• 호남수학학술지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.541-550
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• 2013

In this paper, we strengthen the properties of approximation by points (AP) and weak approximation by points (WAP) considered by A. Pultr and A. Tozzi in 1993 to define ${\kappa}$-AP and ${\kappa}$-WAP for an infinite cardinal ${\kappa}$. We also strengthen the properties of radial and pseudoradial to define ${\kappa}$-radial and ${\kappa}$-pseudoradial for an infinite cardinal ${\kappa}$. These allow us to consider new cardinal functions related to almost closed sets; AP-number, WAP-number, radial number, and pseudoradial number. We study their properties and show the relationships between them. We also provide some examples around ${\kappa}$-AP and ${\kappa}$-WAP which are closely connected with ${\kappa}$-radial and ${\kappa}$-pseudoradial.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.171-180
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• 1997

Effects of order misspecification on statistical behavior of unit root tests are studied. We derive the limiting distributions of the Dickey-Fuller test statistics whose numerators are of the form c .int. W dW + .kappa. where W is a standard Brownian motion on [0, 1] and c is a real number. The term .kappa. is a major consequence of order misspecification and its explict expression is derived. Based on an analysis of .kappa., effects of order misspecification on unit root tests for AR(2), ARMA(1, 1), and AR(3) models are investigated.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.47-63
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• 1992

Bechhofer and Tamhane(1981) proposed Balanced Treatment Incomplete Block (BTIB) desings for comparing p test treatments with a control treatment in blocks of size ${\kappa}$. Notz and Tamhane(1983) solved the problem about determination of the minimal complete class for ${\kappa}=3$. However there are a number of design parameters for which BTIB designs do not exist. We suggest a new class of designs called Group Divisible Treatment Desings(GDTD's) that is a larger class including BTIB designs as a subclass. In this paper we give the minimal complete classes of generator designs for GDTD's with ${\kappa}=2,\;p{\geq}4(except\;prime\;number)\;and\;{\kappa}=3,\;p=4(2)6$.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.669-678
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• 2014

We investigate various properties of ${\kappa}$-net convergence structures and define a ${\kappa}$-net-based continuous function on ${\kappa}$-net $\mathcal{L}^+$-convergence structures, and study relationships between continuity and ${\kappa}$-net-based continuity on ${\kappa}$-net $\mathcal{L}^+$-convergence structures. We also provide some characterizations of ${\kappa}$-net-based continuity.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.1363-1372
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• 2007

We investigate the containment measure of one domain to contain in another domain in a plane $X^{\kappa}$ of constant curvature. We obtain some Bonnesen-type inequalities involving the area, length, radius of the inscribed and the circumscribed disc of a domain D in $X^{\kappa}$.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.737-767
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• 2016

This paper concerns closed hypersurfaces of dimension $n{\geq}2$ in the hyperbolic space ${\mathbb{H}}_{\kappa}^{n+1}$ of constant sectional curvature evolving in direction of its normal vector, where the speed equals a power ${\beta}{\geq}1$ of the mean curvature. The main result is that if the initial closed, weakly h-convex hypersurface satisfies that the ratio of the biggest and smallest principal curvature at everywhere is close enough to 1, depending only on n and ${\beta}$, then under the flow this is maintained, there exists a unique, smooth solution of the flow which converges to a single point in ${\mathbb{H}}_{\kappa}^{n+1}$ in a maximal finite time, and when rescaling appropriately, the evolving hypersurfaces exponential convergence to a unit geodesic sphere of ${\mathbb{H}}_{\kappa}^{n+1}$.

• 한국데이터정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국데이터정보과학회 2006년도 PROCEEDINGS OF JOINT CONFERENCEOF KDISS AND KDAS
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• pp.163-169
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• 2006

This paper deals with the comparison of parameter estimation methods in a 3-parameter Kappa distribution which is sometimes used in flood frequency analysis. The method of moment estimation(MME), L-moment estimation(L-ME), and maximum likelihood estimation(MLE) are applied to estimate three parameters. The performance of these methods are compared by Monte-carlo simulations. Especially for computing MME and L-ME, ike dimensional nonlinear equations are simplied to one dimensional equation which is calculated by the Newton-Raphson iteration under constraint. Based on the criterion of the mean squared error, the L-ME is recommended to use for small sample size $(n\leq100)$ while MLE is good for large sample size.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.117-132
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• 2007

두 평정자가 있는 이차원 분류표에서 우연에 의한 합치 비율을 보정한 Cohen의 합치도($\kappa$)는 문제점이 있는 측도로 알려져 있다. $\kappa$는 평정자의 분류 비율(주변확률)에 매우 민감하고, 합치도로서의 조건도 만족하지 못한다. 그러나 $\kappa$를 비롯한 기존 합치도들은 주변확률이 0.5에 가까울 때 안정되며 비슷한 값을 갖는다. 본 연구에서는 이차원 분류표의 불균형적 주변분포를 보정함으로써 $\kappa$의 역설을 해결하는 새로운 합치도 H를 제안한다. 또한 예제를 통해 기존의 합치도들과 제안된 합치도를 비교한다.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.126-132
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• 2014

Purpose: The field trauma triage for injured patients is essential for trauma care system. In this study, agreement of patient evaluation between by prehospital EMS personnel and by hospital staffs and the appropriateness of prehospital triage were evaluated. Methods: This observational study was conducted from September to October 2012 for 5 weeks. During this period, EMT evaluated patient's severity according to guideline for field triage and recorded. Same guideline was applied in 26 hospitals for patients with EMS use. Kappa statistics were used to measure agreement for each item of guideline. Finally, over-triage and under-triage rate of EMT were calculated. Results: During study period, total 3,106 patients were transferred to 26 hospital emergency departments with EMS use. Kappa statistics for "vital signs" items were 0.45 for mentality lower than V and 0.44 for systolic blood pressure lower than 90 mmHg as a moderate agreement. In "anatomy of injury" items Kappa statistics were very low. In "mechanism of injury" items Kappa statistics were 0.28 for high-rise fall down and 0.27 for high energy traffic accident but in other items Kappa statistics were very low. 362 patients (12.0%) were over-triaged and 281 patients (9.3%) were under-triaged. Conclusion: Field triage can be applied but need to evaluate and modify in order to become accurate and sensitive for decision of transportation.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.9-19
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• 1994

평가자간 평가 일치도(measure of agreement)를 나타내는 모수 $\kappa$와 양성 반응 비율 $\mu$를 지닌 베타-이항 분포 모형은 심리학 분야에서 많이 다루어지는 모형이다. 이 모형에서 $\kappa$에 대한 추정은 $\mu$가 0에 가까운 값을 가질 때 우도함수를 이용한 전통적 추론 방법의 적용이 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 Gibbs sampler를 이용한 Bayesian 분석 방법을 적용시켜 주변 사후 밀도 함수를 추정하였으며 이를 이용하여 Bayesian 추정값도 구하였다.