• 환경영향평가
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.521-547
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• 2018

본 연구는 식물자원 및 생태계에 대한 정보가 부족한 지기산 일대를 대상으로 관속식물상을 조사하여 자연환경 평가 및 기초자료 구축을 위해 수행되었다. 현지조사 결과, 낙엽활엽수 및 침활혼효림을 이루는 지역으로서 관속식물은 96과 286속 391종 7아종 40변종 3품종 2교잡종 등443분류군이 확인되었다. 한반도 고유종은 은사시나무, 개나리, 만리화, 넓은잎각시붓꽃 4분류군이 확인되었다. IUCN 평가기준에 따른 적색목록은 6분류군으로 취약종(VU)에 만리화, 관심대상종(LC)에 이팝나무, 물잔디, 보춘화, 미평가종(NE)에 인삼, 푸른하늘지기가 확인되었다. 식물구계학적 특정식물은 27분류군으로, V등급에 2분류군, IV등급에 3분류군, III등급에 6분류군, II등급에 4분류군, I등급에 12분류군이 조사되었다. 특이분포식물은 27분류군으로 북방계식물이 4분류군, 남방계식물이 12분류군, 격리분포식물이 10분류군이었으며, 최근 학계에 보고된 흰들제비꽃 1분류군이 확인되었다. 외래식물은 67분류군으로 귀화율(NI) 15.12%, 도시화지수(UI) 20.9%로 나타났다.

• 한국심리학회지:법
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.121-145
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• 2022

본 연구는 범죄 및 피해자 특성과 범죄피해 내용의 관련성을 확인하기 위하여 2010년부터 2018년까지 격년으로 수집된 전국범죄피해조사 자료에 랜덤포레스트 알고리즘을 적용하였다. 전체 자료 중 범죄피해경험이 있는 사례 및 관심 변인을 선별하여 분석자료를 구성하였으며, 총 3080건 자료의 성별, 연령(생애주기단계), 범죄유형, 가해자 면식여부, 반복피해 여부, 심리적 피해내용(우울함, 고립감, 극심한 두려움, 신체증상, 대인관계 문제, 사람을 피해 이사, 자살 충동, 자살 시도) 및 범죄피해 후 감정변화(자기보호 자신감, 자존감, 타인에 대한 신뢰감, 사법기관에 대한 신뢰감 및 사법제도와 법에 대한 존중감의 변화)를 나타내는 변인들이 분석자료에 포함되었다. 전통적 통계기법을 적용하기 어려운 자료의 특성을 고려하여, 본 연구는 범죄피해 내용(심리적 피해내용과 감정변화)을 이용하여 범죄 및 피해자 특성을 예측하기 위한 랜덤포레스트 알고리즘을 다섯 번 실행하고, VSURF 함수를 이용하여 범죄 및 피해자 특성을 잘 예측하는 범죄피해 내용 변인들을 선택하였다. 분석 결과, 범죄유형과 우울함, 극심한 두려움 및 신체증상의 관련성, 가해자 면식여부와 신체증상 및 대인관계 문제의 관련성, 반복피해 여부와 사법제도와 법에 대한 존중감 변화의 관련성이 확인되었다. 성별과 생애주기단계(청소년/성인/노인)는 각각 극심한 두려움과 자기보호 자신감 변화와 관련이 있는 것으로 확인되었으나 의미를 부여하기 위해서는 추가적 경험자료가 필요할 것으로 판단되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 범죄피해평가제도의 실효성을 높이기 위해 전문가 교육과정에 범죄 및 피해자 특성과 범죄피해 내용에 관한 지식과 사례교육의 제공 및 면담전략과 법률지식에 관한 교육강화가 필요함을 시사한다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.202-211
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• 2019

