• 안보군사학연구
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• 통권7호
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• pp.129-154
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• 2009

The principles of military operations(principles of war) are the fundamental principles ruling warfighting that made based on the experiences of wars from the time of ancient Greeks to the World War II. Recent wars such as Iraq War showed us the change of environment of war and the style of waging a war. It is believed that future war will be executed with the style of Rapid Deceive Operations, Effect Based Operations, Network Centric Operations. Therefor the principles of war which we use should be reconsidered whether it is useful or not in future warfare. By considering the present principles of operation which are using in many countries and analysing the style of waging future war, we suggest new principles of operations : principle of gravity, principle of mass and dispersal, principle of disturbance, principle of speed, principle of paralysis, principle of synchronization and integration, principle of leadership, and principle of information.

• 대한감각통합치료학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.27-40
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• 2013

목적 : 국내에서 이루어지는 감각통합중재에 관한 연구가 Ayres 감각통합치료의 원리를 어느 정도 반영하고 있는가를 체계적 고찰을 통하여 알아보고자한다. 연구방법 : 학술연구정보서비스(RISS), 국가과학기술전자도서관(NDSL), 한국학술정보(KISS), 디비피아(DBpia)를 사용하여 2000년부터 2012년까지의 국내학회지를 검색하였다. 검색어는 '감각통합치료', '감각통합중재', '감각통합프로그램', '감각통합 훈련'으로 하였으며, 최종 49개의 논문을 포함하였다. Ayres의 감각통합 충실도 분석은 중재방법에서 Ayres의 감각통합 원리를 설명한 경우로 하였으며, 각 대상논문에서 사용한 ASI의 원리의 수를 분석하였다. 결과 : 근거의 질적 수준은 수준IV가 26개로 가장 많았고, 연구 대상 진단군은 지적장애(15개), 발달장애(발달지연, 14개), 자폐스펙트럼장애(13개) 순으로 많았다. Ayres의 감각통합 충실도는 항목 중 감각기회 제공(43개), 자세 안구운동 구강 양측 운동협응에 대한 도전과제 제안(37개)이 가장 많이 언급되었다. 중재에서 5개 이상의 Ayres의 감각통합 원리를 사용한 논문은 26.5%(13개)였고, 8개 이상의 원리를 사용한 논문은 7개(14.2%)로 작업치료 분야의 연구이었다. 결론 : 본 연구에 포함된 49개 연구 중 34개가 작업치료분야에서 이루어졌고 작업치료분야에서 Ayres의 감각통합중재 원리를 빈번히 사용한 것으로 나타났다. 국내 감각통합치료에서 치료원리의 통일성과 치료분야의 전문성 향상을 위해 Ayres의 감각통합 원리를 사용하는 것은 중요하며, 앞으로 많은 연구를 포함하여 감각통합중재 효과에 대한 체계적 고찰이 이루어져야 하겠다.

• 미국학
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.99-131
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• 2018

The United States of America is privileged in that social stratification is not directly linked to the division of powers. Nonetheless, America endured the devastating Civil War only to consolidate her national identity when a nation was not defined. In fact, state governments preexisted as a sovereign long before the federal government came into existence as a national government. As a consequence, intergovernmental relations have persistently been contested long after the Civil War ended. In contrast, the European Union was founded on the political will to establish regional integration such that her member states would never repeat the bloodshed in catastrophic wars. Since the principle of subsidiarity precipitated political endeavor in regional integration, the EU developed into a bifurcated system of transnational and international organizations. In this paper, I evaluate the US and the EU by applying the perspective of federalism in which separation and integration are perennially at tension.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.251-262
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• 2020

본 연구는 현대 뮤지컬사에서 대두되는 뮤지컬 양식을 통합과 해체란 관점으로 분석함으로써, 각 양식에 내포된 특성과 전략을 학술적으로 규명하는 데 있다. 뮤지컬의 양식은 시대에 따라 이합·통합 ·해체·융합의 시기로 나눌 수 있다. 뮤지컬 양식은 모더니즘과 포스트모더니즘의 관점으로 양식의 발현시기와 의미를 고찰할 수 있다. 모더니즘은 '통합'과 '집중'의 에너지가 주조를 이루며, 전기 포스트 모더니즘은 '해체'와 '분산'의 동력이, 후기 포스트모더니즘은 양 사조의 변증법적 결과물로서 '융합'과 '조화'의 철학이 주조를 이루며 작동하고 있다. 뮤지컬의 창작 원리인 통합과 해체 원리는 뮤지컬 태동기의 불안정한 이합의 양식의 발전기를 지나 발현하였다. 이후 로저스와 해머스타인 2세의 등장으로 인해 드라마의 선형성이 강조되는 북 뮤지컬의 통합 원리를 구축하였고, 새로운 내용을 담기위해 콘셉트 뮤지컬의 해체 원리가 탄생하였다. 이후 뮤지컬 작품들에서 발견되는 '융합성'은 이합에서 통합으로, 해체에서 다시 통합으로 선회하는 것으로, 좀 더 발전적인 의미에서 통합이 해체를 다시 포용하고 있다. 이렇듯 끊임없이 서로에게 영향을 주면서 더 좋은 방향으로 발전하는 융합적 절충은 뮤지컬 양식의 발전에 이바지 할 수 있음을 알 수 있다.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.383-404
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• 1999

