• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.95-105
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• 2022

Purpose : This study aims to systematically review the methods of occupational therapy intervention in children with autism spectrum disorders having sleep disorders and evaluate the improvements with intervention effects, based on experimental studies of children with sleep disorders. Methods : Studies published overseas from January 2011 to June 2021 were searched from a total of two databases. Science Direct and OTseeker. The five selected studies were analyzed by dividing them into age, number, intervention period, intervention type, intervention effect, evaluation tool, research design type, and evidence level. Results : The total number of subjects was 182, 95 subjects in ther experimental group, and 87 in the control group. The interventions included weighted blankets, swimming, and sleep education for parents. Ther interventions were found to increase total sleep time, improve mood when waking up, reduce sleep anxiety, reduce sleep time, reduce the number of waking up of during sleep, and reduce sleep resistance behavior. Conclusion : Many people have sleep disorders, with or without disabilities, and the number is gradually increasing. Consequently, research on occupational therapy intervention in children with autism spectrum disorder are actively conducted in foreign countries, and these interventions have a positive effect. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that such occupational therapy intervention studies are necessary for children with autism spectrum disorder with sleep disorders in Korea. In addition, further research on the quality of life of parents of children with autism spectrum disorders due to sleep disorders and their methods are required.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.171-183
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• 2023

Purpose : This study sought to investigate research trends regarding joint mobilization type among patients with shoulder joint diseases. Methods : A scoping review was conducted according to the five steps outlined by Arskey and O'Malley and PRISMA-ScR. We searched six domestic databases (ScienceOn, DBpia, Riss, Kmbase, Kiss, KCI) and three international databases (CINAHL, Pubmed, Cochrane central) between 2013 and June 2023. The keyword terms used were 'joint mobilization', 'Kaltenborn', 'Maitland', 'Mulligan', and 'shoulder joint'. Results : There were a total of 44 studies that investigated the topic, and these were divided into quantitative analysis and topic analysis. In terms of publication year, the number of studies within the last five years has increased more than compared to the previous five years, with most of them being randomized clinical trials. In shoulder joint diseases, it was found that the majority of joint movement studies focused on adhesive joint cystitis and shoulder collision syndrome. The Mulligan concept was the most commonly studied type of joint motion. The dependent variables used included pain, joint function (disability), and muscle function. The visual analog scale was the most commonly used for the pain variable, followed by the numeric rating scale. For joint function and disability variables, range of motion was the most commonly used, followed by shoulder pain and disability index, and disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand. For muscle function, variables such as muscle tone, strength, and activity were used. Conclusion : We believe that findings of this scoping review can serve as valuable mapping data for joint mobilization research on shoulder joint diseases. Further studies including systematic reviews and meta-analyses based on these results are recommended.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2023

Purpose : This study systematically assessed 9 emotion-function programs for schizophrenic individuals that have been implemented over the past 10 years in Korea and abroad, with the objective of providing clinical grounds and data for further programs. Methods : This study identified 2,558 studies from among those registered in the RISS, KISS, EMbase, PubMed and Scopus databases from 2013 to September 2023, using 'schizophrenia' AND 'emotion' AND ('program' OR 'therapy') as keywords. Of the 2,558 studies retrieved from electronic databases, 602 duplicate papers were excluded. After this process, 1,915 papers that did not meet the study's inclusion and exclusion criteria were excluded based on their titles and abstracts. Following a review of the texts of the remaining 41 papers, nine papers were finally selected, excluding 32 papers according to the selection and exclusion criteria. Results : Programs for the emotional function of patients with schizophrenia have continued to be researched. The results of an evaluation on the quality of the selected literature confirmed that a majority of the reviewed items were "uncertain", confirming that there was a risk of bias. The interventions for emotions included art, cognitive-behavioral, and physical programs, of which art programs were frequently applied. Most of the interventions were implemented in hospitals. The dependent variables for evaluating emotions included emotional expression, depression, anxiety, and positive emotions, and among them, emotional expression was used most frequently. Accordingly, the Berkeley expressivity questionnaire was commonly used as an evaluation tool. Conclusion : This study is significant for intending to analyze domestic and overseas programs for the emotions of patients with schizophrenia, thereby proposing the direction for planning and applying interventions in clinical settings. In follow-up studies, it will be necessary to develop a protocol that confirms interventions according to the settings and patient characteristics of programs and expands the scope of literature reviews.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2023