Oceanic islands are biologically important for their unique assemblages of species and high levels of endemism and are sensitive to environmental change because of their isolation and small species source pools. Habitat destruction caused by human landscape development is generally accepted as the main cause of extinction on islands, with exotic species invasion a secondary cause of extinction, especially on tropical islands. However, secondary impacts of human development (e.g., general degradation through resource use and exotic species introduction) are understudied on temperate islands. To determine secondary impacts of human development on the understory vegetation community, 90 field sites on Ulleung Island, South Korea, were sampled during the summer of 2016. Understory vegetation was chosen as it is a proxy for ecosystem health. Diversity and percent cover of introduced, native, and endemic species were tested against proximity to developed areas and trail usage using a model selection approach. Diversity was also tested against percent cover of three naturalized species commonly found in survey plots. The main finding was that distance to development, distance to town, and trail usage have limited negative impacts on the understory vegetation community within best-supported models predicting native and introduced cover and diversity. However, endemic species cover was significantly lower on high usage trails. While there are no apparent locally invasive plant species on the island at the time of this study, percent cover of Robinia pseudoacacia, a naturalized tree species, negatively correlated with plot diversity. These findings indicate that forests on Ulleung Island are not experiencing a noticeable invasion of understory vegetation, and conservation efforts can be best spent preventing future invasions.

• 생약학회지
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• 제35권2호통권137호
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• pp.134-138
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• 2004

A bioassay-guided fractionation of the whole extract of Viscum album var. coloratum Ohwi (Loranthaceae) led to the isolation of two triterpenoidal components; oleanolic acid (1) and ${\beta}-amyrin$ acetate (2), and a flavonoid, homoflavoyadorinin B (3) as well as large quantity of free fatty acid mixtures as active ingredients of the extract responsible for the antitumoral property. The EtOAc soluble fraction and BuOH soluble fraction of the extract demonstrated a significant inhibition on the proliferation of cultured human tumor cells such as A549 (non small cell lung), SK-OV-3 (ovary), SK-MEL-2 (melanoma), XF498 (central nerve system), and HCT-15 (colon) in vitro, whereas the remaining water soluble fraction exhibited a poor inhibition. The intensive phytochemical investigation of the EtOAc soluble fraction and BuOH soluble fraction of the extract indicated that the oleanolic acid (1) and large amounts of free fatty acid mixtures might be attributed to the in vitro antitumoral property of the whole extract of Viscum album var. coloratum.

• 생약학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.347-351
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• 2008

The methanol (MeOH) extract of the rhizome of Alpinia officinarum Hance (Zingiberaceae) demonstrated a potent inhibition on the proliferation of cultured human tumor cell lines such as MES-SA (human uterine carcinoma cell line), MESSA/DX5 (multidrug resistant subline of MES-SA), HCT-15 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line), HCT15/CL02 (multidrug resistant subline of HCT15). The MeOH extract was fractionated into four portions by serial solvent partition, ie., methylene chloride (CH2Cl2) soluble part, ethylacetate (EtOAc) soluble part, n-butanol (BuOH) soluble part and remaining water layer. Among them, the $CH_2Cl_2$ soluble part of the extract exhibited a most potent inhibition on the proliferation of tested tumor cell lines. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the $CH_2Cl_2$ soluble part led to the isolation of five diarylheptanoid and two flavonoid constituents, i. e., galangin (1), 7-(4"-hydroxy-3"-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenylhept-4-en-3-one (2), 1,7-diphenyl-5-hydroxy-3-heptanone (3), trans,trans-1-(3'-methoxy-4'-hydroxyphenyl)-7-phenyl-5-ol-4,6-dien-3-heptanone (4), 5-methoxy-7-(4"-hydroxy-3"-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3-heptanone (5), kaempferide (6), 5-hydroxy-7-(4"-hydroxy-3"-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3-heptanone (7). Structures of the isolated active components (1 - 7) were established by chemical and spectroscopic means.

• 생약학회지
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• 제34권4호통권135호
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• pp.308-313
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• 2003

A bioassay-guided fractionation of the stem bark extract of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver (Eucommiaceae) led to the isolation of three iridoid constituents, genipin (1), geniposide (3), geniposidic acid (4) as well as $({\pm})-guaiacylglycerol$ (2) and fatty acid mixtures as active ingredients of the extract responsible for the antitumoral property. The EtOAc soluble part and BuOH soluble part of the extract demonstrated a potent inhibition on the proliferation of cultured human tumor cells such as A549 (non small cell lung), SK-OV-3 (ovary), SK-MEL-2 (melanoma), XF498 (central nerve system) and HCT-15 (colon) in vitro, whereas the remaining water soluble part exhibited a poor inhibition. The intensive investigation of the EtOAc soluble part and BuOH soluble part of the extract yielded genipin, guaiacylglycerol, geniposide, geniposidic acid and large amounts of fatty acid mixtures as active components.