This study began with an epistemological question about the nature of mathematical cognition in relation to the learner's activity. Therefore, by examining Piaget's 'reflective abstraction' theory which can be an answer to the question, we tried to get suggestions which can be given to the mathematical education in practice. 'Reflective abstraction' is formed through the coordination of the epistmmic subject's action while 'empirical abstraction' is formed by the characters of observable concrete object. The reason Piaget distinguished these two kinds of abstraction is that the foundation for the peculiar objectivity and inevitability can be taken from the coordination of the action which is shared by all the epistemic subjects. Moreover, because the mechanism of reflective abstraction, unlike empirical abstraction, does not construct a new operation by simply changing the result of the previous construction, but is forming re-construction which includes the structure previously constructed as a special case, the system which is developed by this mechanism is able to have reasonability constantly. The mechanism of the re-construction of the intellectual system through the reflective abstraction can be explained as continuous spiral alternance between the two complementary processes, 'reflechissement' and 'reflexion'; reflechissement is that the action moves to the higher level through the process of 'int riorisation' and 'thematisation'; reflexion is a process of 'equilibration'between the assimilation and the accomodation of the unbalance caused by the movement of the level. The operational learning principle of the theorists like Aebli who intended to embody Piaget's operational constructivism, attempts to explain the construction of the operation through 'internalization' of the action, but does not sufficiently emphasize the integration of the structure through the 'coordination' of the action and the ensuing discontinuous evolvement of learning level. Thus, based on the examination on the essential characteristic of the reflective abstraction and the mechanism, this study presents the principles of teaching and learning as following; $\circled1$ the principle of the operational interpretation of knowledge, $\circled2$ the principle of the structural interpretation of the operation, $\circled3$ the principle of int riorisation, $\circled4$ the principle of th matisation, $\circled5$ the principle of coordination, reflexion, and integration, $\circled6$ the principle of the discontinuous evolvement of learning level.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.607-625
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• 2013

It is well-known that the ordinary single-parameter Wiener space exhibits a reflection principle. In this paper we establish a reflection principle for a generalized one-parameter Wiener space and apply it to the integration of a class of functionals on this space. We also discuss several notions of a reflection principle for the two-parameter Wiener space, and explore whether these actually hold.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.83-105
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• 2020

Objectives : This paper aims to examine the system, principle, and fundamentals of the great principle of pulse diagnosis in the 『Nanjing』. Methods : The system, principle, and fundamentals of pulse diagnosis in the 『Nanjing』 were examined within the book's description framework and logical structure in light of its relationship to the 『Huangdineijing』. Previous studies that follow pulse diagnosis of 『Nanjing』 and 『Wangshuhe Maijue』 were referenced. Results & Conclusions : The structure of pulse diagnosis in the 『Nanjing』 is systematically organized under the principle of the three positions and nine indicators as the great principle to which the yinyang and five viscera pulse theories are included. The great principle of the three positions and nine indicators is consisted of a system that allows for a multiple and comprehensive interpretation wherein the theories of yinyang and five elements are interweaved within the pulse diagnosis system, which is comprised of a great principle and particular principles. The theory follows that of the three yin three yang theory of the five circuits and six qi, its principles manifesting as the three positions and nine indicators and integration of pulse and symptoms.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.91-119
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• 2016

Objectives : In this paper, the main objective is to analyze and evaluate Kim Gwangjin(金光鎭, 1885-1940)'s academical achievements of integration of eastern with western medicine and innovation of traditional medicine(TM, 漢醫). Methods : This paper is composed of two parts. First, analyzing Kim's medical book, the principle of Up and Down in Medicine(醫學升降法) by the way of text analysis and interpretation faithfully. Second, adding historical perspectives about his achievements. Results : Kim opened a clinic and practiced TM in Daegu, a city of Youngnam(嶺南) area of Korea, in 1924, and published the book in 1936. While Kim acknowledged the scientific results by western medicine and criticized the typical explanation of five viscera or qi circuits of TM, he clarified the treatment range for TM and provided his own interpretations of pathophysiology through the ups and downs of qi, without conflicting between western medicine and TM. Moreover, he critically follows the TM discourses of the most noted practitioner, Lee Gyoojoon(李圭晙), in the Youngnam area of the time. Conclusions : In the 1930s, although western medicine has become the new core orientation and has forced out TM to the districts, within the abyss of the districts, TM still maintained its strong presence.

• 안보군사학연구
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• 통권4호
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• pp.119-156
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• 2006

Now it is not useful the theory about civil-military relationship that have been analysed for power games between military and civilians Korean society is going on governance society managed by cooperating network of government, civilian society and business market These social change require for new context about civil-Military relationship. Military leadership must contribute desirable civil-military relationship This study will suggest the direction about military leadership for desirable civil-military relationship. Now political issues about military intervention to the government are almost settled, but the worry about complications between military and civilians exist in the part of low issues like policy-making. Another important issues is military leadership about the style of social-being. In recent years, social change is very complex and speedy like global networking and diversity, leadership environment also, changed like leadership paradigm shift. Military leadership must be examined from the principle to the context of social integration At the present age, individual soldier is citizen in uniformed. Also military leadership must to seek the principle in the citizen mind like citizenship. Another charactristics of present day military is influence of high technogy. For the high-tech war military need the transition about science and technology from the whole society. In the context of above the development of military leadership are suggested as follows. First, the development of military control leadership must besought to the context of cooperation between government and military. Government must provide the system to strengthen military professionals in the process of policy-making about national security Second, military leadership must embody the important social values through the advanced military making, Third, military leadership must provide the adaptability to the society through the military education of their soldiers Forth, military leadership must be contributed to the social integration and to the growing up individual soldiers like their socialization and their achievement. Five, an important subject of military leadership is the creation of desirable military culture through the harmony of social culture and military culture.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.81-91
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• 2014

This study derives the characteristic functions of (multivariate/generalized) t distributions without contour integration. We extended Hursts method (1995) to (multivariate/generalized) t distributions based on the principle of randomization and mixtures. The derivation methods are relatively straightforward and are appropriate for graduate level statistics theory courses.