• KIEAE Journal
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2014

Among the various building envelope elements, the glass area takes up the largest portion in the office building design. However, a large area of glass can cause problems such as excessive solar radiation, thermal comfort, and glare. Thus it is important to install the glass area to an appropriate level, and control solar radiation and inflow of daylight with blind devices. This study aims to improve the visual performance of the work plane through the automatic control of the venetian blinds. A total of eight kinds of control strategies were chosen; Case 1 does not control the blinds, Case 2 with the blind slats fixed at the angle of 0 degree, Case 3 to 6 using the existing blind control programs, and Case 7 and 8 with improved blind control. Case 3 with 90 degrees had the best energy performance, but the average indoor illuminance was 113lux, which is below the standards. Cases 4 and 5 showed higher levels of interior daylight illuminance with the average of 281lux and 403lux respectively. However, the fixed angles may have difficulties controlling excessive direct sunlight coming into the room and may cause glare. Cases 6 and 7 used sun tracking angle control and cut-off angle control, and the average interior illuminance was measured 250lux and 385lux respectively. Case 8 used the cut-off angle control in an hourly manner, satisfying the standard illuminance of 400lux with an average interior illuminance of 561lux. It was evaluated to be the best method to control direct solar radiation and to guarantee proper level of interior illumination.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.71-75
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• 2001

This study investigates the relationship between size of cosmetic shops, size of showcases, sorts and arrangement of light source, floor plan, and illuminance measured of interior space. From this result, the average space size of cosmetic shops were $623.2{\times}512.9{\times}258.1cm$(width, length, height), the average space size of showcases were $273.3{\times}53.8{\times}89.5cm$ (width, depth, height). The light source was most frequently used fluorescent lamp, and illuminance was the most highest nearby main showcase, and average illuminance were 722[Ix], uniformity were 0.3.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2011년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회 2부
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• pp.99-104
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• 2011

Daylighting system is an alternative to the energy crisis and environment change. And it is possible improvement system of Architectural Space Environment. Accordingly, it is very useful system. Because Daylight Duct System of Daylighting System gives high performance for its price, distribution rate is very high. But Daylighting Duct System is hard to accurate control. Accordingly, it is difficult to maintain continuously Daylight Environment in Interior Spaces. Lighting Diffusion System has been developed that it is Applying the principle of Reflector and prism diffuser for maximize the efficiency of lighting of Daylight Duct Systems through this study. And then compare lighting performance of Existing System and new Lighting Diffusion System through producing a mock-up. Thus, this study was carried out for the purpose of verification for excellence. It is that installed Each Daylighting Duct System for performance evaluation in a laboratory of width 4m, length 10m, height 2.5m. And illuminance was measured at noon on winter solstice(December 22) under clean sky. The actual measurement result was in the following. Newly developed lighting Diffusion system was measured maximum illuminance 399, minimum illuminance 221, average illuminance 141. Synthetically, daylight factor, uniformity factor and illuminance distribution were improved more than existing system. As a result, it was confirmed that was improved lighting Environment in Interior Spaces.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to examinethe present illumination conditions in office environment and to suggest an efficient illumination plan in office planning process. Illumination conditions in work environment were surveyed in 6 offices to investigate whether the present illumination conditions were appropriate to the work type. The results of this study are as follows: Most of the general Illuminance level in the area of work were all at an adequate level, except one. The average Illuminance level in the all meeting rooms were met for the standard. Illuminance in the all reception area were extremely over the standard, The illuminations of this area were rather designed according to the image of the company than the standard. As for the illumination method in the area of general work, four offices used a general lighting by a direct lighting type, while two offices used a general lighting and a task lighting at the same time. This survey suggested that first, each company should consider illumination plan in the building planning process, second, illumination plan considering the type of places is needed, and third, illumination environment may be differentiated according to the work type. In conclusion, efficient illumination environment should be considered in office building planning process, especially In terms of illumination materials and methods.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2007

The lightshelf system, a horizontal shading and light redirect device, should improve the visual environment by optimal light distributions and intense illumination levels of a interior. This study aims to evaluate the daylighting performance of window integrated lightshelf systems by computer simulations. For the study, the standard office plan is analyzed through the field surveys. And then, the various lightshelf types attached window systems are picked out from existed research results. The max, minimum and average illuminance levels of interiors and illuminance distributions are evaluated by Lightsacpe 3.2 programs based on the installing height, shape type and moving angle of lightshelfs. As results, it is suggested that the optimum lightshelf shapes are the height 1.8m and the width 600mm. Also, in mixed lightshelf, the outside width 600mm, inside width 400 are efficient on indoor daylighting performance.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2005

