• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.325-333
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• 2016

Background: Ginseng extracts are known to have angiogenic effects. However, to date, only limited information is available on the molecular mechanism underlying the angiogenic effects and the main components of ginseng that exert these effects. Human umbilical-vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) are used as an in vitro model for screening therapeutic agents that promote angiogenesis and wound healing. We recently isolated gintonin, a novel ginseng-derived lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor ligand, from ginseng. LPA plays a key role in angiogenesis and wound healing. Methods: In the present study, we investigated the in vitro effects of gintonin on proliferation, migration, and tube formation of HUVECs, which express endogenous LPA1/3 receptors. Results: Gintonin stimulated proliferation and migration of HUVECs. The LPA1/3 receptor antagonist, Ki16425, short interfering RNA against LPA1 or LPA3 receptor, and the Rho kinase inhibitor, Y-27632, significantly decreased the gintonin-induced proliferation, migration, and tube formation of HUVECs, which indicates the involvement of LPA receptors and Rho kinase activation. Further, gintonin increased the release of vascular endothelial growth factors from HUVECs. The cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor NS-398, nuclear factor kappa B inhibitor BAY11-7085, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor SP600125 blocked the gintonin-induced migration, which shows the involvement of cyclooxygenase-2, nuclear factor kappa B, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling. Conclusion: The gintonin-mediated proliferation, migration, and vascular-endothelial-growth-factor release in HUVECs via LPA-receptor activation may be one of in vitro mechanisms underlying ginsenginduced angiogenic and wound-healing effects.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.269-275
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• 2015

Collagen peptides, which are found at high concentrations in the human body, are present in animal bones and the skin of marine organisms, namely, fish scales. Collagen is the most abundant structural protein of various connective tissues in animals. Furthermore, it is widely used in biomedical material, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, and leather industries. Peptides extracted from scales of various fish protect against ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin damage and photo-aging. However, the protective effects of collagen peptides derived from the scales of Branchiostegus japonicus against UVB exposure are unclear. This study investigated the effects of peptides larger than 1 kDa (high-molecular weight peptides [HMP]) and smaller than 1 kDa (low-molecular weight peptides [LMP]), derived from extracts of B. japonicus scales, against UVB-induced skin damage and photo-aging. These peptides scavenged 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals in a dose-dependent manner. In UVB-exposed HaCaT human keratinocytes, LMP inhibited 8-isoprostane generation, a marker of cellular lipid peroxidation. The peptides also suppressed the UVB-induced increase in tyrosinase activity and melanin content in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells. In addition, the LMP and HMP treatment suppressed UVB-induced elastase and matrix metalloproteinase-1 activities in the HaCaT cells. These results indicate that peptides derived from B. japonicus scales have antioxidant, antiphoto-aging, and skin-whitening effects.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.430-434
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• 2017

Essential oils are fragrant oils extracted from the leaves, stems, peels, petals and roots of aromatic plants cultivated by natural means or using organic agricultural techniques. Essential oils have commonly been used as antibacterial and antifungal agents. In the present study, essential oil was extracted from lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum [Raf.] Shinn.) and tested for antifungal activities against three eumycetes (Penicillium pinophilum, Chaetomium glogosum and Aspergillus niger). Lisianthus essential oil showed high antifungal activities against three eumycetes, especially against Aspergillus niger, for which the resulting minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 0.005 mg/ml. In addition, the extracted essential oil was shown to have antimicrobial activity against ten intestinal pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis and Vibrio parahaemolyticus) according to the disc diffusion method and was also shown to exhibit strong antibacterial activity against an additional three pathogenic bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Listeria monocytogenes and Vibrio parahaemolyticus). These results indicate that lisianthus essential oil could be used as an antibiotic against harmful bacteria that produce intestinal illnesses. From the present study, we suggest that lisianthus extracts can be utilized as potential antifungal and antibacterial agents and for the development of pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.493-500
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• 2013

