• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.301-301
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• 2017

Subspecific difference of the percentage of white immature kernels (WIK) between japonica and indica rice cultivars was analyzed in relation to ripening temperature and yield characters. Thirty-three Chinese and 10 Japanese rice cultivars, including 32 japonica and 11 indica, were cultivated with three different cropping seasons for three years. The results were as follows: (1) Indica had less number of panicles, larger number of spikelets per panicle with higher yield, and longer and narrower kernels than japonica. In japonica, Chinese cultivars had less number of panicles and larger number of spikelets per panicle than Japanese cultivars. In addition, WIK was significantly higher in Chinese cultivars than in Japanese cultivars, because of the higher percentage of milky white kernels, even at similar temperature conditions during ripening. On the other hand, WIK in indica was not significantly different between the production areas and between the cropping seasons. (2) Regardless of subspecies, WIK in a large number of Chinese cultivars increased with increasing temperature during ripening within 20 days after heading, while this relation was uncommon in Japanese cultivars, showing the low temperature response. However, some Chinese cultivars had the low WIK with the low temperature response. (3) WIK in japonicawas positively correlated with 1000-kernel weight, spikelet density, kernel width and thickness, but negatively correlated with panicle length and grain filling percentage, while in indica it was positively correlated with panicle number per area, grain filling percentage, brown rice yield and kernel width, but negatively correlated with kernel length. These results indicated that WIK in both subspecies had a close relation to kernel size, and that WIK was high in japonica cultivars with wide and thick kernels and in indica cultivars with short and wide kernels.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.200-206
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• 2017

도시화로 인한 서식지의 훼손과 단편화는 전세계적으로 양서류에게 큰 위협이 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 도시화가 청개구리의 분포와 수도에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자, 인천와 그 주변에 위치한 18개 논에서 청음으로 청개구리의 수도를 측정하고 서식지 환경과 토지 이용을 조사하였다. 인천과 주변 논에서 청개구리의 수도는 0 - 17마리 / 서식지 또는 0 - 41마리 / ha이었다. 청개구리의 수도는 서식지와 도로와의 거리가 멀어짐에 따라서 서식지의 둘레길이 면적이 켜질수록 증가하였다. 일반적인 예측과는 달리 청개구리의 밀도는 서식지의 크기와 음의 상관을, 주변의 토지이용 강도와는 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 따라서 도시화에 의하여 서식지 면적이 감소하고 주변이 개발됨에 따라서 청개구리리가 좁은 서식지로 집중화될 수 있다고 생각된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.44-50
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• 2015

The basic and main nutritive ingredients of two temperature (Anguilla japonica and A. rostrata) and two tropical (A. bicolor pacifica and A. marmorata) fresh water eel species that are farmed domestically were evaluated. With exception of A. rostrata, eels cultured at the same farm were used for analysis. The contents of crude protein were in the order A. marmorata (17.7%)>A. rostrata (17.5%)>A. bicolor pacifica (17.4%)>A. japonica (15.8%) and the contents of crude lipids were A. japonica (21.5%)>A. rostrata (15.4%)>A. bicolor pacifica (10.5%)>A. marmorata (8.9%). These values differed significantly even among the three species of eel farmed under identical culture conditions. In comparison, all four species of eel showed similar pattern in overall amino acid composition, although slight differences in the compositions of some amino acids were observed. The fatty acid compositions of muscle tissues were notably different among four species of eel, especially between the tropical and temperature eels. In a taste-test of the meat of the four eel species, which considered taste, flavor and texture, the overall preference was in the order A. japonica, A. marmorata, A. bicolor pacifica and A. rostrata.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.149-153
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• 1984