주거공간에서 빛은 인간이 삶을 영위하고 창조활동을 하기 위해서는 꼭 필요한 환경요소이다. 특히 현대인들은 많은 시간을 인공적으로 꾸며진 실내환경 속에서 인공적인 빛을 밝히고 생활하는데 익숙해 있다. 현재 주택에서의 빛환경은 공간마다 명시성 위주의 생활행위에만 기준을 두고 있어 평균조도가 증가되기는 하였다. 그러나 주거공간은 다양한 용도와 목적으로 여러 생활행위가 행해지므로 이것에 대응시킬 수 있는 다양한 조도설정이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 주거공간에서의 빛의 본질을 파악하고, 공동주택을 대상으로 실내공간별 빛환경을 측정하였다. 이를 통해 공동주택의 조명평면 및 문제점을 분석하여 우리나라 주거조명환경에 적합한 조도기준을 제안하고자 하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.129-137
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• 2016

Dark and desolate underground parking spaces in commercial facilities are optimal spaces for crime. First, this study reviewed 15 precedent CPTED guidelines and related literatures, and as a result extracted 45 CPTED planning criteria for underground parking facilities. Secondly by field survey, we investigated six parking spaces in commercial facilities whether they were planned properly based on 45 checklist items, in six categories of CPTED principles. In result, target facilities showed average 46.8% relevance ratio, which means less than a half of 45 items of CPTED planning factors were not applied. Guidelines suggest desirable illuminance level of more than 100 lux, however the measurement of illuminance levels in some parking spaces showed below 50 lux. Relatively department stores were keeping CPTED guidelines better than large discount mart and mixed used facilities. Definition of territory of loading dock and customer area should be clarified, clear signage and color scheme in different zones should be represented with higher level of territorial responsibilities and surveillance in mixed used facilities for further improvement.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 형광등조명기구와 LED 조명기구와의 물리적 특성을 비교하여 LED조명기구의 기본적인 특성을 분석하는데 있다. 여기서 두가지 조명기구의 균제도 및 휘도분포 측면에서 비교 분석하여 LED조명기구를 건축실내공간에 적용하기 위한 자료를 작성하였다. 연구는 4단계로 나누어 진행하였다. 첫째, 기존의 조명기구와 비교한 LED조명광원의 이론적인 검토를 하였다. 둘째, 연구의 목적에 부합되도록 실험변인을 조절할 수 있는 실물대모형(Mock-up)을 제작하였다. 셋째, 설치된 실물대의형을 이용하여 조명기구별 균제도 휘도분포를 측정하였다. 최종적으로, 기존의 형광등기구와 LED조명기구간의 균제도 휘도분포 특성을 비교분석하였다. 연구결과 LED조명기구가 균제도 0.569로 기존 형광등조명기구의 균제도 0.522보다 높아 균일한 조도분포 특성을 보이고 전반확산이 양호한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 휘도분포를 측정한 결과 LED조명기구가 보다 균일한 휘도분포 특성을 보였고, 벽면의 휘도분포는 형광등조명기구에 의한 최대휘도가 $180.6[cd/m^2]$, LED조명기구는 $155.26[cd/m^2]$로 형광등이 높고, 평균휘도는 형광등조명기구가 $44.32[cd/m^2]$, LED조명기구가 $58.65[cd/m^2]$로 LED조명기구가 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때, LED조명기구가 형광등조명기구보다 재실자에게 보다 쾌적한 작업환경을 구성할 수 있는 조명이라 판단된다.

• 급식외식위생학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2021

The results of the inspection based on the sanitation checklist and the measurement of refrigerator/freezer temperature, illuminance, and ATP were conducted at 12 school foodservices in Daiyue-district, Taian-city, Shandong Province, China, at the same time, and the results were as follows. Five items of 'Use sterilized cutting boards', 'Use sterilized knives', 'Use worktable after sterilization', 'Use sink after sterilization', 'Sterilize the interior/exterior of the refrigerator regularly' in the checklist inspection were found not to be performed (0%). Two items of 'Disinfect hands after washing', 'Equipped with hand sterilizer' and 'Sterilize the kitchen areas regularly' were investigated as being performed only in one foodservice (8%). The average illuminance of the receiving stand were 373.08±106.35 Lux, 8% when the standard (540 Lux or higher) was complied with, the average refrigerator temperature were 7.06±0.82℃, 38.9% when the standard (-2 to 5℃) was observed 8% of cases complying with the standard (below -18℃) at -8.56±0.76℃ were investigated. As a result of ATP measurement, the surfaces of knife edge, cutting board, refrigerator door handle, worktable, and sink, which are not sterilized at all, were not suitable (accept ratio 0%), sterilized food plate (accept ratio 54.2%) and utensil for preserved food (accept ratio 75%) had a relatively high accept ratio. China's hygiene regulations should be revised in the direction of strengthening disinfection practices for facilities, equipment, and the environment, and hygiene measures such as education on disinfection and preparation of economical disinfection methods should be established.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.48-56
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• 2003

Three of the leading computer daylighting simulation programs are compared with physical modeling techniques as a means of predicting daylighting performance of interior spaces. Lumen-Micro, Adeline and Lightscape are compared with physical model experiments under clear sky conditions. The comparative evaluations are conducted on analysis of daylight illuminance ratio(%) depending on model types. The estimated average errors are analyzed on 9.4% in Lumen-Micro, 6.3% in Adeline and 3.4% in Lightscape. Therefore, it is proved that three programs are useful for evaluating daylighting performance in our clear sky condition.