• Title/Summary/Keyword: Intensity of elements

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Facial Image Synthesis by Controlling Skin Microelements (피부 미세요소 조절을 통한 얼굴 영상 합성)

  • Kim, Yujin;Park, In Kyu
    • Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.369-377
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    • 2022
  • Recent deep learning-based face synthesis research shows the result of generating a realistic face including overall style or elements such as hair, glasses, and makeup. However, previous methods cannot create a face at a very detailed level, such as the microstructure of the skin. In this paper, to overcome this limitation, we propose a technique for synthesizing a more realistic facial image from a single face label image by controlling the types and intensity of skin microelements. The proposed technique uses Pix2PixHD, an Image-to-Image Translation method, to convert a label image showing the facial region and skin elements such as wrinkles, pores, and redness to create a facial image with added microelements. Experimental results show that it is possible to create various realistic face images reflecting fine skin elements corresponding to this by generating various label images with adjusted skin element regions.

Study on the Mechanical Properties of the Rice Plants Subjected to Radial Load -Analysis of Relaxation Behavior- (측방향하중(側方向荷重)에 의한 벼줄기의 역학적특성(力學的特性)에 관한 연구(I) -이완거동 분석-)

  • Huh, Y.K.
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.402-409
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    • 1993
  • During all mechanical processes rice plants are subjected to verious forces such as natural load of wind and mechanical load of agricultural machines. A force is always accompanied by deformation, which must be either sufficiently great for pressing or sufficiently slight in order to avoid damage. The mechanical behavior of the rice plants is determined by three variables : force, deformation and time. And they must be studied using rheological methods to determine their viscoelastic properties. This study is conducted to experimentally determine the mechanical and rheological properties of the rice stalks subjected to radial load. The force relaxation tests are performed under constant deformation, during which the reduction of forces over time is measured. The mechanical models were developed from the abtained data. The results were as follows : 1. The relaxation behavior of a rice stalk in radial compession may be described by a generalized Maxwell model consisting of 3 Maxwell elements in parallel. 2. Relaxatiom intensity always decreased with increased time of relaxation. 3. The rate of deformation has a significant effect on the relaxation behavior. having increasing pattern with an increase in rate of deformation. 4. The relaxation intensity and residual deformation increased with increased initial load. 5. The relaxtion of the intermediate portion of stalk was bigger tham that of the upper and lower portions.

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Classification of Climatic Conditions to Select Preferred Sounds (선호음 선택을 위한 기후조건의 유형화)

  • Jeon, Ji-Hyeon;Park, Sa-Keun;Lee, Tae-Gang;Kook, Chan;Jang, Gil-Soo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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    • 2006.05a
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    • pp.722-725
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    • 2006
  • Studies on the ways to construct agreeable sound-amenity have been processed in Korea recently and Virtual Acoustics Field Simulation System (VAFSS) which is an active acoustics reproducing system has been made as a technique to realize the results of the study. This system catches the changes of surroundings and produce sounds which go well with the mood of the space. The fact that a man thinks a sound goes well with factors of the environment should be an individual evaluation. Thus, the standards to classify factors influencing the preference of the sound, which can be judged by the environment, are needed. This study suggests the standards of factors to provide agreeable sound for people according to changes of the time and other elements. Among the factors influencing environment, the temperature, the humidity and the wind were suggested as standards of discomfort Index and wind chin temperature. Besides, only the intensity of illumination has been chosen to estimate the intensity of radiation as a part of factors of the whether.

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Behavioral Characteristics of Fatigue Cracks in Small Hole Defects Located on Opposite Sides of the Shaft Cross Section

  • Sam-Hong;Il-Hyuk;Jeong-Moo
    • International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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    • v.5 no.4
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    • pp.36-42
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    • 2004
  • The shaft with the circular cross section has symmetric structural combination parts to keep the rotating balance. Hence the crack usually initiates from symmetric combination parts due to the stress concentration of these parts. In this study to estimate the fatigue behavior of symmetric cracks, the fatigue test was performed by using a rotary bending tester and the specimen with symmetric defects in circular cross section. The characteristics of crack initiation and propagation on the symmetric surface cracks in circular cross section were examined. We also observed the internal crack using the oxidation coloring method and investigated the fatigue behavior using the relationship between the surface crack and the internal crack. As a result, the fatigue life of symmetric cracks was reduced by 35% compared to that of a single crack. We examined the characteristics of fatigue behavior of elements with symmetric cracks using internal crack propagation rate and maximum stress intensity factor range that were obtained from an approximation method.

Bioleaching for Mine Waste of Pyrite by Indigenous Bacteria: Column Bioleaching at Room Temperature (토착박테리아를 이용한 광산찌꺼기 황철석으로부터 유용금속 이온 용출 특성: 상온에서 칼럼 용출)

  • Park, Cheon-Young;Cho, Kang-Hee
    • Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.251-265
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    • 2010
  • A column bioleaching experiment at room temperature with no addition of sulfuric acid was effectively carried out to leach the valuable elements from pyrite, which is common mine waste. The Fe concentration of pyrite leachate from bioleaching column was 14 times higher than that of the control leachate, and secondary minerals were not formed. The $SO_4^{2-}$ concentration of the pyrite leachate was 2.99 times higher. The XRD intensity of the (111), (200), (220), (311), (222), (230) and (321) planes of pyrite decreased, whereas the intensity of (210) and (211) increased after column bioleaching.