• 생약학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.229-232
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• 2009

The ethanol (EtOH) extract of the branches of Cotinus coggygria (Anacardiaceae) exhibited a significant inhibition on the yeast $\alpha$-glucosidase, one of the key enzymes related with diabetes mellitus, in a dose dependent manner, in vitro. The intensive phytochemical survey of the EtOH extract of the species by way of bioactivity-guided fractionation resulted in the isolation of 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-$\beta$-D-glucose (1) as an active principle responsible for the inhibition on $\alpha$-glucosidase, together with two related components 2 and 3. Compound 1 demonstrated a strong inhibition on the yeast $\alpha$-glucosidase, in vitro and $IC_{50}$ value was calculated as 0.96 mg/ml, when that of a reference drug, acarbose was estimated as 5.3 mg/ml. On the other hand, other related constituents of the species, 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-$\beta$-D-glucose (2) and gallic acid (3) were exhibited relatively poor inhibition upon the yeast $\alpha$-glucosidase, respectively.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.145-152
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• 2000

In order to select an effective antibiotic substance against oral resident bacteria, we were isolated from soil and texonomically analyzed. Seven hundred and eighteen strains were isolated on humic acid- vitamin agar(HV agar) and 220 strains were on methanol medium from three each paddy forest, field and riverside soil samples. So, during the screening of antibiotics from soil, we isolated microorganisms showing powerful antagonistic activity against oral resident bacteria. Microorganism was tested against 25 strains of bacteria, yeast and fungi. Among them, No. 248 strain exhibited the most strongly growth inhibition. So, the taxonomical analysis the isolated strain was found to be unknown Actinomyces sp. and was named No 248. A production of the antibiotics from No. 248 begins at the early exponential phase developed at the 72th hour under the optinum conditions. The property of No. 248 antimicrobial compound was very stable under acid(pH 3.0) and alkali(pH 10.0) treatment, but it was instable in heat treatment at $120^{\circ}C$. For the improvement of antibiotic activity, two mutants were isolated from strain No. 248 by the treatment of mutagenic agents, NTG and hydroxylamine. As a result, the mutant strains excreted the potent antibiotics to inhibit the growth of Candida albicans.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.97-108
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• 2015

As a subset study to discover indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea, a total of 29 bacterial strains assigned to the classes Alphaproteobacteria were isolated from various environmental samples collected from plant root, ginseng soil, forest soil, marsh, mud flat, freshwater and seawater. From the high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>99.1%) and formation of a robust phylogenetic clade with the closest species, it was determined that each strain belonged to each independent and predefined bacterial species. There is no official report that these 29 species included in Alphaproteobacteria is have been described in Korea; therefore 14 species of 9 genera in the order Rhizobiales, 7 species of 6 genera in the order Sphingomonadales and 4 species of 2 genera in the order Caulobacterales and 3 species in the order Rhodobacterales and 1 species in the order Rhodospirillales found in Korea. Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, basic biochemical characteristics, isolation source, and strain IDs are also described in the species description section.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.13-23
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• 2018

In 2016, as a part of the research program 'Survey of Korean Indigenous Species', diverse environmental samples were collected from various sources of freshwater, seawater, soil, wetland, reclaimed land, sand, pine forest, plant root, ginseng field, solar saltern, and caves. Thousands of bacterial strains were isolated from the diverse samples and identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses. The present study, as a phylogenetic subset of the primary research program, reports 24 unrecorded bacterial species in Korea that belong to the orders Rhizobiales and Sphingomonadales in the class Alphaproteobacteria. Based on the high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities (>98.8%) and formation of a robust phylogenetic clade with the closest type species, it was determined that each strain belonged to each independent and predefined bacterial species. There is no official report that these 24 bacterial species have been described in Korea; therefore, 10 species of nine genera in the order Rhizobiales and 14 species of seven genera in the order Sphingomonadales are described for unreported alphaproteobacterial species in Korea. Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, biochemical properties, and isolation sources are also provided in the species description section.