Purpose : This study systematically reviewed occupational therapy programs for upper extremity functions in subacute patients implemented over the last decade at home and abroad to utilize the findings as the basis for intervention protocols. Methods : This study was conducted with domestic and foreign randomized controlled experimental studies published from January 2013 to May 2023. Acute or subacute, CVA or stroke, upper extremity function, and program or therapy were used as search keywords in the search databases Scopus, PubMed, Riss, and DBpia. A total of 3,723 documents were retrieved, and 1,007 duplicate papers were excluded. In addition, 2,640 papers that did not meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria were excluded by the researcher examining the titles and abstracts. Thereafter, the full texts were checked. Consequently, 67 documents were excluded, and nine documents were finally used for analysis. Results : Due to the evaluation of the quality of the documents of nine studies, five items were rated "low," and two items were rated "unclear" in many studies. Males predominated the genders, and infarction predominated the types. The average age was over 50 but under 60 years, and the number of days after onset was predominantly fewer than one month. Occupational therapy programs were classified into mental programs, mirror therapy, music programs, and virtual reality programs, and virtual reality programs were frequently used. The intervention periods were predominantly 15-30 sessions for less than 30 minutes, and the Fugl-Meyer assessment-upper extremity was predominantly applied as an evaluation tool. Conclusion : This study is significant because it attempted to present the direction of intervention protocols for upper extremity functions in subacute stroke patients in clinical settings. Studies should be conducted with an expanded scope for a literature review.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.29-40
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• 2014

Purpose : Analyze the types of hospitalization for mental illness of mental health law, and the contents of hospitalization for legal guardians. Method : Review the previous studies from the provisions and academia of the current legislation such as the Mental Health law and the Habeas Corpus law conducting research. Result : Mental health law and habeas corpus law appears the problem in terms of current legislation. The problem of the scope and priorities of legal guardians, and the period of hospitalization, and economic issues appear in the mental health laws. Conclusion : must a lively discussion for the development of hospitalization for legal guardians. also necessary to switch the social awareness for mental illness patient.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제54권12호
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• pp.481-488
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• 2011

In the current era of low-birth rate in Korea, it is important to improve our neonatal intensive care and to establish an integrative system including a regional care network adequate for both high-risk pregnancies and high-risk newborn infants. Therefore, official discussion for nation-wide augmentation, proper leveling, networking, and regionalization of neonatal and perinatal care is urgently needed. In this report, I describe the status of neonatal intensive care in Korea, as well as nationwide flow of transfer of high-risk newborn infants and pregnant women, and present a short review of the regionalization of neonatal and perinatal care in the Unites States and Japan. It is necessary not only to increase the number of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) beds, medical resources and manpower, but also to create a strong network system with appropriate leveling of NICUs and regionalization. A systematic approach toward perinatal care, that includes both high-risk pregnancies and newborns with continuous support from the government, is also needed, which can be spearheaded through the establishment of an integrative advisory board to propel systematic care forward.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.109-113
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• 2016

This short review article presents a current overview of existing publications and scientific results regarding liquid (ear) acupuncture. The injection of liquids into defined acupuncture points of the ear is not a method commonly used in the Western world. The term liquid acupuncture has different definitions, which makes understanding each definition and differentiating one from the other difficult. General terms like pharmacopuncture, homeosiniatry, and liquid acupuncture, which all describe the method of injecting different kinds of drugs into a defined body acupuncture point, are used. This article presents the history of liquid acupuncture, as well as the current scientific state of the art, from the point of view of two European researchers. Some articles are discussed and a few practical examples are presented.

• BMB Reports
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2014

Atherosclerosis is a pathologic process occurring within the artery, in which many cell types, including T cell, macrophages, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells, interact, and cause chronic inflammation, in response to various inner- or outer-cellular stimuli. Atherosclerosis is characterized by a complex interaction of inflammation, lipid deposition, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, endothelial dysfunction, and extracellular matrix remodeling, which will result in the formation of an intimal plaque. Although the regulation and function of vascular smooth muscle cells are important in the progression of atherosclerosis, the roles of smooth muscle cells in regulating vascular inflammation are rarely focused upon, compared to those of endothelial cells or inflammatory cells. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss here how smooth muscle cells contribute or regulate the inflammatory reaction in the progression of atherosclerosis, especially in the context of the activation of various membrane receptors, and how they may regulate vascular inflammation.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.161-167
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• 2018

Chloroplasts are present in organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. These organelles are thought to have originated from photosynthetic cyanobacteria through endosymbiosis. During endosymbiosis, most cyanobacterial genes were transferred to the host nucleus. Therefore, most chloroplast proteins became encoded in the nuclear genome and must return to the chloroplast after translation. The N-terminal cleavable transit peptide (TP) is necessary and sufficient for the import of nucleus-encoded interior chloroplast proteins. Over the past decade, extensive research on the TP has revealed many important characteristic features of TPs. These studies have also shed light on the question of how the many diverse TPs could have evolved to target specific proteins to the chloroplast. In this review, we summarize the characteristic features of TPs. We also highlight recent advances in our understanding of TP evolution and provide future perspectives about this important research area.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2016

The semiconductor industry has been developed mainly by micronization process due to many advantages of miniaturization of devices. Mass production of semiconductors of 10 nm class has been started recently, and it is expected that the technology generation of 5 nm & 7 nm technology will come. However, excessive linewidth reduction affects physical limits and device reliability. To solve these problems, new process technology development and new concept devices are being studied. In this review, we introduce the next generation technology and introduce the advanced research for the new concept device.