepherd-ness style. Third folklore style that is Oriental mao-suit harem pants & Indian pants caftan monk robe Afgan vest burnoos dhoti pants Hindu robe Red Indian fringe head band feather ornaments Red indian embroidery & weaving body painting gaucho poncho and serapi. At the Ethnic Fashion in 90s.: First Europian classical romantic style that is Victorian style Pre-Raphaello style ruffle & race decorations and velvet materials. Second peasant look& handicraft orna-ments what are floral print long skirt to cling-ing uneven stitches top stitchings patch work embroidery crochet and tie-dye. Third folklore style that is Red Indian style South East mode is sarong skirt & Nheru jacket Tibet & Mongolian style South America style and gypso style.

• 복식
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.145-157
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• 2008

Vivienne Tam was born in mainland China and educated in Hong Kong and has worked mainly in New York. Within multi-cultural background, she has shown unique fashion designs where western styles and China esprit were harmonized.. This study analyzed the ethnic look featured on Vivienne Tam's design to identify how she has expressed her ethnic identity into fashion. Photos featuring ethnic appeal among her New York collection from 1996 S/S to 2005 F/W were analyzed in terms of shape/silhouette, color, fabric, motifs, detail and accessaries. She utilized frequently chinese motifs and patterns such as bamboo, panda, budha, flowers, letters, and masks. Secondly she modified the shapes of Chinese traditional costume like Quipao to render ethnic appeal. Color, fabric and detail like frog and embroidery also contributed to enhance China mood. Comparatively, she used western clothing items including shirts, blouses, skirts, pants, dresses, and coats and maintained the silhouette tight and fit so that most her designs look wearable and westernized.