• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2008

Humans are well-known for being adept at using intuition and expertise in many situations. However, human experts are still susceptible to errors in judgment or execution, and failure to recognize the limits of knowledge. This would happen especially in semi-structured situations, in multi-disciplinary settings, under time or other stress, under uncertainty, or when knowledge is outdated Human errors are caused by cognitive biases, attentional slips/memory lapses, cultural motivations, and missing knowledge. The purpose of this research is to study errors of human experts committed in judgment and the general idea of critiquing systems as corresponding plan. Compared to expert systems, critiquing systems are narrowly focused programs useful in limited situations for collaborating with and supporting experts in their task activities. It supports an expert by detecting the human's errors by deploying various strategies that stimulate humans to improve their performance. A variety of types of critiquing systems has spread through numerous application areas.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of mechanical ventilation simulation on the clinical judgment and self-confidence of nursing students. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study. From one university, 118 undergraduate nursing students participated in this study. Sixty students were in the intervention group, and fifty-eight students were in the control group. A simulation scenario utilizing a high-fidelity human simulator focusing on nursing care for patients with a mechanical ventilator was developed for this study. Data were collected with a self-report survey method before the intervention, right after intervention, and two weeks later. Results: Students in the intervention group showed significantly higher increases in clinical judgment and self-confidence than those in the control group at the immediate posttest. Moreover, 2 weeks later, the increase in clinical judgment and self-confidence from the pretest among the intervention group was significantly larger than those in the control group. Conclusion: Utilizing simulation education focusing on patients with a mechanical ventilator may contribute to training more competent nurses in the area of critical care nursing. It may also serve to provide a better critical care environment for the safety and health of patients.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze trends related to sports and artificial intelligence (AI) to understand the trends and how they change according to time, and to establish methods to apply AI in sports. Both macro and micro perspectives related to sports utilization of AI were analyzed. Method: In this study, after analyzing and discussing various information related to the use of artificial intelligence in the sports through a search of academic journals, papers, books, and websites published recently at nationally and internationally, the application plan of artificial intelligence in the sports field was presented. Results: 1) Motion analysis technology using artificial intelligence is effective in sports where posture is important, and if it provides systematic feedback and training methods, it can help improve performance. 2) The introduction of a sports referee judgment system using artificial intelligence is expected to improve performance by restoring factual judgment and objective fairness in sports games. 3) Artificial intelligence will provide coaching staff and players with a variety of information to help improve performance through systematic coaching and improving feedback and enhanced training methods. 4) It is judged that artificial intelligence-related to sports ethics, sports ICT, sports marketing, sports prediction, etc. We think that based on the current AI research trends will have a positive impact on all sports-related areas, helping to revitalize sports. Conclusion: Motion analysis technology using artificial intelligence, sports referee judgment system, coaching using artificial intelligence, and artificial intelligence are judged to have a positive effect on all sports-related areas and help revitalize sports.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.15-27
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• 2012

Purpose: To evaluate the applicability of Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric (LCJR) as an evaluation tool for hypoglycemia simulation practicum on Korean nursing students. Methods: The methodological study was done to evaluate the reliability and validity of the LCJR. Based on Benner's 4 levels of nursing grading rubric, ten items of the LCJR was evaluated for interrater reliability and internal consistency. The content validity was tested by eight experts and concurrent validity was done by Clark (2006)'s clinical simulation grading rubric. Fifty five video-taped cases of senior nursing students in Y University were used for the reliability and concurrent validity of the LCJR. Results: The interrater reliability was r=.90 (p<.001); Kendall tau b=.87 (p <.001), and Cronbach's alpha was .90. A value of item content validity index of the LCJR was .97 and correlation coefficient between the LCJR and Clark's instrument was .90 (p<.001). The mean (${\pm}SD$) of the nursing students' clinical judgment was 2.04 (${\pm}50$). Conclusion: The LCJR is a useful tool to examine the simulation performance evaluation for improving competency among nursing students. The results indicated that the LCJR may provide valuable information regarding clinical judgment of nursing students and thus, suggested to use to develop a simulation-based education program.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2006

Despite the government promoting women's participation in the engineering field, some statistics show that it has yet to be achieved. Potential reasons for this phenomenon include lower level of applications by women, or inherent gender gap in the professional field. Therefore, this study attempted to find impact of gender on college admission from the Lens Model perspective and Signal Detection Theory. This study consisted of three phases: identifying the necessary cues used in the admission process, analyzing existing data, and conducting two experiments to identify the effect of gender on admission decisions. Although the college application consisted of many cues, only five cues, school ranking, GPA, SAT score, resident status, and gender, were used to capture the officers' judgment policies for engineering admissions. Two experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of the gender factor in college admission. The enrollment officers first were presented with the existing data without the gender and asked to make dichotomous judgments. Secondly, the officers were asked to perform the judgment task with the gender cue present. Results showed that the gender did not play an important role in the judgments as expected. However, ideographical analyses on judgment strategies revealed that there were significant differences between the admission officers. Possible training implications are discussed.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2006

