• 대한수학회보
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.175-184
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• 2002

A Cellular embedding of a graph G into an orientable surface S can be considered as a cellular decomposition of S into 0-cells, 1-cells and 2-cells and vise versa, in which 0-cells and 1-cells form a graph G and this decomposition of S is called a map in S with underlying graph G. For a map M with underlying graph G, we define a natural rotation on the line graph of the graph G and we introduce the line map for M. we find that genus of the supporting surface of the line map for a map and we give a characterization for the line map to be embedded in the sphere. Moreover we show that the line map for any life of a map M is map-isomorphic to a lift of the line map for M.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.867-876
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• 2017

Let $\mathcal{A}$ and $\mathcal{B}$ be two $C^*$-algebras such that $\mathcal{A}$ is prime. In this paper, we investigate the additivity of maps ${\Phi}$ from $\mathcal{A}$ onto $\mathcal{B}$ that are bijective and satisfy $${\Phi}(A^*B+{\eta}BA^*)={\Phi}(A)^*{\Phi}(B)+{\eta}{\Phi}(B){\Phi}(A)^*$$ for all $A,B{\in}\mathcal{A}$ where ${\eta}$ is a non-zero scalar such that ${\eta}{\neq}{\pm}1$. Moreover, if ${\Phi}(I)$ is a projection, then ${\Phi}$ is a ${\ast}$-isomorphism.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.531-540
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• 1995

There is much literature on the study of matrices over a finite Boolean algebra. But many results in Boolean matrix theory are stated only for binary Boolean matrices. This is due in part to a semiring isomorphism between the matrices over the Boolean algebra of subsets of a k element set and the k tuples of binary Boolean matrices. This isomorphism allows many questions concerning matrices over an arbitrary finite Boolean algebra to be answered using the binary Boolean case. However there are interesting results about the general (i.e. nonbinary) Boolean matrices that have not been mentioned and they differ somwhat from the binary case.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.549-556
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• 2015

In this paper, we characterize w-Noetherian modules in terms of polynomial modules and w-Nagata modules. Then it is shown that for a finite type w-module M, every w-epimorphism of M onto itself is an isomorphism. We also define and study the concepts of w-Artinian modules and w-simple modules. By using these concepts, it is shown that for a w-Artinian module M, every w-monomorphism of M onto itself is an isomorphism and that for a w-simple module M, $End_RM$ is a division ring.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.1479-1503
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• 2007

In this paper, we study a strong k-deformation retract derived from a relative k-homotopy and investigate its properties in relation to both a k-homotopic thinning and the k-fundamental group. Moreover, we show that the k-fundamental group of a wedge product of closed k-curves not k-contractible is a free group by the use of some properties of both a strong k-deformation retract and a digital covering. Finally, we write an algorithm for calculating the k-fundamental group of a dosed k-curve by the use of a k-homotopic thinning.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.1697-1705
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• 2016

In this article, we consider the problem on finding non-degenerate nary m-ic forms having an $n{\times}n$ matrix A as a linear isomorphism. We show that it is equivalent to solve a linear diophantine equation. In particular, we find all integral ternary cubic forms having A as a linear isomorphism, for any $A{\in}GL_3({\mathbb{Z}})$. We also give a family of non-degenerate cubic forms F such that F(x) = N always has infinitely many integer solutions if exists.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.487-497
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• 2006

The purpose of this paper is to describe the structure of the rings $\mathbb{Z}_{p^2}[X]/({\alpha}(X))$ with ${\alpha}(X)$ a monic polynomial and $\={X}^{\kappa}=0$ for some nonnegative integer ${\kappa}$. Especially we will see that any ideal of such rings can be generated by at most two elements of the special form and we will find the 'minimal' set of generators of the ideals. We indicate how to identify the isomorphism types of the ideals as $\mathbb{Z}_{p^2}-modules$ by finding the isomorphism types of the ideals of some particular ring. Also we will find the annihilators of the ideals by finding the most 'economical' way of annihilating the generators of the ideal.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.61-74
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• 2018

Let $\mathcal{A}$ and $\mathcal{B}$ be two prime ${\ast}$-algebras. Let ${\Phi}:\mathcal{A}{\rightarrow}\mathcal{B}$ be a bijective and satisfies $${\Phi}(A{\bullet}B{\bullet}A)={\Phi}(A){\bullet}{\Phi}(B){\bullet}{\Phi}(A)$$, for all $A,B{\in}{\mathcal{A}}$ where $A{\bullet}B=A^{\ast}B+BA^{\ast}$. Then, ${\Phi}$ is additive. Moreover, if ${\Phi}(I)$ is idempotent then we show that ${\Phi}$ is ${\mathbb{R}}$-linear ${\ast}$-isomorphism.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.301-307
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• 2017

In this paper, we solve the following four graph equations $L^k(G)=H{\oplus}J$; $M(G)=H{\oplus}J$; ${\bar{L^k(G)}}=H{\oplus}J$ and ${\bar{M(G)}}=H{\oplus}J$, where J is $nK_2$ for $n{\geq}1$. Here, the equality symbol = means the isomorphism between the corresponding graphs. In particular, we shall obtain all pairs of graphs (G, H), which satisfy the above mentioned equations, upto isomorphism.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제26권5_6호
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• pp.945-959
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• 2008

n-ary $H_v$-structures is a generalisation of both n-ary structures and $H_v$-structures. A wide class of n-ary $P-H_v$-groups is the n-ary $P-H_v$-groups that is concidered in this paper. In this paper the notion of a normal subgroup of an n-ary $P-H_v$-groups is introduced and the isomorphism theorems for n-ary $P-H_v$-groups are stated and proved. Also some examples and related properties are investigated.