전작(田作) 및 과수원(果樹園)의 주요(主要) 다년생(多年生) 잡초(雜草)의 하나인 메꽃(Calystegia japonica Choisy)의 생육(生育)에 미치는 pH, 건조시간(乾燥時間), 발생심도(發生深度), 토양수분(土壤水分) 및 광도(光度)의 영향(影響)을 조사(調査)하였다. 메꽃 지하경(地下莖) 생존율(生存率)은 $35^{\circ}C$에서 14시간(時間) 이상(以上) 건조(乾燥)되면 급격(急激)하게 감소(減少)되고, 생존(生存)되더라도 그 생육(生育)은 극히 저조(低調)하였으며, 발생심도(發生深度)가 0cm 혹은 8cm 이하(以下)로 될 때에는 생육(生育)이 크게 떨어졌다. 토양수분(土壤水分) 40~60%가 생육(生育)에 최적수준(最適水準)이었다. 메꽃의 초장(草長)은 광도(光度)의 증가(增加)로 감소(減少)되었지만, 근장(根長)과 건물중(建物重)은 증가(增加)하였다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.65-69
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• 2009

The present study investigated the antiproliferative effect of Litsea japonica in HL-60/ADR, adriamycin resistant human promyelocytic leukemia cells. The 80% ethanol extract of L. japonica markedly inhibited the growth of HL-60/ADR cells. When HL-60/ADR cells were treated with the extract, several apoptosis events like as DNA fragmentation, chromatin condensation and the increase of the population of sub-G1 hypodiploid cells were observed. In the mechanism of apoptosis induction by L. japonica, we examined the changes of Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression levels, and activation of caspases. After the HL-60/ADR cells were treated with the extract, the Bcl-2 expression was decreased, whereas the expression of Bax was increased in a time-dependent manner compared to the control. In addition, the active forms of caspase-9 and -3 were increased and the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, a vital substrate of effector caspase, was observed. The results suggest that the inhibitory effect of L. japonica on the growth of the HL-60/ADR appears to arise from the induction of apoptosis via the down-regulation of Bcl-2 and the activation of caspases.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2014

These studies were conducted to discriminate Cynanchum wilfordii, C. auriculatum, Metaplexis japonica, and Polygonum multiflorum by morphological characters. Cynanchum wilfordii, C. auriculatum, and Metaplexis japonica(Asclepiadaceae) were easily distinguished from Polygonum multiflorum by twining stem to the left, producing opposite leaves, having laticiferous stems and leaves at cutting cross-sectionally, and lacking lignification of the stem. Four species had different morphological characters of flower. Comparing four species to fruit type, three species of Asclepiadaceae had follicle, while Polygonum multiflorum had achene with three wings. Follicle shape was lanceolate, narrowly lanceolate, and widely lanceolate in C. wilfordii, C. auriculatum, and Metaplexis japonica, respectively. Whereas seed color of four species was dark brown similarly, seed shape and 1,000 seed weight were useful characters to discrimate between three species of Asclepiadaceae and Polygonum multiflorum. Shape and color of root were thickened and yellowish brown in C. wilfordii and C. auriculatum. They were thin and long and white in Metaplexis japonica, and fusiform and reddish brown in Polygonum multiflorum. They would be useful characters to distinguish Cynanchum spp., Metaplexis japonica, and Polygonum multiflorum, however, impossible characters to discriminate between C. wilfordii and C. auriculatum.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.619-625
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• 2012

In the present study, the proximate composition, sugar, minerals, total phenolic and flavonoid compounds, and amino acids in Calystegia japonica (C. japonica) were measured to determine if it can be used as a nutritional and functional material for the development of valuable foods. The mean crude protein, fat, and ash contents of the leaves were 5.75, 2.46, and 7.77%, respectively. The soluble-protein contents of the leaves and roots were 146.78 and 33.67 mg%, respectively. The reducing-sugar and free-sugar contents of the leaves were 682.70 and 166.00 mg%, respectively, and those of the roots were 2,934.89 and 37.70 mg%. The mineral content of the leaves was 3,122.13 mg%, and that of the roots was 1,540.85 mg%. The three elements Ca, K, and Mg were very rich in all their parts, with minerals accounting for 96-99% of their total mineral contents. The total phenolic compound of the leaves was 3,028.89 mg%, and the total flavonoid compound was 382.67 mg%. The phenolic and flavonoid compounds in the leaves were more than 7.6 times those in the roots. The free-amino acid levels in the leaves and roots were 2,467.15 and 1,334.81 mg%, respectively. The results of the comparison of the leaves and roots of C. japonica showed that the leaves had a rich proximate composition consisting of minerals, total phenolic and flavonoid compounds, and amino acid. This suggests that C. japonica leaves are potentially useful sources of functional and favorite foods and nutraceuticals.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.176-184
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• 1986