Technological encroachment provides human operators with flood of information that must be analyzed to understand the environment and make judgments that lead to strategic actions. Further, the environment is not static and therefore uncertain, changing its aspect dynamically. Complexity accompanied with its dynamics imposes substantial difficulty to human operators' task. Criticality of having situational understanding becomes more important than ever. Situationalunderstanding requires the human operators possessing tacit knowledge in order for them to make the sense out of the situation while interacting with information from many heterogeneous sources, the notion of sensemaking. Sensemaking refers to the process of developing mental framework to assemble pieces of information representing different aspects of the environment that can be used to develop one's own actionable knowledge to implement their judgments in the uncertain environment. Therefore, judgment process and performance is a key component of sensemaking process. Among many judgment and decision making models, the lens model with its extension can be utilized to partially describe the judgmental aspect of sensemaking. One of the lens model parameters, unmodeled knowledge, can be a corresponding quantitative measure for the tacit knowledge that plays an important role in sensemaking. In this paper, a comprehensive literature for sensemaking is provided to formally define the notion of sensemaking in the military domain. Also, it is proposed that there is a crucial link between the sensemaking and human judgment process and performance from the lens model perspective. Potential implications for experimental framework are also proposed.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.544-549
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• 2006

본 논문은 인간의 보조 역할을 하기 위해 자율적인 명령을 내리고 사용자가 직접 제어할 수 있는 지능형 주행 판단 시스템(Judgment System for Intelligent Movement; JSIM)에 대한 연구이다. 본 논문에서는 제어 대상은 이동 로봇으로 한정한다. 이동 로봇은 지능형 주행 판단 모듈을 휴대한 사용자에게 영상정보와 초음파 센서 정보를 제공하고 가이드 역할을 수행한다. 그리고 PDA와 센서박스로 구성된 지능형 주행 판단 시스템은 이동로봇으로부터 얻은 정보와 사용자 명령을 입력으로 사용하는 소프트 컴퓨팅 기법을 이용하여 이동로봇의 속도와 방향을 결정하고 다양한 기능을 수행하도록 로봇을 원격으로 제어한다. 본 논문에서는 몸에 착용하고 주변장치들과 통신을 하며 지능적 판단을 할 수 있는 지능형 주행 판단시스템을 구성하고 실제 환경에서 지능적 판단 알고리즘 적용과 이동로봇을 제어하는 시스템을 구현하여 제안한 시스템의 실현 가능성을 검증한다. 지능 알고리즘은 계층적 퍼지 구조와 신경망을 융합한 구조이다.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1075-1080
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• 2020

컴퓨팅 기술과 네트워킹의 발달은 4차 산업혁명의 근본이 되는 기술로 발달하고 있다. 이중 실감 미디어 분야인 AR과 VR 기술은 많은 응용영역으로 발달하고 있으며, 특히! 의료분야의 발전가능성은 매우 높다. 보건의료분야의 발전 가능성으로는 인구의 노령화에 따른 다양한 만성 질환의 증가와 이를 처리할 수 있는 기반시설의 제한, 전문 인력의 부족과 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해, AR/VR과 같은 4차 산업혁명의 대표기술을 이용한 헬스케어 분야의 서비스를 채택하고 있다. 이에 따라, 헬스케어 분야의 AR/VR의 영역은 전체 산업 시장의 약 17%를 차지하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 AR을 이용한 인지 판단 기술은 경도인지장애자 대상으로 컴퓨팅 시스템을 통한 인지 평가를 적용하고, 결과를 바탕으로 증강현실을 이용한 인지 재활 콘텐츠를 활용할 수 있도록 연구하고, 인지 판단 기술에 필요한 하드웨어와 소프트웨어 설계를 통해 AR을 이용한 인지 판단 기술과 헬스케어 분야에 도움을 주고자 한다.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.192-202
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• 2021

과거 안전시설 설치 기준 및 도로안전지수 등에 관한 다양한 연구가 수행되어왔다. 하지만 연구결과를 사용하기에 많은 조사항목과 사용하기 어려운 변수를 사용하는 등 현장에 적용하기에는 한계가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 연구결과의 적용 가능성을 고려한 도로안전 판단지표를 개발하고 안전시설의 설치 기준을 마련하고자 하였다. 유관시스템의 데이터 항목을 검토하였으며 이미 활용 중인 변수의 사용을 고려하였다. 상관분석과 요인분석을 통해 교통요인, 도로요인, 사고요인을 반영한 도로안전 판단지표를 개발하였으며, 군집분석을 통해 안전시설의 설치판단 기준 점수를 도출하였다. 분석결과 단일로에 비해 교차로에서 설치판단 기준 점수가 더 낮게 분석되었으며 교차로의 도로 위험도가 더 큰 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2023

가스계량기의 검침방식이 발전하면서 원격검침이 가능한 스마트 가스 계량기(누출점검용 계량기 및 다기능 안전 계량기)가 사용되고 있다. 이러한 계량기는 부가기능으로 수집하는 유량 및 압력 데이터를 활용하여 누출 판단을 하는 기능이 있다. 유량 데이터를 이용한 누출판단 기능은 실제 현장에서 유효한 사례가 있지만 압력 데이터 기반 누출 판단 기준은 누출로 인한 압력 값 변화뿐만 아니라 여러 요인(정압기 압력 크기, 인접 계량기 연계, 인접 주택 사용량, 계량기 위치 등)으로 압력 크기 변화(레벨)가 있는 문제점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 스마트 가스계량기에서 수집되는 압력데이터를 활용하여 누출여부를 판단 할 수 있는 기법으로 압력 데이터 전처리 방법과 누출 여부 관련 압력 값 범위 기준, 누출판단 기법 및 적용 사례 검증을 통해 개발하였다.