Gelatin is a collagen-containing thermohydrolytic substance commonly incorporated in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. This study investigated the antioxidant activity of gelatin by using different reagents, such as 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-di (4-tert-octylphenyl)-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity-fluorescein (ORAC-FL) in a porcine gelatin hydrolysate obtained using gastrointestinal enzymes. Electrophoretic analysis of the gelatin hydrolysis products showed extensive degradation by pepsin and pancreatin, resulting in an increase in the peptide concentration (12.1 mg/mL). Antioxidant activity, as measured by ABTS, exhibited the highest values after 48-h incubation with pancreatin treatment after pepsin digestion. Similar effects were observed at 48 h incubation, that is, 61.5% for the DPPH assay and 69.3% for the ABTS assay. However, the gallic acid equivalent (GE) at 48 h was $87.8{\mu}M$, whereas $14.5{\mu}M$ GE was obtained using the ABTS and DPPH assays, indicating about sixfold increase. In the ORACFL assay, antioxidant activity corresponding to $45.7{\mu}M$ of trolox equivalent was found in the gelatin hydrolysate after 24 h hydrolysis with pancreatin treatment after pepsin digestion, whereas this activity decreased at 48 h. These antioxidant assay results showed that digestion of gelatin by gastrointestinal enzymes prevents oxidative damage.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.434-441
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• 2010

The Plants and their extracts containing polyphenol have been shown to be associated with decreased the cause of aging and variety of disease such as reaction oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in several recent studies. We conducted to investigate whether the extracts and fractionation isolated from Aster glehni Fr. Schm. has an inhibitory effect association with oxidation or inflammation. The Aster glehni Fr. Schm. 70% aq. MeOH was fractioned according to polarity with n-hexane layer, EtOAc layer, n-BuOH layer and water layer. The electron donating ability of EtOAc, n-BuOH solvent fraction from Aster glehni Fr. Schm. was about 58.0%, 46.4% at $50\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The superoxide anion radical inhibitory effect of EtOAc extracts was about 64.65% at $50\;{\mu}g/mL$, and n-BuOH extracts was 35.66% at $50\;{\mu}g/mL$. EtOAc layer to the inhibition activity of hyaluronidase and lipoxygenase were inhibited about 24.37%, 29.5% at $5\;{\mu}g/mL$. In the anti-inflammation effect of EtOAc layer inhibited the generation of nitric oxide. also, these results showed that EtOAc extract inhibited 81.5% at $50\;{\mu}g/mL$ on the expressions of iNOS protein in Raw264.7 cell line.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.604-614
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• 2020

Chronological aging and photoaging affect appearance, causing wrinkles, pigmentation, texture changes, and loss of elasticity in the skin. Phragmites communis is a tall perennial herb used for its high nutritional value and for medicinal purposes, such as relief from fever and vomiting and facilitation of diuresis. In this study, we investigated the effects of ethanol extract of P. communis rhizome (PCE) on skin aging. The total flavonoid and total phenolic content in PCE were 2.92 ± 0.007 ㎍ of quercetin equivalents (QE) and 231.8 ± 0.001 ㎍ of gallic acid equivalents (GAE) per 100 mg of dried extract (n = 3). The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of PCE for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities were 0.96 and 0.97 mg/mL, respectively. PCE showed inhibitory effects on tyrosinase when L-tyrosine (IC50 = 1.25 mg/mL) and L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (IC50 = 0.92 mg/mL) were used as substrates. PCE treatment up to 200 ㎍/mL for 24 h did not cause any significant cytotoxicity in B16F10 melanocytes, human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs), and HaCaT keratinocytes. In B16F10 melanocytes, PCE (25 and 50 ㎍ /mL) inhibited melanin production and cellular tyrosinase activity after challenge with α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH; p < 0.05). In HDFs, PCE suppressed the mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and reduced the activity of elastase (p < 0.05). In addition, ultraviolet B (UVB)-mediated downregulation of hyaluronic acid synthase-2 gene expression in HaCaT keratinocytes was also effectively suppressed by PCE treatment. Overall, our results showed that PCE has potential anti-skin aging activity associated with the suppression of hyperpigmentation, wrinkle formation, and reduction in dryness. PCE is a promising candidate for the development of an anti-skin aging cosmetic ingredient.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.67-74
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• 2008

