• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제56호
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• pp.185-194
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• 2005

In this paper, we present POSSDM (POSTECH Situation-Based Dialogue Manager) for a spoken dialogue system using a new example and situation-based dialogue management technique for effective generation of appropriate system responses. Spoken dialogue system should generate cooperative responses to smoothly control dialogue flow with the users. We introduce a new dialogue management technique incorporating dialogue examples and situation-based rules for EPG (Electronic Program Guide) domain. For the system response inference, we automatically construct and index a dialogue example database from dialogue corpus, and the best dialogue example is retrieved for a proper system response with the query from a dialogue situation including a current user utterance, dialogue act, and discourse history. When dialogue corpus is not enough to cover the domain, we also apply manually constructed situation-based rules mainly for meta-level dialogue management.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2005년도 추계 학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.113-115
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• 2005

In this paper, we present POSSDM (POSTECH Situation-Based Dialogue Manager) for a spoken dialogue system using a new example and situation-based dialogue management techniques for effective generation of appropriate system responses. Spoken dialogue system should generate cooperative responses to smoothly control dialogue flow with the users. We introduce a new dialogue management technique incorporating dialogue examples and situation-based rules for EPG (Electronic Program Guide) domain. For the system response inference, we automatically construct and index a dialogue example database from dialogue corpus, and the best dialogue example is retrieved for a proper system response with the query from a dialogue situation including a current user utterance, dialogue act, and discourse history. When dialogue corpus is not enough to cover the domain, we also apply manually constructed situation-based rules mainly for meta-level dialogue management.

• 인지과학
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.27-34
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• 1999

이 연구의 목적은 대화행위 개념을 이용하여 독일어 일정협의 대화에서 나타나는 대화의 일반적인 흐름을 밝히는 데에 있다. 이 연구의 기본가정은 대화행위 개념의 도입이 자동번역시스템의 성능향상에 기여한다는 것이다. 그 이유는 통사적인 분석이나 의미적인 분석이 해결하지 못하는 문제들을, 문맥지식을 활용하여 해결하는 데에 있어 대화행위개념이 매우 유용하기 때문이다. 이 대화행위 개념의 하위분류작업은 독일에서 수행되고 있는 VERBMOBIL 프로젝트에서 이루어진 것이다. 본 연구에서는 전문가들에 의해 전사된 실제 대화 자료들을 대화행위의 개념을 활용하여 분석하고, 하나의 대화차례 안에서 발생하는 대화행위들의 연쇄와 각각의 대화차례 사이에서 발생하는 대화행위 연쇄를 조사했다. 여기서 분석대상으로 삼은 전사자료가 다른 연구에서 제시된 전사 자료와는 다소 차이를 보였기 때문에, 본 연구에서는 연쇄 개념을 대화차례사이에 뿐만 아니라 하나의 대화차례 내부까지 적용시켰다. 그리고 대화행위들간의 연쇄관계를 조사함으로써‘일정협의 대화’의 대화 흐름 도를 도출하였다. 이 대화 흐름 도는 통계분석 절차를 통해 가장 빈도수가 높게나온 대화행위 연쇄들을 토대로 만들어진 모형이기 때문에, 일상적인‘일정협의 대화’에 대한 대표성을 갖는다고 볼 수 있다.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제9B권6호
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• pp.817-826
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• 2002

한국어대화에서는 존대현상(honorification phenomenon)이 일어나기도 하고, 존대대명사(honorific pronoun)가 사용되기도 하며, 맥락상 되찾을 수 있으면 주어나 목적어가 완전히 생략되기도 한다. 이러한 특징적인 언어현상이 일어나는 한국어대화를 처리하고 그것의 표상구조를 만들기 위해서 대화참석자에 관한 정보, 발화문의 화행에 관한 정보. 대화에 관련된 사람들의 사회적 지위에 있어서의 상대적 순위에 관한 정보, 대화에 나타나는 발화문 사이의 정보흐름 등을 묵시적으로가 아니라 명시적으로 표시하고 이용할 것을 본 논문은 제안한다. 또한. 본 논문은 이러한 상황정보(situational information)를 표시하고 이용하는 방법과 한국어대화의 적절한 표상구조를 제시한다. 본 논문에서 한국어대화표상구조의 설정은 담화표상이론(Discourse Representation Theory)과 분할담화표상이론(Segmented Discourse Representation Theory)을 수정ㆍ확대하여 이루어진다. 나아가서, 본 논문은 한국어대화를 전산적으로 어떻게 처리하고 그것의 표상구조를 구축하는지를 프롤로그 프로그래밍 언어를 사용하여 보여주고 나서, 그러한 표상구조의 타당성을 알아보기 위해 자연발생적 한국어대화에도 적용시켜 본다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2008