복숭아 혹 진딧물의 생물적(生物的) 방제(防除)를 위한 기초자료(基礎資料)를 얻기 위하여 85년 4~10월(月)까지 대전근교(大田近郊)의 포장에서 복숭아혹진딧물에 기생(寄生)하는 진디벌의 종류(種類)와 이에 기생하는 중기생벌을 조사하였고 진디벌과 중기생벌과의 관계, 주요 진디벌과 중기생벌의 mummy 형성 및 우화 등을 조사하였으며 진디벌의 생존기간(生存期間) 등을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 야외에서 채집(採集)된 201개(個)의 mummy 중 진디벌이 38.3% 중기생벌이 44.3%가 우화(羽化)되었다. 2. 복숭아 혹 진딧물에 기생하는 진디벌은 Lysiphlebia japonica와 Trioxys hokkaidenis가 가장 많았다. 3. 중기생벌은 Prataphelinus nikalskajae, Eucoila sp. Ardilea convexa가 많았다. 4. L. japonica가 T. hokkaidensis보다 중기생벌에게 더 많이 기생 당하고 있었다. 5. 종합적인 기생활동능력(寄生活動能力)은 T. hokkaidensis가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 6. L. japonica의 수명은 최대 3일이며 Glucose를 먹이로 하였을 때 가장 길었다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2006

Aucuba japonica has variable pharmacological effects such as hepatoprotective, choleretic, hemodynamic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities. This study was performed to investigate the effects of Aucuba japonica extract on oral wound healing. Aucubin was extracted from Aucuba japonica, and injected on either side of buccal mucosa of male mice. Artificial full thickness wounds were made on the site with 1.5 mm biopsy punch under sterile technique. The specimens had taken on day 1, 3, and 5 with 4 mm biopsy punch. Light microscopic examination and quantitative histologic analysis were performed for reepithelization, inflammatory cell infiltration. Reepithelization of the aucubin (0.1%) group was earlier than the control group. And the number of inflammatory cells of the aucubin group was lesser than the control group. In view of the results so far achieved, the aucubin extracted from Aucuba japonica may be useful for oral wound healing and it can be applied as a topical agent on the oral wound. Further research should be performed on the mechanism of aucubin on oral wound healing and proper formulation for effective topical agents.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2007

본 연구는 건강지향적인 식품 소재로서 기능성과 효능을 지닌 동충하초를 이용하여 먹기 편한 젤리를 제조하기 위해 동충하초 분말을 각각 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2% 첨가하여 만든 동충하초 젤리의 일반성분, 무기질 함량, 색도, 물성 및 관능평가를 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 동충하초 젤리의 일반성분 함량에서 수분 함량과 조단백질 함량은 동충하초 분말을 첨가한 군에서 높게 나타났으며(p<0.05), 반면에 조지방 함량은 대조군이 가장 높고 동충하초 분말 첨가군이 낮게 나타났다. 무기질 함량은 동충하초 분말을 첨가한 군이 대조군보다 칼슘, 마그네슘 및 칼륨 함량이 높았다(p<0.05). 색도 검사에서 L값과 a값은 대조군에 비해 동충하초 분말을 첨가한 군에서 낮아지는 경향이었으며 b값은 대조군이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 조직감은 대조군에 비해 동충하초 분말을 첨가한 군에서의 Hardness, Gumminess 및 Chewiness가 낮아지는 경향이었다. 관능검사에서는 동충하초 분말 1% 첨가군에서의 색, 맛, 질감 및 전체적인 기호가 높게 평가되었다. 이상의 연구결과를 통해 건강지향적인 기능성 식품 소재로서 기호성과 이용성을 증대시킬 수 있는 동충하초 젤리의 동충하초 분말 첨가량은 1% 첨가군이었으며 겔화제와 같은 첨가물에 따른 동충하초 젤리의 관능평가에 대한 연구가 지속적으로 이루어져야 된다고 사료된다.