The usefulness of totally implantable central venous port for long-term intravenous infusion is widely accepted in children. Usually the catheters are placed through the internal or external jugular vein. In case of jugular vein cut-down, two separate incisions are needed for catheter and port respectively. Patients also feel uncomfortable as the catheter run through the neck. However these disadvantages can be overcome by using the cephalic vein (CV). We reviewed our experiences on CV cut-down for totally implantable central venous port in children. From January 2002 to December 2006, 201 patients (M:F=127:74) underwent 218 central venous port insertions. Mean age at operation was 5.9 years (2 months - 19 years). Indications included chemotherapy (N=167), long-term intravenous antibiotics infusion (N=36), and total parenteral nutrition (N=15). CV was selected preferentially. The incision includes the deltopectoral triangle laterally, and both the CV cut-down and port insertion were achieved with a single incision. The number of insertion through external, internal jugular vein, and CV was 77, 66 and 75, respectively. The median age, height and body weight were higher in CV cut-down group. The youngest age for CV cut-down was 8 months, the shortest height was 69 cm and the smallest body weight was 5.9 kg. Of 118 trials of CV cut-down, cut-down was successful in 75 cases (63.6 %). CV was absent in 10 cases(8.4 %) and CV was sacrificed after catheter tip malposition in 10 cases (8.4 %). There was only one complication, in which the catheter was inserted into the minute branch of subclavian artery. The CV cut-down method for totally implantable central venous port was safe and feasible in selected groups of patients in children. In addition, preservation of jugular vein and a more favorable cosmetic effect are other benefits of CV cut-down.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.414-419
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• 1999

Silicone fluid(polydimethylsiloxane) is widely used in breast augmentation and other cosmetic procedures because of little incidence of complications and low mortality rate. However, local reaction following silicone injections can be occurred sometimes leading to serious complications. Especially, illicit silicone injections have resulted in severe reactions within the pulmonary area, and some have resulted in acute respiratory distress syndrome subsequently. We experienced a case of acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by subcutaneous injections of silicone at vaginal wall. The patients was 39-year-old, previously healthy woman who had complained of dyspnea related to silicone injection at vaginal wall. Chest X-ray and chest CT scan show diffuse air consolidation with ground glass opacities and perfusion lung scan revealed likelihood of pulmonary embolism as showing multiple perfusion defects. We report a case of acute respiratory distress syndrome occured after silicone injection with review of literature.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.103-109
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• 2005

In spite of the ongoing advances, standard therapies for oral cancer still has some limitations in efficacy and in ability to prolong survival rate of advanced disease and result in significant functional defect and severe cosmetic deformity. Currently gene therapy using tumor suppressor gene is considered as a potent candidate for new therapeutic approaches that can improve efficacy and reduce complications. The purpose of this research is to identify the role of adenoviral vector to transfer HCCS-1 tumor suppressor gene in oral cancer cells and to find out whether there is a possibility for it to serve in the field of gene therapy. The human SCC-25 cell line was used for transfection. To determine the efficiency of the adenovirus as a gene delivery vector cell line was transduced with LacZ gene and analysed with X-gal staining. Northern blot was performed to confirm the tranfection with HSCC-1 gene and cell viability was assessed by cell cytotoxicity assay. We had successfully construct the recombinant HSCC-1 adenovirus(Ad5CMV-HCCS-1). DNA extracted from Ad5CMV-HCCS-1 revealed HCCS-1 gene is incorporated. The transduction efficiencies were over than 50% of SCC-25 cells with a MOI of 2 and over 95% with a MOI of 50. Northern blot analysis showed that a single 0.6kb mRNA transcript was expressed in Ad5CMV-HCCS-1 transduced SCC-25 cells. There was no or very low transcription HCCS-1 mRNA in wild and Ad5CMV-LacZ transduced SCC-25 cells. Cells transduced with Ad5CMV-HCCS-1 showed significant growth inhibition. By day 6, Ad5CMV-HCCS-1 treated cell count was decreased to 30% of mock-infected cells, while that of Ad5CMV-LacZ treated cells was 90% of mock-infected cells (p<0.05). Finally, these result suggest that the Ad5CMV-HCCS-1 has potential as a gene therapy tool for oral cancer.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.193-200
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• 2014

Due to the advent of ubiquitous computing environment, it is becoming a part of our common life style. And tremendous information is cumulated rapidly. In these trends, it is becoming a very important technology to find out exact information in a large data to present users. Collaborative filtering is the method based on other users' preferences, can not only reflect exact attributes of user but also still has the problem of sparsity and scalability, though it has been practically used to improve these defects. In this paper, we propose clustering method by user's features based on SOM for predicting purchase pattern in u-Commerce. it is necessary for us to make the cluster with similarity by user's features to be able to reflect attributes of the customer information in order to find the items with same propensity in the cluster rapidly. The proposed makes the task of clustering to apply the variable of featured vector for the user's information and RFM factors based on purchase history data. To verify improved performance of proposing system, we make experiments with dataset collected in a cosmetic internet shopping mall.