P-version Crack Model for Computation of Stress Intensity Factor of Cracked Panels Subjected to Membrane Forces (인장력을 받는 균열판의 응력확대계수 산정을 위한 p-version균열모델)

  • 윤영필;우광성;박병기;신영식
    • Computational Structural Engineering
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    • v.6 no.4
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    • pp.57-66
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    • 1993
  • The p-version crack model based on integrals of Legendre polynomial and virtual crack extension method is proposed with its potential for application to stress intensity factor computations in linear elastic fracture mechanics. The main advantage of this model is that the data preparation effort is minimal because only a small number of elements are used and high accuracy and the rapid convergence can be achieved in the vicinity of crack tip. There are two important findings from this study. Firstly, the limit value, the strain energy of the exact solution, can be estimated with successive three p-version approximations by ascertaining that the approximations enter the asymptotic range. Secondly, the rate of convergence of p-version model is almost twice that of h-version model on the basis of uniform or quasiuniform mesh refinement for the cracked panel problem subjected to tension.

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A Study on the Dielectric Characteristics of GFRP in LN2 under Lightning Impulse Voltage According to Pressure (액체질소 내에서 뇌 임펄스전압에 대한 압력별 GFRP의 절연파괴 특성 분석)

  • Hong, Jong-Gi;Heo, Jeong-Il;Nam, Seok-Ho;Kang, Hyoung-Kul
    • The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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    • v.61 no.10
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    • pp.1471-1476
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    • 2012
  • A study on the dielectric characteristics of the Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (GFRP) is important for designing a reliable high voltage superconducting machines such as transmission superconducting fault current limiters, superconducting cables, and superconducting transformers. In this paper, dielectric experiments of the GFRP under lightning impulse voltage are conducted in liquid nitrogen($LN_2$) according to various experimental conditions such as the thicknesses of the GFRP, the diameters of electrode systems and the pressures. The dielectric characteristics of the GFRP are analyzed by using a Finite Elements Method(FEM) according to various field utilization factors. It has been reported that the electrical insulation design of the GFRP would be conducted by considering the mean electric field intensity($E_{mean}$) distributed inside the GFRP. In this study, it is found that the dielectric performance of the GFRP could be explained by not only $E_{mean}$ but also the maximum electric field intensity ($E_{max}$). Finally, the empirical formulae of the GFRP to estimate an electrical breakdown voltage at sparkover under the lightning impulse condition are deduced. It is expected that the presented experimental results in this paper are helpful to design electrically reliable high voltage superconducting machines using the GFRP as an insulation material.

Effect of NaBH4 and HCl on signal intensity of As, Se, Ge with on-line hydride generation system and E-O-V ICP-AES (수소화물 발생장치와 유도 결합 플라스마 원자화 방출 분광법 이용 시 비소와 셀레늄 및 게르마늄의 신호세기에 대한 NaBH4와 HCl의 영향)

  • Nam, Sang-Ho;Han, Soung-Sim
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.15 no.5
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    • pp.439-444
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    • 2002
  • DE-O-V ICP-AES has been studied for the analytical characteristics of As, Se, and Ge with PN, USN and HG. Effect of $NaBH_4$ and HCl on the signal intensity of As, Se and Ge with HG and E-O-V ICP-AES were closely investigated. The sensitivities of As, Se and Ge with HG were much greater than those with PN and USN. Accordingly, the detection limits of the elements with HG were lower by a factor of 100 and 10 than PN and USN, respectively.

An Application of 2-D BEM with Laplace Transformation to Impact Crack Analysis (균열의 충격해석에 대한 Laplace 변환 2차원 경계요소법의 응용)

  • 조상봉;김태규;최선호
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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    • v.16 no.5
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    • pp.883-890
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    • 1992
  • Analysis of dynamic or impact problems is very important in engineering fields such as airplanes and automobiles. In the present study, two-dimensional elastodynamic BEM program with Laplace transformation is developed to analyze dynamic or impact problems. Accuracy and efficiency of the BEM program are tested by making the comparision of impact analysis of some models with other's published results. The BEM developed is applied to the impact crack problem and the dynamic stress intensity factors of some impact cracks is obtained by the displacement extrapolation method. It is confirmed to be possible to analyze impact problems accurately with only a little elements in simple models. And also it is found to be careful to use the singular element usually using in static crack problems because that the elastodynamic fundamental solution usually using in static crack problems because that the elastodynamic fundamental solution has more sensitive singularity than the static fundamental solution and to determine the boundary conditions in dynamic problems.

Optical properties of Rare-Earth-Implanted GaN Epilayer (희토류 원소를 이온주입법으로 도핑한 GaN 박막의 광전이 특성)

  • Kim, Yong-Min
    • Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.210-214
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    • 2007
  • We have studied optical transitions of Gd-implanted GaN epilayers. Photoluminescence transition intensity at 590 nm at T=5 K diminishes and its center position moves to short avelength (blue shift) with increasing temperature up to 200 K. Above T=200 K, the transition intensity increases with increasing temperature while the center position remains the same. We believe that such anomalous optical transition behavior is due to the effect of rare-element in the semiconductor host material and lattice imperfection which was occurred during the implantation process well as.