인간은 다른 사람과 대화할 때, 시행착오 과정을 거치면서 상대방에 관한 학습이 일어난다. 본 논문에서는 이런 과정의 강화학습법(Reinforcement Learning)을 이용하여 대화시스템에 적응형 능력의 부여 방법을 제안한다. 적응형 대화 전략이란 대화시스템이 사용자의 대화 처리 습성을 학습하고, 사용자 만족도와 효율성을 높이는 것을 말한다. 강화 학습법을 효율적으로 대화처리 시스템에 적용하기 위하여 대화를 주 대화와 부대화로 나누어 정의하고 사용하였다. 주 대화에서는 전체적인 만족도를, 부 대화에서는 완료 여부, 완료시간, 에러 횟수를 이용해서 시스템의 효율성을 측정하였다. 또한 학습 과정에서의 사용자 편의성을 위하여 시스템 사용 역량에 따라 사용자를 두 그룹으로 분류한 후 해당 그룹의 강화 학습 훈련 정책을 적용하였다. 실험에서는 개인별, 그룹별 강화 학습에 따라 제안한 방법의 성능을 평가하였다.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.291-315
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• 2010

The present study examined the role of dialogue journaling in Korean students' English writing development. Thirteen Korean middle school students participated in a five-week dialogue journal writing program. The participants' English writing skills before and after their dialogue journaling were compared in terms of holistic and analytical scores of their English essays. The study also examined the changes in the participants' language use, as manifested in their dialogue journals. The results indicated the positive influence of dialogue journal writing on the participants' English writing skills in the areas of content and lexical fluency. As for the linguistic evidence that related dialogue journaling to English writing development, the three patterns of change in language use emerged from the participants' dialogue journals: a) raised awareness on grammar conventions, b) raised awareness on discourse conventions, and c) increased depth and richness in idea development. There were also three unhelpful factors associated with little improvement of English writing: a) lack in basic writing skills, b) repetitive use of identical sentence patterns, and c) lack in grammatical and lexical awareness. Overall, the results suggested that dialogue journaling could facilitate Korean students' English writing development when it creates authentic communicative interactions between the teacher and students.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제43호
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• pp.11-23
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• 2002

In this paper, speech style is divided into two - read speech and dialogue. In the experiment, read speech and dialogue use the same sentence to control discrepancy from different sentence. While the number of AP in read speech is less than in dialogue, the number of IP in read speech is more than in dialogue. The number of syllables which consist of AP is more various in dialogue. Intonational patterns of the first AP in IP make a difference. In dialogue, there is a pattern which has many high tones - LHH. The FO range in dialogue is wider than in read speech.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1202-1206
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• 2004

In the future, a machine-tool will be more improved in the form of a knowledge evolution based device. In order to develop the knowledge evolution based machine-tool, this paper proposes the structure of knowledge evolution and the scheme of a dialogue agent among agent-based modules such as a sensory module, a dialogue module, and an expert system. The dialogue agent has a role of interfacing with another machine for cooperation. To design of the dialogue agent module in M2M(Machine To Machine) environment, FIPA-OS and ping agent based on FIPA-OS are analyzed in this study. Through this, it is expected that the dialogue agent module can be more efficiently designed and the knowledge evolution based machine-tool can be hereafter more easily implemented.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제68권
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• pp.75-93
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• 2008

An example-based dialogue system tries to utilize many pairs which are stored in a dialogue database. The most important part of the example-based dialogue system is to find the most similar utterance to user's input utterance. Modality, which is characterized as conveying the speaker's involvement in the propositional content of a given utterance, is one of the core sentence features. For example, the sentence "I want to go to school." has a modality of hope. In this paper, we have proposed a modality classification system which can predict sentence modality in order to improve the performance of example-based dialogue systems. We also define a modality tag set for a dialogue system, and validate this tag set using a rule-based modality classification system. Experimental results show that our modality tag set and modality classification system improve the performance of an example-based dialogue system.

• 한국어교육
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.73-100
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate learner-learner dialogue during speaking tasks. In the Korean language classroom, conversation between learners is an important activity as speaking practice. However, learner dialogue is also a tool to enable learners to collaboratively conduct various cognitive activities in the classroom. In previous research, it was unfolded that through learner-learner dialogue, learners can solve second-language related problems and set a goal to carry out tasks. Therefore, this study analyzed learner-learner dialogue to investigate what kinds of cognitive activities are activated during the role-play task. As a result, the learners collaboratively generated and monitored language and content for role play. Also, in order to accomplish tasks more successfully, learners shared the same understanding about the goal of the task, and tried to manage the task procedure. Through learner-learner dialogue, learners can participate in cognitive activities such as content, language construction, and task management voluntarily without the help from teachers. This means that learner-learner dialogue can be an activity to support language learning tasks. Also, it can make learners actively involved in learning and by sharing resources with each other. It is also important that learners can experience language use that participates in real-world communication activities, such as learning in the classroom and collaborating with peer learners. This study is an exploratory study for a basic understanding of learner's conversation as a cognitive activity, and the scope of the study is limited to clarifying contents of learner-learner dialogue as a cognitive activity in speaking tasks. Based on the findings of this study, future research should be conducted on the function of learner-learner dialogue as a cognitive activity in Korean language learning and its role in the classroom of Korean language education.